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Questions and Answers
The scientific approach to management emerged in the early 20th century when companies wished to increase worker productivity to counteract _____
The scientific approach to management emerged in the early 20th century when companies wished to increase worker productivity to counteract _____
labor shortages
Frederick Taylor is associated with the scientific management approach to management.
Frederick Taylor is associated with the scientific management approach to management.
True (A)
What should be included in Renata's analysis using the systems perspective?
What should be included in Renata's analysis using the systems perspective?
Equipment
Peter Drucker is credited with providing the first modern handbook on the subject of ______.
Peter Drucker is credited with providing the first modern handbook on the subject of ______.
In which ways did Munsterberg suggest that psychologists could contribute to industry?
In which ways did Munsterberg suggest that psychologists could contribute to industry?
In order to follow Mary Parker Follett's concept of integration, a company should ______.
In order to follow Mary Parker Follett's concept of integration, a company should ______.
_____ management focuses on managing the production and ______.
_____ management focuses on managing the production and ______.
In terms of the systems viewpoint, _______ is information about the reaction of the environment to the outputs that affects the inputs.
In terms of the systems viewpoint, _______ is information about the reaction of the environment to the outputs that affects the inputs.
According to the ____ viewpoint, a management problem should be handled according to the individual and the environmental situation.
According to the ____ viewpoint, a management problem should be handled according to the individual and the environmental situation.
Shared value and (...........) development consider environmental and social effects of business as well as profit.
Shared value and (...........) development consider environmental and social effects of business as well as profit.
What is accurate regarding the importance of learning about a company's mission and vision statements before a job interview?
What is accurate regarding the importance of learning about a company's mission and vision statements before a job interview?
According to the systems viewpoint, what are three types of inputs?
According to the systems viewpoint, what are three types of inputs?
Who is known as the 'father of industrial psychology'?
Who is known as the 'father of industrial psychology'?
Which management viewpoint asks, 'What method is the best to use under these particular circumstances?'
Which management viewpoint asks, 'What method is the best to use under these particular circumstances?'
What should an individual consider learning about a company before going to a job interview?
What should an individual consider learning about a company before going to a job interview?
Scientific management is the study of work methods to improve the productivity of _____.
Scientific management is the study of work methods to improve the productivity of _____.
The classical viewpoint of management emphasizes ways to ______.
The classical viewpoint of management emphasizes ways to ______.
An open system fosters the idea that two or more forces combined create an effect that is greater than the sum of their individual effects. This is known as _____.
An open system fosters the idea that two or more forces combined create an effect that is greater than the sum of their individual effects. This is known as _____.
What are the contemporary approaches to management?
What are the contemporary approaches to management?
Which individuals helped pioneer administrative management theory?
Which individuals helped pioneer administrative management theory?
Charles Clinton Spaulding proposed eight _____ of management based in part on his childhood experiences working at his father's fields.
Charles Clinton Spaulding proposed eight _____ of management based in part on his childhood experiences working at his father's fields.
The field of industrial ______ (the study of human behavior in the workplace) is based on Hugo Munsterberg's theories.
The field of industrial ______ (the study of human behavior in the workplace) is based on Hugo Munsterberg's theories.
According to Henri Fayol, what are the major functions of management?
According to Henri Fayol, what are the major functions of management?
What are issues with the classical viewpoint?
What are issues with the classical viewpoint?
The behavioral management viewpoint emphasized the importance of ______.
The behavioral management viewpoint emphasized the importance of ______.
The original focus of the Hawthorne studies was the ______.
The original focus of the Hawthorne studies was the ______.
Identify the two theorists who contributed the most to the human relations movement.
Identify the two theorists who contributed the most to the human relations movement.
Maslow's hierarchy of needs resulted from the study of ______.
Maslow's hierarchy of needs resulted from the study of ______.
Maslow's hierarchy of human needs proposes that people are motivated by which needs?
Maslow's hierarchy of human needs proposes that people are motivated by which needs?
The management approach of _____ was one of the first to recognize that enriching the lives of organizational and community family was just as important as a company making a profit?
The management approach of _____ was one of the first to recognize that enriching the lives of organizational and community family was just as important as a company making a profit?
A supervisor who considers employees to be irresponsible and resistant to change would be characterized as a Theory _______ manager.
A supervisor who considers employees to be irresponsible and resistant to change would be characterized as a Theory _______ manager.
If you believe your employees are capable of taking on responsibility with sufficient self-direction and self-control, you are a Theory ___ manager.
If you believe your employees are capable of taking on responsibility with sufficient self-direction and self-control, you are a Theory ___ manager.
What four disciplines are included in the behavioral science approach to management?
What four disciplines are included in the behavioral science approach to management?
What are the branches of quantitative management?
What are the branches of quantitative management?
Evidence-based management focuses on bringing _____ to the decision process.
Evidence-based management focuses on bringing _____ to the decision process.
A system is a set of _____ parts that operate together to achieve a common purpose.
A system is a set of _____ parts that operate together to achieve a common purpose.
According to the systems viewpoint, the part of a system that involves turning raw materials and knowledge into a new and different product or service is called _____.
According to the systems viewpoint, the part of a system that involves turning raw materials and knowledge into a new and different product or service is called _____.
In terms of the systems viewpoint, profits and losses are types of _______.
In terms of the systems viewpoint, profits and losses are types of _______.
Which management perspectives typically consider an organization to be a closed system?
Which management perspectives typically consider an organization to be a closed system?
The application of quantitative techniques, such as statistics and computer simulations, to management is called _____ management.
The application of quantitative techniques, such as statistics and computer simulations, to management is called _____ management.
According to the systems viewpoint, James' bakery's flour, sugar, yeast, and eggs would be considered _______, whereas the decorated brownies he sells would be considered _______.
According to the systems viewpoint, James' bakery's flour, sugar, yeast, and eggs would be considered _______, whereas the decorated brownies he sells would be considered _______.
According to the systems viewpoint, what are three types of inputs?
According to the systems viewpoint, what are three types of inputs?
A closed system has little interaction with its environment.
A closed system has little interaction with its environment.
_____ approaches to management include learning organizations, high-performance work practices, and sustainable development.
_____ approaches to management include learning organizations, high-performance work practices, and sustainable development.
What are two types of outputs according to the systems viewpoint?
What are two types of outputs according to the systems viewpoint?
A learning organization:
A learning organization:
What organization launched the PRME?
What organization launched the PRME?
What are Taylor's principles of scientific management?
What are Taylor's principles of scientific management?
What are primary concerns of shared value and sustainable development?
What are primary concerns of shared value and sustainable development?
When Mary Parker Follett referred to the use of 'communities' within an organization, she meant that ______.
When Mary Parker Follett referred to the use of 'communities' within an organization, she meant that ______.
Operations management focuses on _____.
Operations management focuses on _____.
Henri Fayol is credited with being the first person to ______ management behavior.
Henri Fayol is credited with being the first person to ______ management behavior.
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Study Notes
Scientific Management
- Originated in the early 20th century to improve productivity in response to labor shortages.
- Frederick Taylor, known as the "father of scientific management," emphasized studying work methods for efficiency.
Major Theorists
- Peter Drucker provided the first modern handbook on management.
- Hugo Munsterberg is recognized as the "father of industrial psychology" for his studies on workplace behavior.
- Mary Parker Follett introduced integration concepts emphasizing collaboration between managers and employees.
Key Concepts in Management Theory
- Systems perspective analyzes interrelated components, including equipment and feedback mechanisms.
- Contingency viewpoint suggests that management approaches should vary depending on the individual and environmental context.
- Classical viewpoint focuses on efficient management systems, often neglecting human needs.
Importance of Management Functions
- Henri Fayol outlined major functions: planning, organizing, controlling, and leading.
- The behavioral management perspective underlines understanding and motivating human behavior in organizations.
Inputs and Outputs in Management
- Inputs include people, money, and equipment; outputs relate to employee satisfaction and finished products.
- Transformational processes convert inputs into new products or services.
Learning and Sustainable Development
- Learning organizations continuously create and transfer knowledge, adapting behaviors in response to new insights.
- Contemporary management approaches emphasize shared value and sustainable development, taking into account social and environmental impacts.
Hierarchy of Needs
- Maslow's hierarchy identifies motivation through five levels: physiological, safety, love, esteem, and self-actualization.
Quantitative Management
- Quantitative management applies statistical and analytical techniques to improve decision-making processes.
Perspectives on Management Characteristics
- Closed systems interact minimally with their environments, while open systems encourage external interactions for enhanced synergy.
- Theory X managers view employees as irresponsible, whereas Theory Y managers see them as capable of self-direction.
Issues with Classical Viewpoint
- The classical viewpoint has been criticized for its mechanistic view of humans as mere cogs in a machine and for overlooking human needs.
Organizational Values and Vision
- Understanding a company's mission and vision is critical before job interviews, as it aligns personal values with organizational goals.
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