MHC Class 1 and 2 Antigen Presentation
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Questions and Answers

What does the term 'ACE Scanner' refer to in the given content?

  • A type of software used for document editing.
  • A device used for scanning physical documents. (correct)
  • A method for encrypting files.
  • A protocol for digital image processing.

What is a primary function of the ACE Scanner?

  • To enhance the quality of printed images.
  • To perform data backup for documents.
  • To digitize and store physical documents. (correct)
  • To edit text documents manually.

Which of the following best describes the process involved with the ACE Scanner?

  • Cloud backup of scanned files.
  • Batch processing of files for archiving.
  • Manual transcription of documents.
  • Automatic recognition and digital conversion. (correct)

In what context would an ACE Scanner be most useful?

<p>When converting hard copy records to digital format. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What advantage does the ACE Scanner provide during document management?

<p>It facilitates easier sharing and storage of documents. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

ACE Scanner

A device used for scanning documents

Scanning

The process of converting documents into digital format

Documents

Physical records or papers containing information

Digital Format

A format for storing data electronically.

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Conversion

The process of changing something from one form to another

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Study Notes

MHC Class 1 and 2 Antigen Presentation

  • APCs use MHC to present linear peptides to T cells.
  • The MHC complex is composed of 2 alpha and 2 beta chains forming a peptide-binding groove.
  • The MHC gene region on chromosome 6 is the most diverse in the genome.
  • "Crossing over" (in meiosis) occurs only 2% of the time in the MHC region.
  • Individuals inherit a solid block of MHC genes from each parent rather than recombined versions.
  • MHC II has 5 isotypes (HLA-DQ, HLA-DP, and HLA-DR).
  • MHC II α and β chains are referred to as A and B.
  • Different MHC II complexes lead to varied peptide presentation.
  • Variation is primarily focused on the binding groove of the β chain.
  • APCs take up proteins/antigens and break them down into smaller linear peptides.
  • Proteases are used to degrade 3-D protein into linear peptides.

MHC II Complex Function

  • The invariant chain blocks the peptide-binding groove in the MHC II complex until the antigen is processed.
  • The invariant chain is removed, and the binding groove is available for peptides.
  • HLA-DM facilitates the peptide exchange for CLIP (class II associated invariant chain peptide).

MHC I Complex Function

  • MHC I has one heavy chain and Beta 2 microglobulin.
  • It exhibits peptide-binding groove variability.
  • MHC I complex in ER needs an escort to transport peptides into the complex
  • Chaperone proteins (like Calnexin) assist the MHC I assembly process
  • A peptide delivered by TAP binds to the heavy chain to form the mature MHC I molecule.
  • MHC I complex then exports from ER to cell surface.
  • ERAP enzyme removes N-terminal amino acids of peptides to make the peptides 8-10 residues.

T Cell Interaction with MHC

  • MHC I interacts with CD8 T cells.
  • MHC II interacts with CD4 T cells.
  • CD8 T cells check cells for intracellular organisms.
  • CD4 T cells need co-stimulation for proliferation/ activation.
  • CD8 T cells directly kill infected host cells.

Mechanisms of Cellular Killing

  • Granules in CD8 T cells contain perforin to create pores in target cells.
  • Granules also contain granzymes that enter the pores to initiate apoptosis.

NK Cell Function

  • NK cells detect MHC I on healthy cells, killing cells lacking MHC I.
  • Activating receptors on NK cells recognize stress proteins on infected cells.
  • Inhibitory receptors check MHC I presence.

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MHC PDF

Description

Explore the intricate mechanisms of MHC Class 1 and Class 2 antigen presentation in this detailed quiz. Learn about the structure and diversity of MHC molecules, their role in T cell activation, and the process by which antigens are processed and presented. Test your knowledge on key concepts and functions related to MHC complexes.

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