Mexican American War and Compromise of 1850
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Questions and Answers

What event prompted the Mexican-American War?

  • The rejection of the US offer to purchase Mexico.
  • The imposition of the Fugitive Slave Act.
  • The discovery of gold in California.
  • The annexation of Texas by the US. (correct)
  • What did Mexico cede to the United States as a result of the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo?

  • Florida and New Mexico
  • Arizona and Louisiana
  • 55 percent of its territory (correct)
  • California and Texas only
  • Which US president was in office during the Mexican-American War?

  • Zachary Taylor
  • James Polk (correct)
  • James Buchanan
  • Abraham Lincoln
  • What was the purpose of the Gadsden Purchase in 1854?

    <p>To acquire territory for the expansion of slavery</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What amount did the United States agree to pay for the northern third of Mexico?

    <p>$15 million</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the primary role of the Fugitive Slave Act in relation to runaways?

    <p>It mandated that the public assist in the capture of runaways.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What types of communities did abolitionist activists work to create in response to the Fugitive Slave Act?

    <p>Sanctuary cities and safe spaces</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How did Harriet Tubman's experiences contribute to her mystique as a leader?

    <p>She had mystical experiences tied to her epilepsy.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the main impact of the Fugitive Slave Act on the Underground Railroad?

    <p>It dismantled the interracial networks of antislavery advocates.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is true regarding Harriet Tubman's birth and family background?

    <p>Her father was enslaved but later manumitted.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How did the Black and abolitionist communities react to the Fugitive Slave Act?

    <p>They were outraged and protested against the law.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What condition did Harriet Tubman suffer from that influenced her life and perception?

    <p>Temporal lobe epilepsy.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What nickname was Harriet Tubman often referred to, highlighting her role in guiding people to freedom?

    <p>The Black Joan of Arc</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who introduced the resolutions that became the Compromise of 1850?

    <p>Henry Clay</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was one key component of the Compromise of 1850 regarding California?

    <p>California was admitted as a free state.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What did the Fugitive Slave Act of 1850 require from law enforcement in free states?

    <p>It required law enforcement to support the capture of enslaved people.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the purpose of the Wilmot Proviso during the discussions of the Compromise of 1850?

    <p>To outlaw slavery in the new territories.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which significant political event followed the Compromise of 1850 related to California?

    <p>The election of John C. Frémont as the first presidential nominee of the Republican Party.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How did the Compromise of 1850 reflect the sectional tensions in the United States?

    <p>It highlighted the growing divide and sectional politics.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which law was strengthened by the Compromise of 1850 to enforce the return of self-emancipated Black people?

    <p>The Fugitive Slave Law of 1793</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was prohibited regarding the trade of enslaved Black people as a result of the Compromise of 1850?

    <p>The trade in enslaved Black people was banned in the District of Columbia.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the main purpose of the Freedmen’s Bureau established in March 1865?

    <p>To support newly freed Black people and poor whites</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What significant action did President Andrew Johnson take regarding Special Field Order 15?

    <p>He dismantled it through the Freedmen’s Bureau</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which event marks the beginning of Presidential Reconstruction?

    <p>The assassination of Abraham Lincoln</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What were Black Codes primarily designed to do during the Reconstruction era?

    <p>Reinforce racial segregation and control over Black labor</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who was the head of the Freedmen’s Bureau after its establishment?

    <p>O.O. Howard</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which amendment abolished slavery in the United States?

    <p>13th Amendment</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What characterized the Radical Reconstruction period?

    <p>It was marked by the leadership of radical members of Congress</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was one of Andrew Johnson's notable political affiliations?

    <p>War Democrat</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was one of Harriet Tubman's notable accomplishments during her time on the Underground Railroad?

    <p>She never lost a passenger throughout her work.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who referred to Harriet Tubman as 'Moses'?

    <p>The Black communities for her role in emancipation.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What risk did Harriet Tubman face in her efforts to rescue her parents?

    <p>Legal repercussions under the Fugitive Slave Law.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the total reward offered for Harriet Tubman's capture?

    <p>$12,000</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the primary goal of Benjamin Drew's work, 'A North-Side View of Slavery'?

    <p>To collect and disseminate testimonials of formerly enslaved individuals.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How did Samuel Cartwright's work contribute to the pro-slavery argument?

    <p>He introduced the concept of 'drapetomania' to characterize the desire for freedom.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    During which event did Harriet Tubman publicly speak about her experiences as a conductor on the Underground Railroad?

    <p>A women's suffrage meeting in Rochester, NY.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was Harriet Beecher Stowe's purpose in writing 'Uncle Tom's Cabin'?

    <p>To provide a fictional account that highlighted the horrors of slavery.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    ### Mexican American War

    • In 1845, Texas joined the United States.
    • The United States attempted to purchase New Mexico and California from Mexico but was unsuccessful.
    • The Mexican-American War took place between 1846 and 1848.
    • In 1848, the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo ended the war.
    • Mexico ceded 55% of its territory, including parts of Arizona, California, New Mexico, Texas, Colorado, Nevada, and Utah, to the United States.
    • In 1854, the Gadsden Purchase added more territory to the US.
    • The US paid Mexico $15 million for the land and assumed up to $3.25 million in claims by its citizens against the Mexican government.

    ### Compromise of 1850

    • The Compromise of 1850 was a collection of five laws passed in September 1850 specifically to address the issue of slavery.
    • The Compromise was prompted by California’s request for admission to the Union as a free state.
    • Kentucky Senator Henry Clay introduced the resolutions that formed the Compromise of 1850.
    • The Compromise included:
      • California was admitted as a free state.
      • The slave trade was banned in the District of Columbia.
      • A stronger version of the Fugitive Slave Law was enacted.
      • The status of Utah Territory and New Mexico Territory was determined by popular sovereignty.

    Compromise of 1850 - The Fugitive Slave Act

    • The Fugitive Slave Act of 1850 required law enforcement and citizens in free states to capture and return runaway slaves.
    • The act penalized those who aided runaway slaves.
    • The act attempted to dismantle the network of abolitionist activists in the Underground Railroad.

    ### Harriet Tubman

    • Harriet Tubman, born Araminta “Minty” Ross, was born into slavery around 1822 in Dorchester County, Maryland.
    • She was enslaved by several families, including the Pattisons, the Thompsons, the Stewarts, and the Brodesses.
    • Tubman suffered from temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) after being knocked unconscious by a white enslaver, resulting in seizures and visions.
    • She connected these episodes to her relationship with God and spirituality.
    • Tubman married John Tubman, a free Black man, in 1844.
    • She rescued her parents and other enslaved people from Maryland and brought them to Canada through the Underground Railroad.
    • Tubman was known as “Moses,” a reference to the biblical figure who led the Israelites out of slavery.
    • Enslavers offered a $12,000 reward for Tubman’s capture.
    • Tubman said, “I was conductor of the Underground Railroad for eight years, and I can say what most conductors can't say – I never ran my train off the track and I never lost a passenger.”

    ### Harriet Tubman - Brief Historiography

    • Benjamin Drew’s ‘A North-Side View of Slavery’ (1855) includes Tubman’s narrative.
    • Drew’s work countered pro-slavery narratives, like George Fitzhugh’s ‘Sociology for the South’ and Nehemiah Adams’ ‘A Southside View of Slavery.

    ### Reconstruction

    • Reconstruction lasted from 1865 to 1877.
    • The period can be divided into three phases:
      • Presidential Reconstruction (1865-1867)
      • Radical Reconstruction (1867-1873)
      • Liberal Reconstruction (1873-1877)

    Presidential Reconstruction 1865-1867

    • In January 1865, William T. Sherman issued Special Field Order No. 15, which confiscated land along the South Carolina and Florida coasts.
    • The Freedmen’s Bureau was established in March 1865 to help formerly enslaved Black people and poor whites in the South.
    • Lincoln was assassinated in April 1865 and Andrew Johnson became president.
    • Johnson dismantled the Special Field Order through the Freedmen’s Bureau.

    ### Reconstruction 1863 - 1877

    • Reconstruction was the period of national rebuilding after the Civil War.
    • It involved the reintegration of the Southern states into the Union and the process of extending citizenship and rights to Black Americans.

    ###  Presidential Reconstruction 1865-1867

    • Johnson became president in 1865 after Lincoln’s assassination.
    • Johnson’s reconstruction plan prioritized the restoration of Southern states without requiring substantial changes to their social or political systems.

    ### Presidential Reconstruction 1865 -1867

    - The 13th, 14th, and 15th Amendments were passed.

    • The 13th Amendment abolished slavery.
    • The 14th Amendment granted citizenship to all persons born or naturalized in the United States. -  The 15th Amendment prohibited states from denying or abridging the right to vote on account of race, color, or previous condition of servitude.

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    Description

    This quiz covers key events of the Mexican-American War, including the annexation of Texas and the 1848 Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo. It also explores the Compromise of 1850, a collection of laws addressing the issue of slavery and its impact on California's statehood. Test your knowledge of these significant historical events.

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