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Questions and Answers
What is a common clinical manifestation of infections caused by Trichophyton?
Ring of inflammatory, pruritic vesicles with a healing center.
How do Malassezia species typically manifest on the skin?
They cause scaly plaques on the trunk, which may be hypopigmented or hyperpigmented and nonpruritic.
What type of transmission occurs for Microsporum infections?
Microsporum can be transmitted from animal to human and human to human.
What are the common clinical appearances of sporotrichosis caused by Sporothrix?
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What is the causative organism of Tinea versicolor and its clinical manifestation?
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What is the causative organism of sporotrichosis?
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What clinical manifestation is commonly associated with sporotrichosis?
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What is the most likely etiologic agent in a patient who developed an ulcer after pricking her finger with a rose bush?
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Which culture method is used to identify the cause of tinea corporis?
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How does Itraconazole function in the treatment of sporotrichosis?
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What is an important preventive measure against sporotrichosis when handling plants?
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What type of yeast forms are observed in tissue specimens of sporotrichosis?
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What are the typical findings in culture on Sabouraud's agar at room temperature for sporotrichosis?
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What is the causative organism of the painless papule that ulcerated, forming a black eschar in the abattoir worker?
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Which organism is indicated by the presence of blue-green pus and oxidase positive Gram-negative bacilli in a burn patient?
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What diagnosis is most likely for a patient with a nonpainful, expanding lesion and positive acid-fast stain on the arm?
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Which skin infection is caused by the organism Staphylococcus aureus and can lead to toxic shock syndrome?
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What common fungal infection caused by Candida albicans can present with skin rashes in warm, moist areas?
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In the context of skin infections, what type of lesions are characterized by vesicles and are associated with viral pathogens?
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What skin finding can signify an opportunistic infection associated with immunocompromised individuals due to Staphylococcus aureus?
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What is a common complication of severe burn injuries that can be caused by multiple bacterial pathogens?
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Study Notes
Anthrax
- Black, painless skin lesion that develops into an ulcer with a black crust (eschar) after being pricked by a contaminated object
- Gram stain of the fluid reveals large, Gram-positive bacilli
- Caused by Bacillus anthracis
Pseudomonas aeruginosa Infection
- Patient with third-degree burns develops fever and pus with a blue-green color
- Gram stain of the pus reveals oxidase positive, Gram-negative bacilli
- Common cause of infections in burn patients
Tuberculoid Leprosy
- Slowly expanding, painless lesion on the arm that causes loss of sensation after 2 months
- Acid-fast stain of a scraping of the lesion is positive
- Caused by Mycobacterium leprae
Skin & Subcutaneous Fungal Diseases
- Fungi can be identified by examining the tissue under a microscope
- Trichophyton and Epidermophyton: human to human transmission, causes ring of inflammatory, pruritic vesicles with a healing center
- Microsporum: animal to human and human to human transmission
- Malassezia: human to human transmission, causes scaly plaques on the trunk, hypopigmented or hyperpigmented and nonpruritic
- Sporothrix: Penetrating lesion in garden implants (e.g., rose), causes pustule or ulcer on hands with fungal nodules on arms
Tinea Versicolor (Pityriasis Versicolor)
- Caused by Malassezia species
- Characterized by hypopigmented or hyperpigmented lesions
- Affects the trunk and proximal parts of the limbs
- Treatment: local antifungal creams
Sporotrichosis
- Caused by Sporothrix, a dimorphic fungus
- Manifests as a painless local pustule or ulcer with nodules
- Round shaped budding yeasts are seen in tissue specimens
- In culture on Sabouraud’s agar at room temperature, hyphae and conidia are seen
- Prevention: Protect the skin from contact with plants and wood
- Treatment: Itraconazole
Sporotrichosis
- A woman pricked her finger while pruning rose bushes
- Develops a local pustule that progresses to an ulcer
- Caused by Sporothrix
Tinea Corporis
- An itchy rash on the abdomen with red, circular lesions
- Lesions have a vesiculated border and a healing central area
- Diagnosis: potassium hydroxide mount of skin scrapings
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Description
This quiz covers various microbial infections affecting the skin, including anthrax, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, leprosy, and fungal diseases. Test your understanding of the characteristics, causes, and implications of these infections. Perfect for students studying microbiology or dermatology.
