MGT340: Human Resource Planning and Recruitment

Human Resource Planning

• Involves forecasting the need for human resources and determining how to fulfill that need
• Effective HR planning helps management meet demand for human resources, avoiding surpluses or shortages

Human Resource Surplus vs Shortage

• HR surplus: when supply of required human resources exceeds demand
• HR shortage: when supply of required human resources is less than demand
• Causes of HR shortage: absenteeism, aging workforce, disability management practices, inconsistent staffing levels, and inability to recruit and retain competent resources

Job Analysis

• Studying a job to identify skills, knowledge, experience, and other requirements necessary to perform a job
• Creates Job Description (JD) and Job Specification (JS)

Job Description (JD)

• Written narrative describing general tasks, duties, and responsibilities of a position
• Components of JD:
  • Identification (job title, department, location, analysis date, grades, pay scale, relationships)
  • Job summary (precise description of major tasks, responsibilities, and duties)
  • Education and experience requirements
  • Physical requirements (if necessary)

Job Specification (JS)

• Statement of employee characteristics and qualifications required for satisfactory performance of a job
• Components of JS:
  • Knowledge, skills, and abilities
  • Educational qualifications
  • Work experience
  • Physical requirements (if necessary)
  • Personality requirements (if necessary)
  • Career path

Recruitment and Selection Process

• Internal recruitment (promotion, transfer of existing staff)
• External recruitment:
  • Employment agencies and consultants
  • Campus recruitment
  • Employee referrals
  • Employee audit or inventory
  • Unsolicited applicants
  • Job posting and bidding
  • Internet recruitment
• Steps in the recruitment process:
  1. Identify vacancies
  2. Source candidates
  3. Select candidates
  4. Inform successful applicants
  5. Offer employment
  6. Inform and provide official offer letter
  7. Hold induction

Contract of Employment

• Agreement between employer and employee for services or work performed
• Importance of contract of employment:
  • Minimizes disputes
  • Ensures employees know what is expected of them
  • Shows benefits entitled
  • Minimizes inquiries
  • Avoids misunderstandings
• Terms and conditions of employment:
  • Express terms (written or oral agreement)
  • Implied terms ( employer's obligation to provide a safe workplace, etc.)
  • Changing terms of an employment contract requires mutual consent