Biochemistry Module: Metabolism Overview

What is the end product of glycolysis in anaerobic conditions?

Which pathway produces ribose and reducing equivalents from glycolysis intermediates?

What component is required for synthesizing long-chain fatty acids?

During β-oxidation, what is acetyl-CoA primarily oxidized to?

What is the main caloric reserve of the body formed from fatty acids?

Which substance is formed in the liver from acetyl-CoA and serves as a precursor for ketone bodies?

Which type of amino acids must be supplied specifically in the diet?

What process allows tissues to utilize oxygen for complete metabolism of pyruvate?

What is the main purpose of catabolism?

Which stage of catabolism involves the conversion of complex molecules to their building blocks?

During which stage of catabolism is a small amount of energy captured as ATP?

What is the primary metabolic function of the liver concerning metabolites?

Which metabolic pathway is involved in the final oxidation of energy-rich molecules?

After deamination of amino acids, what compound is formed from excess amino nitrogen?

What is the primary reaction type that occurs during anabolism?

Which of the following intermediates is NOT a starting material for anabolic reactions?

Which of the following statements about glycolysis is true?

Which metabolites share a common route of absorption via the hepatic portal vein?

What is necessary for anabolic reactions besides the availability of precursors?

Which of the following statements about metabolites is true?

What result occurs from the glycolytic breakdown of glucose in certain mammalian tissues?

What happens to excess glucose during the metabolic process in the liver?

Where does glycolysis primarily take place within a cell?

What process allows for the conversion of carbon skeletons remaining after transamination?

What is the role of ATP in the first step of glycolysis?

Which enzyme catalyzes the isomerization of glucose 6-phosphate to fructose 6-phosphate?

What compound is produced from the cleavage of fructose 1,6-bisphosphate?

In the pay-off phase of glycolysis, what is generated alongside ATP during the transfer from 1,3-bisphosphoglycerate?

What is the end product of glycolysis derived from glucose?

During which step of glycolysis does the first oxidation of glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate occur?

Which step of glycolysis involves the conversion of fructose 6-phosphate to fructose 1,6-bisphosphate?

What type of reaction does aldolase catalyze during glycolysis?

Glycolysis can only occur in the presence of oxygen.

Acetyl-CoA can be formed from the metabolism of fatty acids.

The pentose phosphate pathway provides ribose and reducing equivalents for the synthesis of nucleotides.

Pyruvate cannot be converted to acetyl-CoA in aerobic tissues.

Glycogen is predominantly stored in the liver and skeletal muscle as a source of glucose.

Fatty acid synthesis can only occur using lipid sources from the diet.

Amino acids are essential for protein synthesis and can be synthesized by the body.

Acetyl-CoA can be used to synthesize cholesterol in the liver.

Amino acids are only required for protein synthesis in the body.

Glycolysis occurs exclusively in the mitochondria of the cell.

Catabolism involves the formation of complex molecules from simpler precursors.

Acetyl-CoA is completely oxidized to CO2 in the final stage of catabolism.

Liver plays a key role in regulating blood glucose concentrations by converting excess glucose to glycogen.

Anabolism is a process that only occurs in the presence of reducing equivalents like NADH.

The glycolytic breakdown of glucose can be the sole source of metabolic energy for certain mammalian tissues.

During gluconeogenesis, carbon skeletons can be formed from amino acids.

The Krebs cycle accepts carbon compounds derived from carbohydrates, lipids, or proteins.

Excess amino nitrogen is eliminated through ammonium production in the body.

Metabolites can only refer to products of metabolic reactions.

Stage II of catabolism involves the complete degradation of building blocks to simple intermediates.

Metabolites absorbed via the hepatic portal vein are initially directed to the lungs.

Many anaerobic microorganisms rely solely on the process of oxidative phosphorylation for energy.

Catabolic reactions capture energy in the form of ATP during the breakdown of biomolecules.

Biosynthetic reactions in anabolism depend solely on the availability of ATP.

Glycolysis consists of eight steps in total.

Fructose 1,6-bisphosphate is cleaved into two triose phosphates.

The first step of glycolysis involves the transfer of a phosphoryl group from ADP to glucose.

The enzyme phosphoglycerate kinase is responsible for the oxidation of glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate.

One molecule of glucose yields two molecules of glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate in glycolysis.

The pay-off phase of glycolysis conserves free energy in the form of NADH.

Phosphofructokinase-1 catalyzes the isomerization of glucose 6-phosphate to fructose 6-phosphate.

Dihydroxyacetone phosphate is an aldose sugar.

What is the primary purpose of catabolism in metabolic processes?

During which stage of catabolism is pyruvate formed from building blocks?

What role does acetyl-CoA play in the metabolic processes?

Which of the following compounds can serve as starting materials for anabolic reactions?

What is a significant function of the Krebs cycle in cellular metabolism?

Which of the following statements about anabolic reactions is incorrect?

Which process is involved in the transformation of simple intermediates into building blocks?

What is formed from the carbon skeletons that remain after transamination?

Which amino acids are primarily supplied in the diet?

What occurs during the final oxidation of acetyl-CoA in metabolic pathways?

What metabolic function does the liver perform with excess glucose?

Which compound is a product of glycolysis?

What happens to amino nitrogen after deamination in the body?

Where does glycolysis occur within a cell?

What is the primary function of acetyl-CoA derived from β-oxidation?

Which type of tissues rely solely on glycolysis for metabolic energy?

What is a key role of the pentose phosphate pathway?

During starvation, what becomes an important source of energy?

Which of the following molecules can be derived from the intermediates of glycolysis?

What is the significance of the conversion of pyruvate to acetyl-CoA?

What is a primary source for fatty acid synthesis?

In which organ is acetoacetate formed, and what is its primary function?

Which molecule is primarily generated during the rapid phase of glycolysis?

What is the main purpose of glycogen in the body?

What is the first product formed from the phosphorylation of glucose in glycolysis?

Which enzyme catalyzes the conversion of glucose 6-phosphate to fructose 6-phosphate?

In the pay-off phase of glycolysis, what are the two molecules primarily formed from one glucose molecule?

What type of reaction occurs during Step 4 of glycolysis when fructose 1,6-bisphosphate is cleaved?

During the oxidation of glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate to 1,3-bisphosphoglycerate, what is released?

Which enzyme is responsible for transferring a phosphoryl group from 1,3-bisphosphoglycerate to ADP?

What is the purpose of the preparatory phase in glycolysis?

Which of the following accurately describes the inter-conversion of triose phosphates in glycolysis?