Metastasis Process and Routes Quiz
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Questions and Answers

What is dysplasia?

  • A disorderly growth of epithelium confined to the epithelium (correct)
  • A malignant neoplasm arising from glandular epithelium
  • A marked neoplastic proliferation of connective tissue
  • A benign neoplasm most often arising from surface epithelium

Which statement best describes papilloma?

  • Characterized by finger-like epithelial processes overlying a core of connective tissue (correct)
  • Composed of delicate adenomatous papillary processes extending into cystic spaces
  • Arises from glandular epithelium with a glandular pattern
  • Arises from transitional epithelium of the urinary bladder

What distinguishes adenoma among benign neoplasms?

  • Consists of adipose tissue and blood vessels
  • Presence of dense fibrous tissue
  • Mainly composed of smooth muscle cells
  • Has a glandular pattern or arises from glandular epithelium (correct)

Which fundamental change is required for malignancy according to the text?

<p>Evasion of apoptosis (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which tumor is the most common neoplasm in women?

<p>Uterine leiomyoma or fibroid tumor (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of checkpoint controls in the cell cycle?

<p>Prevent cell cycle progression (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How are CDKs regulated during G1 phase of the cell cycle?

<p>Suppressed by various mechanisms (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What leads to sustained angiogenesis in cancer cells?

<p>Loss of tumor suppressor gene function (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which class of agents require metabolic conversion to become carcinogens?

<p>Chemicals (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which route is preferential for metastasis in sarcomas?

<p>Blood vessels (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the first node that receives lymph from a primary tumor in carcinomas?

<p>Sentinel lymph node (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are examples of direct-acting chemical carcinogens?

<p>Alkylating agents (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main cause of cancer cachexia described in the text?

<p>Release of cytokines (TNF) (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which system is used for clinical assessment of the degree of localization or spread of a tumor?

<p>TNM system (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does grading in cancer evaluation involve according to the text?

<p>Evaluation of cellular differentiation (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which condition may mimic metastatic disease and lead to confusion in treatment?

<p>Polycythemia (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a characteristic feature of cancer cachexia as described in the text?

<p>Progressive loss of body fat and lean body mass (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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