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What event prompted the Mexican-American War?
What event prompted the Mexican-American War?
What did Mexico cede to the United States as a result of the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo?
What did Mexico cede to the United States as a result of the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo?
Which US president was in office during the Mexican-American War?
Which US president was in office during the Mexican-American War?
What was the purpose of the Gadsden Purchase in 1854?
What was the purpose of the Gadsden Purchase in 1854?
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What amount did the United States agree to pay for the northern third of Mexico?
What amount did the United States agree to pay for the northern third of Mexico?
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What was the primary role of the Fugitive Slave Act in relation to runaways?
What was the primary role of the Fugitive Slave Act in relation to runaways?
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What types of communities did abolitionist activists work to create in response to the Fugitive Slave Act?
What types of communities did abolitionist activists work to create in response to the Fugitive Slave Act?
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How did Harriet Tubman's experiences contribute to her mystique as a leader?
How did Harriet Tubman's experiences contribute to her mystique as a leader?
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What was the main impact of the Fugitive Slave Act on the Underground Railroad?
What was the main impact of the Fugitive Slave Act on the Underground Railroad?
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Which of the following is true regarding Harriet Tubman's birth and family background?
Which of the following is true regarding Harriet Tubman's birth and family background?
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How did the Black and abolitionist communities react to the Fugitive Slave Act?
How did the Black and abolitionist communities react to the Fugitive Slave Act?
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What condition did Harriet Tubman suffer from that influenced her life and perception?
What condition did Harriet Tubman suffer from that influenced her life and perception?
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What nickname was Harriet Tubman often referred to, highlighting her role in guiding people to freedom?
What nickname was Harriet Tubman often referred to, highlighting her role in guiding people to freedom?
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Who introduced the resolutions that became the Compromise of 1850?
Who introduced the resolutions that became the Compromise of 1850?
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What was one key component of the Compromise of 1850 regarding California?
What was one key component of the Compromise of 1850 regarding California?
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What did the Fugitive Slave Act of 1850 require from law enforcement in free states?
What did the Fugitive Slave Act of 1850 require from law enforcement in free states?
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What was the purpose of the Wilmot Proviso during the discussions of the Compromise of 1850?
What was the purpose of the Wilmot Proviso during the discussions of the Compromise of 1850?
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Which significant political event followed the Compromise of 1850 related to California?
Which significant political event followed the Compromise of 1850 related to California?
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How did the Compromise of 1850 reflect the sectional tensions in the United States?
How did the Compromise of 1850 reflect the sectional tensions in the United States?
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Which law was strengthened by the Compromise of 1850 to enforce the return of self-emancipated Black people?
Which law was strengthened by the Compromise of 1850 to enforce the return of self-emancipated Black people?
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What was prohibited regarding the trade of enslaved Black people as a result of the Compromise of 1850?
What was prohibited regarding the trade of enslaved Black people as a result of the Compromise of 1850?
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What was the main purpose of the Freedmen’s Bureau established in March 1865?
What was the main purpose of the Freedmen’s Bureau established in March 1865?
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What significant action did President Andrew Johnson take regarding Special Field Order 15?
What significant action did President Andrew Johnson take regarding Special Field Order 15?
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Which event marks the beginning of Presidential Reconstruction?
Which event marks the beginning of Presidential Reconstruction?
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What were Black Codes primarily designed to do during the Reconstruction era?
What were Black Codes primarily designed to do during the Reconstruction era?
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Who was the head of the Freedmen’s Bureau after its establishment?
Who was the head of the Freedmen’s Bureau after its establishment?
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Which amendment abolished slavery in the United States?
Which amendment abolished slavery in the United States?
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What characterized the Radical Reconstruction period?
What characterized the Radical Reconstruction period?
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What was one of Andrew Johnson's notable political affiliations?
What was one of Andrew Johnson's notable political affiliations?
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What was one of Harriet Tubman's notable accomplishments during her time on the Underground Railroad?
What was one of Harriet Tubman's notable accomplishments during her time on the Underground Railroad?
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Who referred to Harriet Tubman as 'Moses'?
Who referred to Harriet Tubman as 'Moses'?
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What risk did Harriet Tubman face in her efforts to rescue her parents?
What risk did Harriet Tubman face in her efforts to rescue her parents?
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What was the total reward offered for Harriet Tubman's capture?
What was the total reward offered for Harriet Tubman's capture?
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What was the primary goal of Benjamin Drew's work, 'A North-Side View of Slavery'?
What was the primary goal of Benjamin Drew's work, 'A North-Side View of Slavery'?
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How did Samuel Cartwright's work contribute to the pro-slavery argument?
How did Samuel Cartwright's work contribute to the pro-slavery argument?
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During which event did Harriet Tubman publicly speak about her experiences as a conductor on the Underground Railroad?
During which event did Harriet Tubman publicly speak about her experiences as a conductor on the Underground Railroad?
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What was Harriet Beecher Stowe's purpose in writing 'Uncle Tom's Cabin'?
What was Harriet Beecher Stowe's purpose in writing 'Uncle Tom's Cabin'?
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Study Notes
### Mexican American War
- In 1845, Texas joined the United States.
- The United States attempted to purchase New Mexico and California from Mexico but was unsuccessful.
- The Mexican-American War took place between 1846 and 1848.
- In 1848, the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo ended the war.
- Mexico ceded 55% of its territory, including parts of Arizona, California, New Mexico, Texas, Colorado, Nevada, and Utah, to the United States.
- In 1854, the Gadsden Purchase added more territory to the US.
- The US paid Mexico $15 million for the land and assumed up to $3.25 million in claims by its citizens against the Mexican government.
### Compromise of 1850
- The Compromise of 1850 was a collection of five laws passed in September 1850 specifically to address the issue of slavery.
- The Compromise was prompted by California’s request for admission to the Union as a free state.
- Kentucky Senator Henry Clay introduced the resolutions that formed the Compromise of 1850.
- The Compromise included:
- California was admitted as a free state.
- The slave trade was banned in the District of Columbia.
- A stronger version of the Fugitive Slave Law was enacted.
- The status of Utah Territory and New Mexico Territory was determined by popular sovereignty.
Compromise of 1850 - The Fugitive Slave Act
- The Fugitive Slave Act of 1850 required law enforcement and citizens in free states to capture and return runaway slaves.
- The act penalized those who aided runaway slaves.
- The act attempted to dismantle the network of abolitionist activists in the Underground Railroad.
### Harriet Tubman
- Harriet Tubman, born Araminta “Minty” Ross, was born into slavery around 1822 in Dorchester County, Maryland.
- She was enslaved by several families, including the Pattisons, the Thompsons, the Stewarts, and the Brodesses.
- Tubman suffered from temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) after being knocked unconscious by a white enslaver, resulting in seizures and visions.
- She connected these episodes to her relationship with God and spirituality.
- Tubman married John Tubman, a free Black man, in 1844.
- She rescued her parents and other enslaved people from Maryland and brought them to Canada through the Underground Railroad.
- Tubman was known as “Moses,” a reference to the biblical figure who led the Israelites out of slavery.
- Enslavers offered a $12,000 reward for Tubman’s capture.
- Tubman said, “I was conductor of the Underground Railroad for eight years, and I can say what most conductors can't say – I never ran my train off the track and I never lost a passenger.”
### Harriet Tubman - Brief Historiography
- Benjamin Drew’s ‘A North-Side View of Slavery’ (1855) includes Tubman’s narrative.
- Drew’s work countered pro-slavery narratives, like George Fitzhugh’s ‘Sociology for the South’ and Nehemiah Adams’ ‘A Southside View of Slavery.
### Reconstruction
- Reconstruction lasted from 1865 to 1877.
- The period can be divided into three phases:
- Presidential Reconstruction (1865-1867)
- Radical Reconstruction (1867-1873)
- Liberal Reconstruction (1873-1877)
Presidential Reconstruction 1865-1867
- In January 1865, William T. Sherman issued Special Field Order No. 15, which confiscated land along the South Carolina and Florida coasts.
- The Freedmen’s Bureau was established in March 1865 to help formerly enslaved Black people and poor whites in the South.
- Lincoln was assassinated in April 1865 and Andrew Johnson became president.
- Johnson dismantled the Special Field Order through the Freedmen’s Bureau.
### Reconstruction 1863 - 1877
- Reconstruction was the period of national rebuilding after the Civil War.
- It involved the reintegration of the Southern states into the Union and the process of extending citizenship and rights to Black Americans.
### Presidential Reconstruction 1865-1867
- Johnson became president in 1865 after Lincoln’s assassination.
- Johnson’s reconstruction plan prioritized the restoration of Southern states without requiring substantial changes to their social or political systems.
### Presidential Reconstruction 1865 -1867
- The 13th, 14th, and 15th Amendments were passed.
- The 13th Amendment abolished slavery.
- The 14th Amendment granted citizenship to all persons born or naturalized in the United States. - The 15th Amendment prohibited states from denying or abridging the right to vote on account of race, color, or previous condition of servitude.
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Description
This quiz covers key events of the Mexican-American War, including the annexation of Texas and the 1848 Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo. It also explores the Compromise of 1850, a collection of laws addressing the issue of slavery and its impact on California's statehood. Test your knowledge of these significant historical events.