Meningitis and Spinal TB Quiz

Surgical removal of infected tissue and bone in the spine.

Surgical procedures to stabilize the spine, such as spinal fusion or instrumentation.

Surgical removal of a portion of the vertebra.

A serious complication of TB spine that can result in paralysis.

The protective membranes that cover the brain and spinal cord.

Inflammation of the meninges, causing potential brain damage.

Complete bed rest to reduce pain and prevent further damage in TB spine.

A brace or orthosis to stabilize the spine and reduce pain in TB spine.

Pus-filled sacs that can form around the spine due to TB infection. They may require drainage.

Damage to nerves caused by TB of the spine. Symptoms can include numbness, tingling, and loss of bowel or bladder control.

The primary aim of TB of the spine treatment is to completely eradicate the infection.

Preventing long-term complications like spinal deformities, nerve damage, and abscess formation through early treatment and regular monitoring.

Using physical therapy and supportive devices to help the patient regain strength and movement after TB of the spine treatment.

Managing pain and other symptoms associated with TB of the spine to improve comfort and daily functioning.

Ensuring follow-up visits, good nutrition, and self-care practices to support the patient's long-term health after TB of the spine treatment.

Administering anti-TB medications like rifampicin, isoniazid, pyrazinamide, and ethambutol on time and at the correct dosage.

Meningitis is inflammation of the meninges, the membranes surrounding the brain and spinal cord.

The most common type of meningitis, often caused by viruses like enteroviruses or herpes simplex.

A serious and potentially life-threatening type of meningitis caused by bacteria like Neisseria meningitidis or Streptococcus pneumoniae.

Meningitis caused by fungi like Cryptococcus or Candida, commonly found in people with weakened immune systems.

A rare type of meningitis caused by parasites like Naegleria fowleri or Angiostrongylus cantonensis, usually acquired from contaminated water or food.

Meningitis caused by autoimmune diseases, cancers, head injuries, or certain drugs. It is not contagious.

Meningitis can spread through respiratory droplets, close contact, fecal-oral routes, respiratory secretions, or contaminated surfaces.

Complications of meningitis can include hearing loss, brain damage, seizures, and even death.

It's like a stiff neck, but way more serious. You can't bend your neck without pain.

Extreme sensitivity to light, making it painful to be in bright environments. Think of the sun being too intense on a sunburn.

This means your brain isn't functioning normally. You might feel confused, drowsy, or have trouble thinking clearly.

These are sudden, uncontrolled electrical bursts in the brain, which can cause convulsions or loss of consciousness.

Infants are more susceptible to meningitis, making them more vulnerable to brain infections.

Older adults are also more vulnerable to meningitis because their immune system isn't as strong as it used to be.

A severe form of meningitis caused by the bacteria Streptococcus pneumoniae. It can lead to serious complications if untreated.

A type of antifungal medication used to treat fungal meningitis caused by Cryptococcus neoformans. It works by killing the fungus.

A type of antiviral medication used to treat meningitis caused by Herpes simplex virus (HSV) or Varicella-Zoster virus (VZV). It works by stopping the virus from replicating.

A type of medication used to reduce inflammation and prevent complications like hearing loss in bacterial meningitis. It's important to use it early in the treatment.

A medication used to reduce high intracranial pressure in meningitis. It helps to remove excess fluid from the brain.

A medication used to treat seizures in meningitis. It prevents the brain from having abnormal electrical activity.

A type of medication used to reduce high intracranial pressure in meningitis. It's a type of saline solution that draws water out of the brain.

A procedure that involves extracting cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) from the spinal canal using a needle. It is a crucial diagnostic test for meningitis, allowing for analysis of the fluid to identify the cause of the infection.

A cloudiness in the CSF, often indicative of a bacterial infection causing meningitis.

An increase in the number of white blood cells in the CSF, especially neutrophils (polymorphs), suggesting a bacterial infection. Conversely, an increase in lymphocytes often points towards viral or fungal meningitis.

Elevated protein levels in the CSF can signal inflammation associated with bacterial or fungal meningitis.

Lowered CSF glucose levels are often observed in bacterial and fungal meningitis, while viral meningitis usually shows normal glucose levels.

A test using antibodies to detect specific pathogens like Cryptococcus in the CSF.

A type of test that can rapidly identify the cause of bacterial meningitis by detecting specific bacterial antigens in CSF or urine.