12 Questions
What type of test is used to determine if pathogenic organisms are present in a sample?
Blood culture
Which area of clinical analysis focuses on the study of antigens and antibodies to determine immunity or disease presence?
Immunology & Serology
What is the purpose of Immunohematology (Blood Bank) in a clinical setting?
Compatibility testing before blood transfusion
Which technology is commonly used in Molecular Diagnostics to study the presence of diseases or infections?
Polymerase chain reaction (PCR)
What is the primary focus of histopathology?
Studying the microscopic structure of tissues
Which of the following is a routine test performed in urinalysis?
Microscopic examination of cells in urine
What does the chemistry department primarily perform?
Biochemical analysis of blood and body fluids
Which phase of sample testing involves studying urine pH, glucose, and protein levels?
Chemistry
What is the historical purpose of phlebotomy as mentioned in the text?
To cleanse the body of impurities
Which physician is considered the Father of Medicine and contributed to early medical theory related to phlebotomy?
Hippocrates
What was the purpose of venesection, a phlebotomy procedure done in the 17th- early 18th Century?
To bleed patients using lancet-type instruments
How did leeches become a modern method of bleeding in the 19th century?
They emerged as a more modern method of bleeding
Study Notes
Microbiology and Immunology
- Pathogenic organisms are detected using microbiology tests.
- Clinical analysis focusing on antigens and antibodies is called Immunology.
- Immunohematology (Blood Bank) in a clinical setting determines compatibility for transfusions and detects antibodies against red blood cells.
Molecular Diagnostics
- Molecular technology, such as PCR (Polymerase Chain Reaction), is used to study diseases or infections at the molecular level.
Histopathology
- Histopathology focuses on the examination of tissue samples to diagnose diseases.
Urinalysis
- Routine tests in urinalysis include specific gravity, pH, protein, glucose, ketones, bilirubin, urobilinogen, and blood.
Clinical Chemistry
- The chemistry department primarily performs tests to measure the levels of various substances in bodily fluids.
Urine Analysis
- The prescriptive phase of sample testing involves studying urine pH, glucose, and protein levels.
Phlebotomy History
- Historically, phlebotomy involved the removal of blood to balance "humors" in the body.
- The Father of Medicine, Hippocrates, contributed to early medical theory related to phlebotomy.
- Phlebotomy was used to treat ailments by balancing "bad blood" through venesection, a phlebotomy procedure popular in the 17th-early 18th Century.
- Leeches became a modern method of bleeding in the 19th century.
Test your knowledge on cultures samples to determine pathogenic organisms, sensitivity to antibiotics, antigens, antibodies, and immunity. Learn about different tests like blood cultures, stool and urine cultures, and Mycobacterial culture.
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