Menstrual Cycle and Hormone Regulation
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Questions and Answers

Which hormone is responsible for stimulating the growth and maturation of the ovarian follicle?

  • Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) (correct)
  • Luteinising hormone (LH)
  • Progesterone
  • Oestrogen
  • What is the primary function of the myometrium during the follicular or proliferative phase of the menstrual cycle?

  • To increase contractility
  • To maintain uterine quiescence
  • To secrete aqueous secretions to aid sperm transport (correct)
  • To secrete progesterone
  • What occurs on the first day of the ovarian cycle?

  • Oestrus (heat) (correct)
  • Menstruation
  • Ovulation
  • Implantation
  • What is the primary function of the uterine glands during the follicular or proliferative phase of the menstrual cycle?

    <p>To aid sperm transport and maturation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to the endometrium during the luteal or secretory phase of the menstrual cycle?

    <p>It increases in thickness</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the serosa, the outermost layer of the uterus?

    <p>To provide a connective tissue layer</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary trigger for the onset of puberty?

    <p>Activation of GnRH neurones and hypothalamic-pituitary-gonad axis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What percentage of variation in the age of onset of puberty is attributed to genetic factors?

    <p>50%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the result of a delay in the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonad axis activity?

    <p>Delayed puberty</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the trend observed in the age of menarche in Western Europe over the last 150 years?

    <p>A 2-3 month decrease per decade</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the age range for the onset of puberty?

    <p>9-14 years</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the first sign of fertility in females?

    <p>First menstruation (menarche)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the minimum body mass required for the onset of puberty in girls?

    <p>40-50kg</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the approximate incidence of Klinefelter's syndrome in human male births?

    <p>1: 600</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the percentage of body fat required for the onset of puberty?

    <p>~20%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the effect of progesterone on the HPG axis during pregnancy?

    <p>Inhibitory</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of dopamine in lactation?

    <p>Inhibiting GnRH release</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the effect of steroidal contraceptives on ovulation?

    <p>Inhibitory</p> Signup and view all the answers

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