Metabolism: Catabolic and Anabolic Reactions Overview
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Questions and Answers

What type of reactions are involved in metabolism?

  • Both catabolic and anabolic reactions (correct)
  • Only catabolic reactions
  • Only anabolic reactions
  • Neither catabolic nor anabolic reactions
  • Where is excess glucose stored in the body?

  • In the brain
  • In the skin
  • In the liver and skeletal muscle as glycogen (correct)
  • In the lungs
  • Which molecule provides more ATP, glucose, or triglycerides?

  • Neither glucose nor triglycerides provide ATP
  • Both provide the same amount of ATP
  • Triglycerides (correct)
  • Glucose
  • What happens to excess proteins in the body during starvation mode?

    <p>They are broken down into amino acids for energy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What can glucose intermediates be used to make in different tissues?

    <p>Glycerol, fatty acids, or certain amino acids based on tissue enzymes expressed</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Glucose from complex carbohydrates is primarily used for energy storage in the liver and skeletal muscle.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Proteins are broken down into fatty acids during protein synthesis.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Glycogen is broken down into glucose for energy storage in the liver and skeletal muscle.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Triglycerides provide less ATP than glucose when broken down into glycerol and fatty acids.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Excess proteins are directly used for energy production in the body during normal metabolic conditions.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Triglycerides from fats can be broken down into glycerol and fatty acids for ______ storage

    <p>energy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Proteins are broken down into amino acids for protein ______

    <p>synthesis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Excess glucose can be stored as ______ through an anabolic reaction in the liver and skeletal muscle

    <p>glycogen</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Glucose intermediates can be used to make glycerol, fatty acids, or even converted into certain amino acids in different ______ depending on the enzymes expressed

    <p>tissues</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Glucose from complex carbohydrates like starch is broken down in the digestive system, absorbed into the blood, and used for cellular respiration to produce ______

    <p>ATP</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following with their correct descriptions:

    <p>Catabolic reactions = Involve breakdown of molecules Cellular respiration = Uses glucose to produce ATP Triglycerides = Provide significantly more ATP than glucose Protein synthesis = Involves breaking down proteins into amino acids</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following with their correct roles in metabolism:

    <p>Anabolic reactions = Involve building of molecules Glycogen = Stored as excess glucose in the liver and skeletal muscle Amino acids = Broken down from excess proteins for energy in starvation mode Glucose intermediates = Can be used to make glycerol, fatty acids, or certain amino acids in different tissues</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following with their correct functions in the body:

    <p>ATP production = Result of cellular respiration using glucose Energy storage = Function of storing excess glucose as glycogen or breaking down triglycerides Protein breakdown = Process of breaking down proteins into amino acids for various uses Glucose breakdown = Conversion of complex carbohydrates like starch into usable energy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following nutrient breakdown products with their sources:

    <p>Glycerol and fatty acids = Breakdown products of triglycerides from fats Amino acids = Result of breaking down proteins for energy or protein synthesis Glucose intermediates = Can be used to make glycerol, fatty acids, or certain amino acids in different tissues Glucose from complex carbohydrates = Broken down in the digestive system for energy production</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following metabolic pathways with their outcomes:

    <p>Excess glucose storage = Anabolic reaction forming glycogen in the liver and skeletal muscle Protein catabolism = Breaking down proteins into amino acids for energy during starvation mode Triglyceride breakdown = Provides significantly more ATP than glucose for energy storage Glucose intermediates utilization = Conversion into glycerol, fatty acids, or certain amino acids based on tissue-specific enzyme expression</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    • Metabolism involves catabolic reactions (breakdown of molecules) and anabolic reactions (building of molecules) in the body.
    • Glucose from complex carbohydrates like starch is broken down in the digestive system, absorbed into the blood, and used for cellular respiration to produce ATP.
    • Excess glucose can be stored as glycogen through an anabolic reaction in the liver and skeletal muscle.
    • Triglycerides from fats can be broken down into glycerol and fatty acids for energy storage, with triglycerides providing significantly more ATP than glucose.
    • Proteins are broken down into amino acids for protein synthesis, with excess proteins broken down into amino acids for energy in starvation mode.
    • Glucose intermediates can be used to make glycerol, fatty acids, or even converted into certain amino acids in different tissues depending on the enzymes expressed.

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    Description

    Explore the concepts of catabolic and anabolic reactions in metabolism. Learn how glucose, triglycerides, and proteins are processed in the body for energy production, storage, and building molecules.

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