Questions and Answers
The scientific approach to management emerged in the early 20th century when companies wished to increase worker productivity to counteract _____
labor shortages
Frederick Taylor is associated with the scientific management approach to management.
True
What should be included in Renata's analysis using the systems perspective?
Equipment
Peter Drucker is credited with providing the first modern handbook on the subject of ______.
Signup and view all the answers
In which ways did Munsterberg suggest that psychologists could contribute to industry?
Signup and view all the answers
In order to follow Mary Parker Follett's concept of integration, a company should ______.
Signup and view all the answers
_____ management focuses on managing the production and ______.
Signup and view all the answers
In terms of the systems viewpoint, _______ is information about the reaction of the environment to the outputs that affects the inputs.
Signup and view all the answers
According to the ____ viewpoint, a management problem should be handled according to the individual and the environmental situation.
Signup and view all the answers
Shared value and (...........) development consider environmental and social effects of business as well as profit.
Signup and view all the answers
What is accurate regarding the importance of learning about a company's mission and vision statements before a job interview?
Signup and view all the answers
According to the systems viewpoint, what are three types of inputs?
Signup and view all the answers
Who is known as the 'father of industrial psychology'?
Signup and view all the answers
Which management viewpoint asks, 'What method is the best to use under these particular circumstances?'
Signup and view all the answers
What should an individual consider learning about a company before going to a job interview?
Signup and view all the answers
Scientific management is the study of work methods to improve the productivity of _____.
Signup and view all the answers
The classical viewpoint of management emphasizes ways to ______.
Signup and view all the answers
An open system fosters the idea that two or more forces combined create an effect that is greater than the sum of their individual effects. This is known as _____.
Signup and view all the answers
What are the contemporary approaches to management?
Signup and view all the answers
Which individuals helped pioneer administrative management theory?
Signup and view all the answers
Charles Clinton Spaulding proposed eight _____ of management based in part on his childhood experiences working at his father's fields.
Signup and view all the answers
The field of industrial ______ (the study of human behavior in the workplace) is based on Hugo Munsterberg's theories.
Signup and view all the answers
According to Henri Fayol, what are the major functions of management?
Signup and view all the answers
What are issues with the classical viewpoint?
Signup and view all the answers
The behavioral management viewpoint emphasized the importance of ______.
Signup and view all the answers
The original focus of the Hawthorne studies was the ______.
Signup and view all the answers
Identify the two theorists who contributed the most to the human relations movement.
Signup and view all the answers
Maslow's hierarchy of needs resulted from the study of ______.
Signup and view all the answers
Maslow's hierarchy of human needs proposes that people are motivated by which needs?
Signup and view all the answers
The management approach of _____ was one of the first to recognize that enriching the lives of organizational and community family was just as important as a company making a profit?
Signup and view all the answers
A supervisor who considers employees to be irresponsible and resistant to change would be characterized as a Theory _______ manager.
Signup and view all the answers
If you believe your employees are capable of taking on responsibility with sufficient self-direction and self-control, you are a Theory ___ manager.
Signup and view all the answers
What four disciplines are included in the behavioral science approach to management?
Signup and view all the answers
What are the branches of quantitative management?
Signup and view all the answers
Evidence-based management focuses on bringing _____ to the decision process.
Signup and view all the answers
A system is a set of _____ parts that operate together to achieve a common purpose.
Signup and view all the answers
According to the systems viewpoint, the part of a system that involves turning raw materials and knowledge into a new and different product or service is called _____.
Signup and view all the answers
In terms of the systems viewpoint, profits and losses are types of _______.
Signup and view all the answers
Which management perspectives typically consider an organization to be a closed system?
Signup and view all the answers
The application of quantitative techniques, such as statistics and computer simulations, to management is called _____ management.
Signup and view all the answers
According to the systems viewpoint, James' bakery's flour, sugar, yeast, and eggs would be considered _______, whereas the decorated brownies he sells would be considered _______.
Signup and view all the answers
According to the systems viewpoint, what are three types of inputs?
Signup and view all the answers
A closed system has little interaction with its environment.
Signup and view all the answers
_____ approaches to management include learning organizations, high-performance work practices, and sustainable development.
Signup and view all the answers
What are two types of outputs according to the systems viewpoint?
Signup and view all the answers
A learning organization:
Signup and view all the answers
What organization launched the PRME?
Signup and view all the answers
What are Taylor's principles of scientific management?
Signup and view all the answers
What are primary concerns of shared value and sustainable development?
Signup and view all the answers
When Mary Parker Follett referred to the use of 'communities' within an organization, she meant that ______.
Signup and view all the answers
Operations management focuses on _____.
Signup and view all the answers
Henri Fayol is credited with being the first person to ______ management behavior.
Signup and view all the answers
Study Notes
Scientific Management
- Originated in the early 20th century to improve productivity in response to labor shortages.
- Frederick Taylor, known as the "father of scientific management," emphasized studying work methods for efficiency.
Major Theorists
- Peter Drucker provided the first modern handbook on management.
- Hugo Munsterberg is recognized as the "father of industrial psychology" for his studies on workplace behavior.
- Mary Parker Follett introduced integration concepts emphasizing collaboration between managers and employees.
Key Concepts in Management Theory
- Systems perspective analyzes interrelated components, including equipment and feedback mechanisms.
- Contingency viewpoint suggests that management approaches should vary depending on the individual and environmental context.
- Classical viewpoint focuses on efficient management systems, often neglecting human needs.
Importance of Management Functions
- Henri Fayol outlined major functions: planning, organizing, controlling, and leading.
- The behavioral management perspective underlines understanding and motivating human behavior in organizations.
Inputs and Outputs in Management
- Inputs include people, money, and equipment; outputs relate to employee satisfaction and finished products.
- Transformational processes convert inputs into new products or services.
Learning and Sustainable Development
- Learning organizations continuously create and transfer knowledge, adapting behaviors in response to new insights.
- Contemporary management approaches emphasize shared value and sustainable development, taking into account social and environmental impacts.
Hierarchy of Needs
- Maslow's hierarchy identifies motivation through five levels: physiological, safety, love, esteem, and self-actualization.
Quantitative Management
- Quantitative management applies statistical and analytical techniques to improve decision-making processes.
Perspectives on Management Characteristics
- Closed systems interact minimally with their environments, while open systems encourage external interactions for enhanced synergy.
- Theory X managers view employees as irresponsible, whereas Theory Y managers see them as capable of self-direction.
Issues with Classical Viewpoint
- The classical viewpoint has been criticized for its mechanistic view of humans as mere cogs in a machine and for overlooking human needs.
Organizational Values and Vision
- Understanding a company's mission and vision is critical before job interviews, as it aligns personal values with organizational goals.
Studying That Suits You
Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.
Description
Test your knowledge of Chapter 2 from the Management Science Basics. This quiz covers important concepts such as the scientific management approach and key figures like Frederick Taylor. Perfect for students looking to reinforce their understanding of management principles.