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Questions and Answers
What is the term for the absence of a tongue?
What is the term for the absence of a tongue?
What is the name of the condition where the inferior frenulum attaches to the bottom of the tongue and restricts its movement?
What is the name of the condition where the inferior frenulum attaches to the bottom of the tongue and restricts its movement?
What is the name of the condition where the tongue has grooves on its dorsal and lateral aspects?
What is the name of the condition where the tongue has grooves on its dorsal and lateral aspects?
What is the term for a large tongue?
What is the term for a large tongue?
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What is the term for a small tongue?
What is the term for a small tongue?
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What is the name of the condition where the posterior dorsal point of fusion of the tongue is defective, resulting in a smooth, erythematous mucosa?
What is the name of the condition where the posterior dorsal point of fusion of the tongue is defective, resulting in a smooth, erythematous mucosa?
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What is Agnathia characterized by?
What is Agnathia characterized by?
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What is the condition where the jaw is abnormally large?
What is the condition where the jaw is abnormally large?
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What is the term for the congenital absence of the mouth?
What is the term for the congenital absence of the mouth?
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What is the condition where one or more body parts overgrow asymmetrically?
What is the condition where one or more body parts overgrow asymmetrically?
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What is the condition where the roof of the mouth does not completely close?
What is the condition where the roof of the mouth does not completely close?
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What is the term for a small jaw, which may affect either the maxilla or the mandible?
What is the term for a small jaw, which may affect either the maxilla or the mandible?
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What is the term for small, painless, raised, pale, red or white spots or bumps 1 to 3 mm in diameter?
What is the term for small, painless, raised, pale, red or white spots or bumps 1 to 3 mm in diameter?
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What is the condition characterized by defective desquamation of the filiform papillae?
What is the condition characterized by defective desquamation of the filiform papillae?
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What type of cysts are caused by entrapped epithelium during the development of the palate?
What type of cysts are caused by entrapped epithelium during the development of the palate?
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What is the term for raised nodules on alveolar ridges of infants?
What is the term for raised nodules on alveolar ridges of infants?
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What is the term for the absence of one or more salivary glands?
What is the term for the absence of one or more salivary glands?
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What is the term for small white or yellow cystic vesicles found along the median palatal raphae?
What is the term for small white or yellow cystic vesicles found along the median palatal raphae?
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Study Notes
Benign Migratory Glossitis (Geographic Tongue)
- Characterized by a wandering rash on the tongue, presenting as irregular patches.
- Often resembles psoriasiform mucositis affecting the dorsum of the tongue.
Hairy Tongue
- Known as lingua nigra or lingua villosa, this condition features black, hairy appearance due to defective shedding of filiform papillae.
- Commonly observed in individuals with altered oral hygiene or dry mouth.
Congenital Anomalies of the Oral Mucosa
- Epstein Pearls: Palatal cysts located along the median palatal raphae, derived from epithelium along the line of fusion.
- Fordyce's Disease: Presence of visible sebaceous glands resulting in small, painless bumps, typically 1 to 3 mm in diameter.
- Bohn’s Nodules: Also referred to as “mucous gland cysts,” these are found at the junction of hard and soft palate.
Dental Lamina Cyst
- Gingival cysts in newborns appear as raised nodules on the alveolar ridges, originating from dental lamina remnants.
Salivary Glands
- Aplasia/Agenesis: Absence of one or more salivary glands diagnosed after ruling out common xerostomia causes.
- Congenital commissural pits: Lip malformations occurring at the commissures.
Congenital Anomalies of the Tongue
- Aglossia: Absence of the tongue often manifests as microglossia with glossoptosis.
- Macroglossia: Tongue hypertrophy leading to protrusion.
- Microglossia: Characterized by an abnormally small tongue.
- Ankyloglossia: Limited tongue movement due to a short frenulum attachment.
- Cleft Tongue: A rare bifid condition resulting from incomplete merging of lateral lingual swellings.
- Fissured Tongue: Noted by deep grooves along the dorsal and lateral aspects.
Median Rhomboid Glossitis
- Defect in the posterior dorsal point of fusion resulting in a smooth, erythematous area on the tongue devoid of papillae or taste buds.
Developmental Anomalies of the Oral Cavity
- Congenital anomalies can be structural or functional and are detectable at birth or later in infancy.
Jaw Anomalies
- Agnathia: A lethal condition marked by absence or hypoplasia of the mandible with atypical ear positioning.
- Micrognathia: Characterized by a small jaw; the maxilla or mandible may be affected.
- Macrognathia: Abnormally enlarged jaws; may link to conditions like Paget’s disease or acromegaly.
- Hemihypertrophy: Asymmetric overgrowth of body parts.
- Facial Hemiatrophy: Progressive wasting of subcutaneous fat with skin and bone atrophy.
Mouth Anomalies
- Astomia: Congenital absence of the mouth.
- Microstomia: Abnormally small mouth size.
- Macrostomia: Abnormally large mouth, resulting from the fusion failure of maxillary and mandibular processes.
Lip and Palate Anomalies
- Cleft Lip: Abnormality in lip formation due to incomplete fusion during development.
- Cleft Palate: Incomplete closure of the roof of the mouth, potentially extending into the nasal cavity.
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Description
This quiz covers congenital anomalies that occur during intrauterine life, including structural and functional anomalies of the oral cavity. It includes agnathia, otocephaly, and holoprosencephaly. Test your knowledge on these developmental disorders.
