Microbial Ecology Dr. Youssef Moustafa Introduction Quiz
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Questions and Answers

What is microbial ecology concerned with?

  • The impact of climate change on plant life
  • The exploration of space habitats
  • The study of large animals in various ecosystems
  • The relationship of microorganisms with one another and with their surroundings (correct)

    • Why is microbial ecology considered important?

  • Because it studies only Archaea
  • Because it disregards the role of microorganisms in the ecosystem
  • Because microorganisms make up most of the biomass on Earth (correct)
  • Because it focuses on ecological theory only

    • Why are microorganisms referred to as 'the unseen majority'?

  • Because they are visible to the naked eye, unlike larger animals
  • Because their impact on ecosystems is minimal
  • Because they are always present in plain sight
  • Because they make up most of the Earth's biomass but are often overlooked (correct)

    • What unique role do microorganisms play in ecosystems?

    <p>Providing energy in environments without sunlight</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In what type of habitats do chemosynthetic microbes provide energy?

    <p>Environments where light cannot penetrate</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What domains of life does microbial ecology encompass?

    <p>Eukarya, Archaea, and Bacteria</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of using a 5'-GC clamped forward primer in DGGE?

    <p>To prevent the DNA strands from completely dissociating into single strands during electrophoresis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How is sequence variation utilized in determining phylogenetic identities in DGGE?

    <p>It determines the melting behavior of PCR amplicons</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is the use of a linear gradient of DNA denaturant important in DGGE?

    <p>To separate DNA strands based on sequence differences</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which software package is commonly used for comparing fingerprints from different samples in microbial ecology?

    <p>GelCompar</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of hybridizing bands from DGGE fingerprints to molecular probes on nylon membranes?

    <p>To identify specific taxonomic groups</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a challenge associated with Denaturing Gradient Gel Electrophoresis (DGGE)?

    <p>Limited sequence information</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of protozoa use cilia for locomotion?

    <p>Ciliates</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a reason why protozoa are important for environmental engineering?

    <p>They produce toxic compounds</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of algae?

    <p>They have specialized tissues</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which group of algae is characterized by the production of golden-brown pigments?

    <p>Chrysophyta</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a reason why algae are important for environmental engineering?

    <p>They produce important products</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following best describes fungi?

    <p>Heterotrophic eukaryotic microorganisms that are mostly multicellular</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT an abiotic factor that affects microbial diversity?

    <p>Horizontal gene transfer</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary outcome of bacteriophages attacking dominant bacteria?

    <p>The disappearance of dominant bacteria</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which biotic factor has the most significant influence on microbial diversity?

    <p>Horizontal gene transfer</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What role does population size play in maintaining microbial biodiversity?

    <p>Large population sizes increase biodiversity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do microbial species with quick generation times impact microbial diversity?

    <p>By increasing mutation frequency</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which biotic factor can introduce new traits into distantly related organisms?

    <p>Horizontal gene transfer</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a key step in numerical taxonomy?

    <p>Assigning numerical values to each trait</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of cluster analyses in numerical taxonomy?

    <p>To derive meaningful relationships amongst microorganisms</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which technique is used to analyze the methyl ester content in total cellular fatty acids?

    <p>Gas chromatography</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a type of lipid present in bacterial cells?

    <p>Triglycerides</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a common application of numerical taxonomy?

    <p>Classifying bacteria into Gram-positive and Gram-negative types</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main purpose of analyzing the fatty acid composition of bacterial cells?

    <p>To provide information on the characteristics of the cell</p> Signup and view all the answers

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