18 Questions
Which hormone is responsible for stimulating the growth and maturation of the ovarian follicle?
Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH)
What is the primary function of the myometrium during the follicular or proliferative phase of the menstrual cycle?
To secrete aqueous secretions to aid sperm transport
What occurs on the first day of the ovarian cycle?
Oestrus (heat)
What is the primary function of the uterine glands during the follicular or proliferative phase of the menstrual cycle?
To aid sperm transport and maturation
What happens to the endometrium during the luteal or secretory phase of the menstrual cycle?
It increases in thickness
What is the primary function of the serosa, the outermost layer of the uterus?
To provide a connective tissue layer
What is the primary trigger for the onset of puberty?
Activation of GnRH neurones and hypothalamic-pituitary-gonad axis
What percentage of variation in the age of onset of puberty is attributed to genetic factors?
50%
What is the result of a delay in the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonad axis activity?
Delayed puberty
What is the trend observed in the age of menarche in Western Europe over the last 150 years?
A 2-3 month decrease per decade
What is the age range for the onset of puberty?
9-14 years
What is the first sign of fertility in females?
First menstruation (menarche)
What is the minimum body mass required for the onset of puberty in girls?
40-50kg
What is the approximate incidence of Klinefelter's syndrome in human male births?
1: 600
What is the percentage of body fat required for the onset of puberty?
~20%
What is the effect of progesterone on the HPG axis during pregnancy?
Inhibitory
What is the primary function of dopamine in lactation?
Inhibiting GnRH release
What is the effect of steroidal contraceptives on ovulation?
Inhibitory
Test your knowledge on the menstrual cycle, ovarian cycles, and hormone regulation. Learn about the roles of the anterior pituitary, ovarian hormones, and the follicular and luteal phases. Understand the changes in hormone levels during the menstrual cycle.
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