Menstrual Cycle and Hormone Regulation
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Questions and Answers

Which hormone is responsible for stimulating the growth and maturation of the ovarian follicle?

  • Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) (correct)
  • Luteinising hormone (LH)
  • Progesterone
  • Oestrogen

What is the primary function of the myometrium during the follicular or proliferative phase of the menstrual cycle?

  • To increase contractility
  • To maintain uterine quiescence
  • To secrete aqueous secretions to aid sperm transport (correct)
  • To secrete progesterone

What occurs on the first day of the ovarian cycle?

  • Oestrus (heat) (correct)
  • Menstruation
  • Ovulation
  • Implantation

What is the primary function of the uterine glands during the follicular or proliferative phase of the menstrual cycle?

<p>To aid sperm transport and maturation (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens to the endometrium during the luteal or secretory phase of the menstrual cycle?

<p>It increases in thickness (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the serosa, the outermost layer of the uterus?

<p>To provide a connective tissue layer (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary trigger for the onset of puberty?

<p>Activation of GnRH neurones and hypothalamic-pituitary-gonad axis (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What percentage of variation in the age of onset of puberty is attributed to genetic factors?

<p>50% (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of a delay in the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonad axis activity?

<p>Delayed puberty (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the trend observed in the age of menarche in Western Europe over the last 150 years?

<p>A 2-3 month decrease per decade (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the age range for the onset of puberty?

<p>9-14 years (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the first sign of fertility in females?

<p>First menstruation (menarche) (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the minimum body mass required for the onset of puberty in girls?

<p>40-50kg (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the approximate incidence of Klinefelter's syndrome in human male births?

<p>1: 600 (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the percentage of body fat required for the onset of puberty?

<p>~20% (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of progesterone on the HPG axis during pregnancy?

<p>Inhibitory (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of dopamine in lactation?

<p>Inhibiting GnRH release (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of steroidal contraceptives on ovulation?

<p>Inhibitory (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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