Microbiological Tests for Hospital-Acquired Pneumonia Quiz

Microbiological tests such as performing Gram stain on the patient’s sputum sample and a real-time PCR test for SARS-CoV-2 could be considered when investigating the cause of pneumonia in a hospitalised patient.

Pneumonia is an inflammatory consolidation of the lung parenchyma.

Hospital-acquired pneumonia (HAP) is most typically caused by gram-negative bacilli such as Klebsiella and E. Coli.

<p>It is important to consider the possibility of COVID-19 pneumonia as the patient could have contracted it during their hospital stay.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The text mentions that the lower respiratory tract and lungs are normally sterile due to local defense mechanisms such as alveolar macrophages.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The objectives of the lecture are to understand the signs and symptoms of URTI infections, causative organisms, pathophysiology, diagnosis, and treatment.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The barriers encountered include physical, mechanical, humoral, and cellular immune defenses such as hair, mucous, ciliated cells, adenoids, tonsils, and immune cells like macrophages, monocytes, neutrophils, and eosinophils.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Common illnesses include the common cold, sinusitis, pharyngitis, laryngitis, and laryngotracheitis.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The majority of symptoms are due to viral infections, but secondary bacterial infections may occur.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Infections of the upper respiratory tract are a frequent site of infection and range from the common cold to life-threatening conditions such as epiglottitis.</p> Signup and view all the answers