Podcast
Questions and Answers
Which type of spinal dysraphism is characterized by a vertebral defect with no fusion of two halves of the vertebral arch?
Which type of spinal dysraphism is characterized by a vertebral defect with no fusion of two halves of the vertebral arch?
- Meningocoele
- Spina bifida occulta (correct)
- Myelomeningocoele
- None of the above
Which region is commonly affected by spina bifida occulta?
Which region is commonly affected by spina bifida occulta?
- Thoracic
- Cervical
- Lumbar
- Sacral (correct)
What is the main characteristic feature of spina bifida occulta?
What is the main characteristic feature of spina bifida occulta?
- Defect in the skin with a visible opening
- Presence of a small dimple with or without hair (correct)
- Severe neurological symptoms
- Complete absence of any symptoms
What percentage of people does spina bifida occulta affect?
What percentage of people does spina bifida occulta affect?
Which type of spinal dysraphism involves a defect in the skin and may present with fluid-filled sac protruding through the vertebral defect?
Which type of spinal dysraphism involves a defect in the skin and may present with fluid-filled sac protruding through the vertebral defect?
What is the main difference between a meningocoele and a meningomyelocoele?
What is the main difference between a meningocoele and a meningomyelocoele?
What type of developmental anomaly is a meningocoele?
What type of developmental anomaly is a meningocoele?
Which of the following is NOT a common symptom of meningomyelocoele?
Which of the following is NOT a common symptom of meningomyelocoele?
What is the main reason why individuals with meningomyelocoele are at risk of infection?
What is the main reason why individuals with meningomyelocoele are at risk of infection?
Why are motor and sensory deficits common in individuals with meningomyelocoele?
Why are motor and sensory deficits common in individuals with meningomyelocoele?
What is the most well-established risk factor for neural tube defects (NTDs)?
What is the most well-established risk factor for neural tube defects (NTDs)?
What is the relationship between forebrain anomalies and mutations in several genes?
What is the relationship between forebrain anomalies and mutations in several genes?
Which of the following is TRUE about megalencephaly and microencephaly?
Which of the following is TRUE about megalencephaly and microencephaly?
What can microencephaly be associated with?
What can microencephaly be associated with?
What is the primary cause of microencephaly?
What is the primary cause of microencephaly?
Which of the following is NOT a potential cause of microencephaly mentioned in the text?
Which of the following is NOT a potential cause of microencephaly mentioned in the text?
What is the percentage of serious malformations at birth?
What is the percentage of serious malformations at birth?
Which factor is highlighted as undetermined in over 50% of malformations?
Which factor is highlighted as undetermined in over 50% of malformations?
Which environmental factor is mentioned as a teratogen?
Which environmental factor is mentioned as a teratogen?
When does a teratogenic agent produce more damage?
When does a teratogenic agent produce more damage?
Which part of the neural tube do most common defects affect?
Which part of the neural tube do most common defects affect?
What do neural tube defects involve?
What do neural tube defects involve?
What is the most severe form of forebrain malformation described?
What is the most severe form of forebrain malformation described?
Which type of malformation is characterized by the complete failure of the brain to divide?
Which type of malformation is characterized by the complete failure of the brain to divide?
What is the consequence of arhinencephaly?
What is the consequence of arhinencephaly?
Which type of malformation involves fusion of cerebral hemispheres in the frontal lobes?
Which type of malformation involves fusion of cerebral hemispheres in the frontal lobes?
How does semi-lobar malformation differ from lobar malformation?
How does semi-lobar malformation differ from lobar malformation?
