Podcast
Questions and Answers
The information from the customer survey is a form of feedback.
The information from the customer survey is a form of feedback.
True
An open system continually interacts with its environment, receiving feedback from the outside.
An open system continually interacts with its environment, receiving feedback from the outside.
True
Right Office Equipment's continuous interaction with customers exemplifies an open system.
Right Office Equipment's continuous interaction with customers exemplifies an open system.
True
In a fixed-learning system, company employees participate in continuous learning more often than in organizations with an open system.
In a fixed-learning system, company employees participate in continuous learning more often than in organizations with an open system.
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The contingency viewpoint emphasizes that a manager's approach should vary according to costs and competition.
The contingency viewpoint emphasizes that a manager's approach should vary according to costs and competition.
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Amy is utilizing the scientific management approach when asking a manager what management method will work best in a situation.
Amy is utilizing the scientific management approach when asking a manager what management method will work best in a situation.
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Gary Hamel suggests core beliefs about an organization can be changed by asking the right questions.
Gary Hamel suggests core beliefs about an organization can be changed by asking the right questions.
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Quality refers to the total ability of a product or service to meet customer needs.
Quality refers to the total ability of a product or service to meet customer needs.
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Quality is seen as an important way of adding value to products and services.
Quality is seen as an important way of adding value to products and services.
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The strategy of minimizing errors by testing all items in production is known as synergy.
The strategy of minimizing errors by testing all items in production is known as synergy.
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Quality assurance focuses on urging employees to strive for 'minimal defects.'
Quality assurance focuses on urging employees to strive for 'minimal defects.'
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W. Edwards Deming and Joseph M. Juran were pioneers of the quality management movement.
W. Edwards Deming and Joseph M. Juran were pioneers of the quality management movement.
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Organizations using Total Quality Management (TQM) prioritize continuous improvement and listening to customers.
Organizations using Total Quality Management (TQM) prioritize continuous improvement and listening to customers.
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A learning organization develops new knowledge, sharing it to modify behavior.
A learning organization develops new knowledge, sharing it to modify behavior.
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The five ingredients of a learning organization are acquiring knowledge, training, studying knowledge, pondering, and monitoring employees.
The five ingredients of a learning organization are acquiring knowledge, training, studying knowledge, pondering, and monitoring employees.
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To develop a learning organization, managers must encourage a commitment to learning.
To develop a learning organization, managers must encourage a commitment to learning.
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The foundational principles that there are few new ideas and that true is better than new belong to ___.
The foundational principles that there are few new ideas and that true is better than new belong to ___.
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Sally's reliance on Don for insights reflects her use of _____ management.
Sally's reliance on Don for insights reflects her use of _____ management.
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The historical perspective includes three viewpoints: ___.
The historical perspective includes three viewpoints: ___.
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Greg utilizes a _______ perspective with inputs, outputs, transformation processes, and feedback.
Greg utilizes a _______ perspective with inputs, outputs, transformation processes, and feedback.
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Tammy sees bureaucracy as a _____.
Tammy sees bureaucracy as a _____.
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The approach that emphasizes managing work efficiently is the ___ viewpoint.
The approach that emphasizes managing work efficiently is the ___ viewpoint.
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Rene's rational approach reflects the essence of the ____ viewpoint.
Rene's rational approach reflects the essence of the ____ viewpoint.
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Greg's need to understand human actions reflects the ____ viewpoint.
Greg's need to understand human actions reflects the ____ viewpoint.
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The behavioral viewpoint developed through various phases: _____.
The behavioral viewpoint developed through various phases: _____.
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Hugo Munsterberg is known as the _____.
Hugo Munsterberg is known as the _____.
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Thomas believes psychologists can contribute to industry by _____.
Thomas believes psychologists can contribute to industry by _____.
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One of ______'s proposals is that organizations should operate as 'communities.'
One of ______'s proposals is that organizations should operate as 'communities.'
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Mary Parker Follett anticipated concepts like _____.
Mary Parker Follett anticipated concepts like _____.
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The Hawthorne effect proposes that _____.
The Hawthorne effect proposes that _____.
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Management is really just an art.
Management is really just an art.
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Supporters of evidence-based management would say there are many really new ideas.
Supporters of evidence-based management would say there are many really new ideas.
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Evidence-based management helps organizations perform better by accepting the nonsense that passes for sound advice.
Evidence-based management helps organizations perform better by accepting the nonsense that passes for sound advice.
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Peter Drucker was a famous 19th-century socialist who opposed capitalism.
Peter Drucker was a famous 19th-century socialist who opposed capitalism.
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The contemporary perspective of management includes three viewpoints: systems, contingency, and quality management.
The contemporary perspective of management includes three viewpoints: systems, contingency, and quality management.
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The historical perspective of management includes three viewpoints: classical, behavioral, and quantitative.
The historical perspective of management includes three viewpoints: classical, behavioral, and quantitative.
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Understanding theoretical perspectives of management helps you understand why some practices are still favored.
Understanding theoretical perspectives of management helps you understand why some practices are still favored.
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Studying theoretical perspectives of management seldom provides new ideas for new situations.
Studying theoretical perspectives of management seldom provides new ideas for new situations.
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Ali, a CEO, believes looking at theoretical perspectives can help develop principles for future strategies.
Ali, a CEO, believes looking at theoretical perspectives can help develop principles for future strategies.
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Donna believes studying theoretical perspectives does not give clues to outside events that may affect her company.
Donna believes studying theoretical perspectives does not give clues to outside events that may affect her company.
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The classical viewpoint of management emphasized ways to manage work more efficiently.
The classical viewpoint of management emphasized ways to manage work more efficiently.
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The behavioral viewpoint of management emphasized encouraging employees to work efficiently.
The behavioral viewpoint of management emphasized encouraging employees to work efficiently.
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The systems viewpoint regards organizations as systems of interrelated parts.
The systems viewpoint regards organizations as systems of interrelated parts.
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Scientific management focused on improving worker morale.
Scientific management focused on improving worker morale.
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Frank and Lillian Gilbreth used 'therbligs' to reduce motions and fatigue.
Frank and Lillian Gilbreth used 'therbligs' to reduce motions and fatigue.
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The classic viewpoint emphasizes finding ways to manage work more efficiently.
The classic viewpoint emphasizes finding ways to manage work more efficiently.
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Susan believes employee effort does not relate to benefits provided by the corporate office.
Susan believes employee effort does not relate to benefits provided by the corporate office.
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Motion studies established methods to enhance productivity based on the best practices of coworkers.
Motion studies established methods to enhance productivity based on the best practices of coworkers.
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The differential rate system suggested paying workers less when production increased.
The differential rate system suggested paying workers less when production increased.
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According to Fayol, the major functions of management include planning and controlling.
According to Fayol, the major functions of management include planning and controlling.
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Max Weber believed bureaucracy was irrational and inefficient.
Max Weber believed bureaucracy was irrational and inefficient.
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Bureaucracy now has negative associations like impersonality and red tape.
Bureaucracy now has negative associations like impersonality and red tape.
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The classical viewpoint does not consider global problems and goals.
The classical viewpoint does not consider global problems and goals.
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Carmakers have improved productivity using scientific methods and job specialization.
Carmakers have improved productivity using scientific methods and job specialization.
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The behavioral viewpoint emphasizes increasing diversity in management.
The behavioral viewpoint emphasizes increasing diversity in management.
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Ann studies human behavior to identify job suitability and improve workplace strategies.
Ann studies human behavior to identify job suitability and improve workplace strategies.
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Mary Parker Follett believed organizations should be under heavy management control.
Mary Parker Follett believed organizations should be under heavy management control.
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Don utilizes the Hawthorne effect by allowing less independence to employees.
Don utilizes the Hawthorne effect by allowing less independence to employees.
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The Hawthorne studies highlighted the importance of social factors in workplace productivity.
The Hawthorne studies highlighted the importance of social factors in workplace productivity.
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The human relations movement suggested that better rules could improve productivity.
The human relations movement suggested that better rules could improve productivity.
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Abraham Maslow claimed that all needs are equal in importance.
Abraham Maslow claimed that all needs are equal in importance.
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Umar, as a Theory X manager, views his young employees as responsible and ambitious.
Umar, as a Theory X manager, views his young employees as responsible and ambitious.
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Olde Manufacturing has used the behavioral approach because it is needed for practical use.
Olde Manufacturing has used the behavioral approach because it is needed for practical use.
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Behavioral science relies on past sales to develop forecasts regarding human behavior.
Behavioral science relies on past sales to develop forecasts regarding human behavior.
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Americans used British operations research models to efficiently deploy troops in 1941.
Americans used British operations research models to efficiently deploy troops in 1941.
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Quantitative management is solely about sales management theory.
Quantitative management is solely about sales management theory.
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Management science focuses on using behavioral techniques for problem solving.
Management science focuses on using behavioral techniques for problem solving.
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Operations management is focused on managing the production and delivery of products efficiently.
Operations management is focused on managing the production and delivery of products efficiently.
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Scientific management ensures efficient business operations through rational resource management.
Scientific management ensures efficient business operations through rational resource management.
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The just-in-time approach under lean management retrieves supplies only as needed.
The just-in-time approach under lean management retrieves supplies only as needed.
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A system is an organization's method for determining employee success.
A system is an organization's method for determining employee success.
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Outputs are the results produced by the organization.
Outputs are the results produced by the organization.
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The five parts of a system are inputs, outputs, transformational processes, and feedback.
The five parts of a system are inputs, outputs, transformational processes, and feedback.
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Study Notes
Management Perspectives
- Management encompasses both art and science, utilizing deliberate and systematic approaches to handle challenges.
- Evidence-based management emphasizes the importance of facing hard facts about practices rather than relying on flawed conventional wisdom.
- The contemporary perspective on management includes systems, contingency, and quality viewpoints.
Historical Management Theories
- Historical management perspectives consist of classical, behavioral, and quantitative viewpoints.
- Classical management aims to manage work efficiently; it includes scientific and administrative management branches.
- Behavioral management emphasizes understanding human behavior and motivating employees.
Key Figures and Contributions
- Peter Drucker is known as the creator of modern management and published "The Practice of Management."
- Frederick Taylor established scientific management, focusing on improving worker productivity through methodical work studies.
- Abraham Maslow proposed a hierarchy of needs, suggesting some needs must be prioritized over others.
Theories of Employee Motivation
- Theory X views workers as inherently lazy and irresponsible, while Theory Y presents an optimistic outlook that assumes workers are responsible and seek autonomy.
- The Hawthorne effect indicates that increased attention to employees can enhance their productivity.
Behavioral Science Approach
- Behavioral science incorporates various disciplines such as psychology and sociology to form management strategies based on scientific research.
- The human relations movement arose as a response to scientific management, advocating better human relations rather than just better procedures.
Operational Efficiency and Management Techniques
- Operations management focuses on optimizing the production and delivery of goods and services efficiently.
- The just-in-time approach within lean management minimizes inventory by obtaining supplies only as needed.
Systems Theory in Management
- Systems are composed of interrelated parts working toward a common purpose, encompassing inputs, outputs, transformational processes, and feedback.
- Open systems engage continuously with the external environment to gather feedback, contrasting with closed systems that have minimal interaction.
Summary of Feedback Mechanisms
- Feedback is crucial for organizations to assess customer satisfaction and improve products or services.
- Continuous learning within organizations supports adaptability and development, essential in thriving environments.
Misconceptions in Management Practices
- Misunderstanding the importance of human behavior or over-relying on outdated practices can hinder effective management strategies.
- Classical management's mechanistic viewpoint can overlook the importance of employee needs and motivation, which are addressed in behavioral theories.
Overall Themes
- Effective management integrates various perspectives, historical contexts, and theories to create a holistic approach that adapts to contemporary challenges.
- Understanding these principles aids managers in making informed decisions that foster efficiency and enhance employee satisfaction.### Management Concepts and Theories
- Open systems focus on feedback from various environmental factors for ongoing learning and mistake correction.
- The contingency viewpoint asserts that management approaches must adapt based on individual and environmental circumstances rather than just costs or competition.
- A manager utilizing the contingency viewpoint assesses the best method tailored to specific situations rather than a standard management method.
Quality and Management
- Core beliefs within organizations can be challenged by asking insightful questions as suggested by Gary Hamel.
- Quality represents a product's total ability to meet customer needs and is vital for adding value and differentiating from competitors.
- W. Edwards Deming and Joseph M. Juran are pioneers of the quality-management movement, advocating for continuous improvement and customer feedback.
Learning Organizations
- A learning organization regularly acquires and shares knowledge among employees, adapting behavior based on new insights.
- Key components of a learning organization include creating/acquiring knowledge, transferring knowledge, and modifying behavior.
- A commitment to learning and generating impactful ideas is essential for developing a learning organization.
Evidence-Based Management
- Evidence-based management relies on foundational principles that advocate for challenging traditional beliefs and valuing proven practices.
- Management problems are often approached through discussion with experienced employees, reflecting evidence-based management practices.
Historical Perspectives of Management
- The historical perspective on management encompasses classical, behavioral, and quantitative viewpoints.
- Classical management emphasizes efficiency in managing work through scientific methods and job specialization.
- The behavioral viewpoint is crucial in understanding employee motivation and human interactions within organizations.
Key Figures in Management
- Frederick W. Taylor is recognized as the father of scientific management for advocating efficiency and time-motion studies.
- Hugo Munsterberg is considered the father of industrial psychology, promoting psychology's role in increasing productivity.
Organizational Behavior and Employee Motivation
- Soldiering occurs when employees reduce their effort, often as a reaction to perceived unfairness in company policies.
- Effective management practices to combat soldiering include careful worker selection and comprehensive training.
- Behavior-driven management styles focus on understanding and motivating employees to achieve organizational goals.
Management Functions and Structure
- Core management functions include planning, organizing, leading, and controlling to achieve corporate goals.
- Bureaucratic management, as proposed by Max Weber, is seen as a rational and efficient organization operating on logical principles.
Innovative Management Approaches
- Mary Parker Follett emphasized community-like operations in organizations, suggesting harmony between managers and subordinates.
- Concepts such as self-managed teams and worker empowerment foreshadowed by Follett are increasingly relevant in modern management practices.
Employee Engagement
- The Hawthorne effect illustrates that increased employee attention from management can lead to improved productivity, highlighting the importance of nurturing employee relations.
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Description
Test your knowledge of key concepts from Management Chapter 2 with these flashcards. This quiz covers critical definitions and perspectives on management as both an art and a science. Challenge your understanding and reinforce your learning!
