Mental Health Disorders Quiz
70 Questions
7 Views

Choose a study mode

Play Quiz
Study Flashcards
Spaced Repetition
Chat to lesson

Podcast

Play an AI-generated podcast conversation about this lesson

Questions and Answers

What is a characteristic symptom of Major Depressive Disorder?

  • History of manic behavior
  • Fixed mood swings
  • Loss of interest and pleasure in usual activities (correct)
  • Euphoric state

    • What is a key aspect of the nurse-client relationship in managing Bipolar Disorder?

  • Frequent medication adjustments
  • Utilizing communication techniques (correct)
  • Anticipatory guidance
  • Encouraging social isolation

    • Who determines the length of stay for a patient held involuntarily in a hospital?

  • Psychiatrist
  • Interdisciplinary team (correct)
  • Patient's family
  • Nurse practitioner

    • Which medication class is associated with Neuroleptic Malignant Syndrome (NMS)?

    <p>Antipsychotics</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is an example of maladaptive coping?

    <p>Denial of reality</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following disorders is NOT typically treated with antipsychotic medications?

    <p>Anxiety Disorder</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a characteristic of Somatic Symptom Disorder?

    <p>Unrealistic interpretation of physical symptoms or sensations</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common trait frequently accompanying Somatic Symptom Disorder?

    <p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a key feature of Conversion Disorder?

    <p>A loss of or change in body function that cannot be explained by any known medical disorder or pathophysiological mechanism</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary goal of individuals with Factitious Disorders?

    <p>To receive attention</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a characteristic of dissociative disorders?

    <p>Inability to recall important information</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for individuals who engage in self-induced symptoms?

    <p>Munchausen syndrome</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a characteristic of Hypochondriasis?

    <p>Unrealistic interpretation of physical symptoms or sensations</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the goal of treating a trigger in OCD?

    <p>To get rid of feelings and anxiety</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common symptom of Body Dysmorphic Disorder?

    <p>Exaggerated belief that the body is deformed</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common behavior of individuals with Hypochondriasis?

    <p>Frequent hospital visits</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a characteristic of the active psychotic phase of schizophrenia?

    <p>Positive symptoms such as hallucinations and delusions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a key feature of Obsessive Compulsive Disorder?

    <p>Ritualistic tasks and compulsions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is 'La belle indifference' associated with?

    <p>Conversion Disorder</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a nursing intervention for patients with dissociative disorders?

    <p>Providing safety and including family in therapy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary approach to assessing individuals with Factitious Disorders?

    <p>Open-ended questions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a characteristic of schizoaffective disorder?

    <p>Must have a secondary disorder</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a behavior you may anticipate seeing in a patient with acute anxiety?

    <p>Social withdrawal</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a sign and symptom of General Anxiety Disorder (GAD)?

    <p>Irritability</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a nursing intervention for patients with panic anxiety?

    <p>Decreasing the stimulation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the name of the fast-acting medication for anxiety?

    <p>Lorazepam</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common symptom of social anxiety?

    <p>Sweating</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary goal of flooding as an intervention for phobia?

    <p>To completely eliminate the phobic response in one session</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a characteristic of agoraphobia?

    <p>Fear of being in places or situations from which escape might be difficult</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common complication of Wernicke's encephalopathy?

    <p>Thiamine deficiency</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary goal of disulfiram in the treatment of substance use disorder?

    <p>To promote alcohol abstinence</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common symptom of opioid withdrawal?

    <p>Tachycardia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of genetics in substance use disorder?

    <p>A significant influence on the development of substance use disorder</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a priority nursing intervention for patients with substance use disorder?

    <p>Hydration and nutrition</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common feature of the residual phase of schizophrenia?

    <p>Flat affect and impairment in role functioning</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of delusion is characterized by a fixed, false belief about a medical condition?

    <p>Somatic</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a characteristic of brief psychotic disorder?

    <p>Evidence of impaired reality, such as incoherent speech and disorientation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a type of catatonic feature associated with brief psychotic disorder?

    <p>Waxy flexibility</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a characteristic of delusional disorder?

    <p>Delusions experienced for at least 1 month</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a characteristic of echoparesia?

    <p>Imitation of another's movements</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What percentage of clients who have family with alcohol abuse may experience anxiety disorders?

    <p>40-60%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which neurotransmitter is NOT impaired in Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD)?

    <p>EPI</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the first line treatment for Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD)?

    <p>SSRIs (paroxetine, fluoxetine, sertraline)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary goal of interventions in Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD)?

    <p>To assist patients in learning techniques to interrupt escalating anxiety</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary goal of treatment for individuals with Depersonalization-Derealization Disorder?

    <p>To provide a complete recovery</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the defining feature of Panic Disorder?

    <p>Feeling of terror or impending doom</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a characteristic of Depersonalization-Derealization Disorder?

    <p>A temporary change in the quality of self-awareness</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a predisposing factor for Depersonalization-Derealization Disorder?

    <p>Neuroanatomical brain dysfunction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary goal of systemic desensitization in the treatment of Phobia?

    <p>To gradually expose the patient to anxiety-provoking stimuli</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common symptom of Depersonalization-Derealization Disorder?

    <p>Fear of going insane</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary goal of therapy for individuals with Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD)?

    <p>To reduce anxiety associated with obsessive thoughts</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary difference between Anxiety Disorder due to another medical condition and substance/medication-induced anxiety disorder?

    <p>The presence of a substance or medication</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary goal of treatment in Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD)?

    <p>To assist patients in processing traumatic events</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the behavior of using illness to avoid stressful obligations or gain attention?

    <p>Primary gain</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a characteristic of Body Dysmorphic Disorder?

    <p>An exaggerated belief that the body is deformed</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary goal of therapy for individuals with Somatic Symptom Disorder?

    <p>To address psychosocial distress</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the distortion in the perception of external environment?

    <p>Derealization</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary characteristic of Acute Stress Disorder?

    <p>The inability to remember details of the trauma</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary feature of Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD)?

    <p>The presence of compulsions to perform rituals</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a characteristic of Illness Anxiety Disorder?

    <p>An unrealistic fear of having a serious disease</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a phase of Schizophrenia?

    <p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a characteristic of the Premorbid phase of Schizophrenia?

    <p>Social maladjustment</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary goal of therapy for individuals with Conversion Disorder?

    <p>To address underlying psychological stress</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a characteristic of Dissociative Amnesia?

    <p>An inability to recall important personal information</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a characteristic of the Active psychotic phase of Schizophrenia?

    <p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary goal of therapy for individuals with Dissociative Identity Disorder (DID)?

    <p>To collaborate among subpersonalities to improve functioning</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a nursing intervention for patients with dissociative disorders?

    <p>Promoting family/caregiver involvement</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a characteristic of Factitious Disorder?

    <p>A conscious, intentional feigning of physical and/or psychological symptoms</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary goal of nursing care for individuals with Conversion Disorder?

    <p>To deal with physical symptoms in a detached manner to avoid reinforcing secondary gain</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a characteristic of Dissociative Fugue?

    <p>A sudden, unexpected travel away from customary places with inability to recall some/all of one's past</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Mental Health Disorders

    • Major Depressive Disorder
      • Symptoms: loss of interest and pleasure in activities, no history of manic behavior, long-term
      • Part of every mental health disorder
    • Bipolar Disorder
      • Associated with increased mortality, mood swings from depression to euphoria (mania)
      • Nurse-client relationship: utilizing communication techniques like humor, bargaining, and honest feedback
    • Stress
      • Maladaptive coping: unable to satisfactorily progress through the stages of grieving to achieve resolution
      • Examples: psychological stress can impact medical conditions

    Somatic Symptom Disorders

    • Somatic Symptom Disorder
      • Symptoms: unrealistic interpretation of physical symptoms or sensations, extremely conscious of bodily sensations and changes
      • Anxiety and depression are common, obsessive-compulsive traits frequently accompany the disorder
    • Conversion Disorder
      • Symptoms: lack of patient concern over physiological changes, loss of function that cannot be explained by a known medical diagnosis
      • Unconsciously triggered, difficulty diagnosing
    • Factitious Disorders
      • Consciously feigning physical and/or psychological symptoms for attention
      • Secondary gain: attention, increased hospital visits, vague symptoms
    • Hypochondriasis
      • Unrealistic interpretation of physical symptoms or sensations, leading to preoccupation and fear of having a serious disease
      • Constant anxiety, frequent hospital visits

    Anxiety Disorders

    • Obsessive Compulsive Disorder
      • Ritualistic tasks and compulsions, unable to interrupt because they must start over
      • Treatment: explore triggers, treat the trigger to get rid of feelings and anxiety
    • Dissociative Disorders
      • Inability to recall important information, not directly caused by substance or neurological dysfunction
      • May not get back full memory, fugue, wandering, and inability to recall some or all of one's past
      • Treatment: family must be involved in therapy, provide safety
    • Dissociative Identity Disorders
      • Multiple personality disorder, split into multiple personalities to protect themselves
      • Common in schizoaffective, must have a secondary disorder
      • Nursing interventions: establish rapport and trust, prioritize!

    Schizophrenia

    • Phases
      • Social maladjustment (premorbid), prodromal, active psychotic, and residual
      • Symptoms: hallucinations, delusions, disorganized speech, movement disorders, negative symptoms like depression and lack of interest
    • Schizoaffective Disorder
      • Plan of care: safety, discharge planning, and evaluating outcomes
      • Nursing interventions: de-escalate, distract client, help client out of their own head and away from voices

    Anxiety Disorders (Cont.)

    • Acute Anxiety
      • Behaviors: social withdrawal
    • General Anxiety Disorder (GAD)
      • Symptoms: irritability, pacing, fatigue, insomnia, restlessness
    • Panic Anxiety
      • Symptoms: hyperventilation, insomnia, loss of reasoning, inability to concentrate, short of breath, chest pain
      • Nursing interventions: decrease stimulation, PRN medications (e.g., benzos), and leave client
    • Social Anxiety
      • Excessive fear of situations in which the affected person might do something embarrassing or be evaluated negatively by others
      • Symptoms: depression or fear, palpitations, social isolation, sweating, upset GI, nausea, muscle tension
      • Interventions to help patient cope: flooding, systematic desensitization, CBT, thought stopping
    • Phobia
      • Fear of going outside the home, leaving safety of personal space
      • Examples: traveling in public transportation, being in open spaces, shopping, and crowds

    Substance Use Disorder (SUD)

    • Wernicke's Encephalopathy
      • Pathophysiology: thiamine deficiency in alcoholic patients, vitamin B12 deficiency
      • Symptoms: muscle rigidity, decreased motor function, seizures
    • Treatment
      • Withdrawal (alcohol): disulfiram (Antabuse), benzodiazepines, anticonvulsant medications
      • Opioid: Narcan (naloxone)

    Key Terms

    • Malingering: creating situations to avoid having to deal with the reality of another situation### Compulsions and Rituals
    • Compulsions are repetitive, ritualistic behaviors or mental acts that an individual feels driven to perform to reduce anxiety associated with obsessive thoughts.
    • Rituals help relieve anxiety, give a sense of feeling and control over life, and increase self-concept.

    Medications

    • Antidepressants, SSRIs, Prozac, Zoloft, and Luvox are commonly used to treat anxiety and depression.
    • May require higher doses than what is effective for treating depression.

    Body Dysmorphic Disorder

    • Definition: Exaggerated belief that the body is deformed.
    • Symptoms:
      • Anorexia
      • Bulimia
      • OCD
      • Depression
      • Social isolation
      • Decreased sleep
      • Decreased appetite
      • Multiple surgeries to fix perceived flaws.
    • Treatment:
      • Therapy (group, individual, and family)
      • Medications (antidepressants)

    Somatic Symptom Disorder

    • Definition: Syndrome of multiple somatic symptoms that cannot be explained medically and are associated with psychosocial distress and frequent visits to healthcare professionals.
    • Characteristics:
      • Expressing heightened emotions
      • Seductiveness and strong dependency needs
      • Anxiety
    • Medication:
      • Antidepressants can treat pain.
    • Preoccupied with perceived physical symptoms rather than underlying psychosocial issues.

    Illness Anxiety Disorder (Hypochondriac)

    • Definition: Unrealistic or inaccurate interpretation of physical symptoms that lead to preoccupation and fear of disease.
    • Symptoms:
      • Increased hospital visits
      • Drug seeking
      • Constant worry
      • Hypervigilance
    • Depression is common, and OCD traits often accompany this disorder.

    Conversion Disorder

    • Definition: Unconsciously triggered symptoms that affect voluntary motor or sensory functioning, suggestive of neurological disease.
    • Characteristics:
      • Paralysis
      • Decreased respiratory function and decreased swallowing
      • Seizures
      • Coordination disturbances
      • Difficulty swallowing
      • Urinary retention
      • Akinesia
      • Blindness
      • Deafness
      • Inability to feel pain
      • Hallucinations
      • Pseudocyesis (fake pregnancy)
    • Nursing care:
      • Deal with physical symptoms in a detached manner to avoid reinforcing secondary gain.
      • Give praise to the patient if they realize they are experiencing an anxiety disorder.

    Factitious Disorder (Munchausen Syndrome)

    • Definition: Conscious, intentional feigning of physical and/or psychological symptoms.
    • Individual pretends to be ill to receive emotional care and support.
    • Characteristics:
      • Secondary gain (attention)
      • Increased hospital visits
      • Giving vague symptoms
      • Disorder may be imposed on another person under the care of the perpetrator (formerly called factitious disorder by proxy).

    Dissociative Disorders

    • Dissociative Amnesia:
      • Definition: Inability to recall important personal information that is too extensive to be explained by ordinary forgetfulness.
      • Characteristics:
        • Repression: unconsciously avoiding/forgetting things.
        • Suppression: voluntary avoidance.
        • Localized and selective amnesia: related to a specific stressful event.
      • Nursing care:
        • Ask A&O questions.
        • Ask about traumatic events or history of memory problems.
    • Dissociative Fugue:
      • Definition: Sudden, unexpected travel away from customary places or by with inability to recall some/all of one's past.
      • Characteristics:
        • Bewildered wandering.
        • Dissociation: unconscious defense mechanism in which there is separation of identity, memory, and cognition from affect.

    Dissociative Identity Disorder (DID)

    • Definition: Formerly called multiple personality disorder.
    • Characteristics:
      • Different personality states referred to as alter identities or alters.
      • Only one alter is present at a time.
      • Not very common.
      • May be sudden, gradual, or quiet and dramatic transitions.
      • Most common with childhood physical/sexual abuse.
      • Increased anger and violence.
    • Commonly misdiagnosed as depression, borderline, antisocial, schitzo, epilepsy, or bipolar.
    • Primary therapeutic goal: Collaborate among subpersonalities to improve functioning.

    Depersonalization-Derealization Disorder

    • Definition: Temporary change in quality of self-awareness, often taking the form of feelings of unreality, changes in body image, feelings of detachment from the environment or sense of observing oneself from outside the body.
    • Symptoms:
      • Anxiety
      • Depression
      • Fear of going insane
      • Obsessive thoughts
      • Somatic complaints
      • Disturbance in subjective sense of time
    • Medications:
      • Antidepressants (clomipramine-Anafranil)
    • Depersonalization: Disturbance in the perception of oneself.
    • Derealization: Alteration in the perception of the external environment.

    Epidemiologic Stats

    • Younger ages
    • Military personnel, lower SES, rural populations, less education
    • Dissociative disorders (DIDs) are quite rare, more prevalent in women than men.

    Predisposing Factors

    • Neuroanatomical: Brain dysfunction (impairment)
    • Pain
    • Psychosocial impairment
    • Psychodynamic theory
    • Ego defense mechanism: Low self-esteem, feelings of worthlessness
    • Cognitive theory: Counterproductive thinking patterns accompany maladaptive behaviors and emotional disorders.
    • Learning Theory: Somatic complaints are often reinforced when the sick person learns that they may avoid stressful obligations or be excused from unwanted duties.

    Definitions to Know

    • Malingering: Faking illness to get out of something
    • Maladaptive: Change in a person's internal or external environment that leads to disruptive patterns for that patient
    • Negative coping mechanisms: Isolation, increased sleeping, decreased learning
    • Non-compliance: Not adhering to prescribed treatments

    Studying That Suits You

    Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.

    Quiz Team

    Description

    Test your knowledge on symptoms and characteristics of Major Depressive Disorder and Bipolar Disorder, including mood swings, depression, and nurse-client relationships.

    More Like This

    Psychology Chapter 5: Mental Disorders
    10 questions

    Psychology Chapter 5: Mental Disorders

    NoiselessCornet avatar
    NoiselessCornet
    Mental Health Diagnosis and Importance
    8 questions

    Mental Health Diagnosis and Importance

    UnaffectedWerewolf avatar
    UnaffectedWerewolf
    Psychiatric Disorders Diagnosis
    25 questions

    Psychiatric Disorders Diagnosis

    CheaperDirac avatar
    CheaperDirac
    Perinatal Psychiatric Disorders Overview
    14 questions

    Perinatal Psychiatric Disorders Overview

    ResourcefulProtagonist8328 avatar
    ResourcefulProtagonist8328
    Use Quizgecko on...
    Browser
    Open
    Browser
    Browser