Menguasai Tense Bahasa Inggris: Simple Present dan Present Continuous

Form and Structure

Simple Present Tense

• Form: Subject + base form of the verb (e.g., I go, you go, he/she/it goes, we go, they go)
• Negative form: Subject + do/does not + base form of the verb (e.g., I don't go, he doesn't go)
• Question form: Do/does + subject + base form of the verb (e.g., Do I go?, Does he go?)

Present Continuous Tense

• Form: Subject + is/are/am + present participle of the verb (e.g., I am writing, you are writing, he/she/it is writing, we are writing, they are writing)
• Negative form: Subject + is/are/am not + present participle of the verb (e.g., I am not writing, he is not writing)
• Question form: Is/Are/Am + subject + present participle of the verb (e.g., Am I writing?, Are they writing?)

Usage and Context

Simple Present Tense

• Used to describe:
  • Habits and routines (e.g., I wake up at 7am every day)
  • General truths and facts (e.g., The sun rises in the east)
  • Permanent situations (e.g., I live in New York)
• Can also be used for:
  • Scheduled events in the near future (e.g., I have a meeting at 2pm today)
  • Timetables and schedules (e.g., The bus leaves at 8am)

Present Continuous Tense

• Used to describe:
  • Actions that are happening at the moment of speaking (e.g., I am writing an email)
  • Temporary or changing situations (e.g., I am studying for a degree)
  • Trends and developments (e.g., The company is expanding its operations)
• Can also be used for:
  • Future plans and arrangements (e.g., I am meeting a friend at 7pm tonight)
  • Annoying habits (e.g., She is always leaving her dirty dishes in the sink)

Present Simple vs Present Continuous

• Use the present simple for:
  • Habitual or routine actions
  • Permanent situations
  • General truths and facts
• Use the present continuous for:
  • Actions that are happening at the moment of speaking
  • Temporary or changing situations
  • Trends and developments

Examples and Exercises

Exercise 1: Complete the sentences with the correct form of the verb in parentheses.

• I ______________ (to study) for a degree. (Present Continuous)
• She ______________ (to live) in Paris for three years. (Present Simple)

Exercise 2: Choose the correct sentence to complete the conversation.

A: What are you doing tonight? B: 1. I am studying for my exam. (Present Continuous) 2. I study every night. (Present Simple)

Exercise 3: Identify the correct tense used in each sentence.

• I am working on a new project. (Present Continuous)
• I work as a teacher. (Present Simple)

Bentuk dan Struktur

Simple Present Tense

• Bentuk: Subjek + bentuk dasar verba (contoh: I go, you go, he/she/it goes, we go, they go)
• Bentuk negatif: Subjek + do/does not + bentuk dasar verba (contoh: I don't go, he doesn't go)
• Bentuk pertanyaan: Do/does + subjek + bentuk dasar verba (contoh: Do I go?, Does he go?)

Present Continuous Tense

• Bentuk: Subjek + is/are/am + present participle verba (contoh: I am writing, you are writing, he/she/it is writing, we are writing, they are writing)
• Bentuk negatif: Subjek + is/are/am not + present participle verba (contoh: I am not writing, he is not writing)
• Bentuk pertanyaan: Is/Are/Am + subjek + present participle verba (contoh: Am I writing?, Are they writing?)

Penggunaan dan Konteks

Simple Present Tense

• Digunakan untuk menggambarkan:
  • Kebiasaan dan rutinitas (contoh: I wake up at 7am every day)
  • Kebenaran dan fakta umum (contoh: The sun rises in the east)
  • Situasi tetap (contoh: I live in New York)
• Juga dapat digunakan untuk:
  • Acara terjadwal di masa depan (contoh: I have a meeting at 2pm today)
  • Jadwal dan schedule (contoh: The bus leaves at 8am)

Present Continuous Tense

• Digunakan untuk menggambarkan:
  • Aksi yang sedang terjadi pada saat berbicara (contoh: I am writing an email)
  • Situasi sementara atau berubah (contoh: I am studying for a degree)
  • Tren dan perkembangan (contoh: The company is expanding its operations)
• Juga dapat digunakan untuk:
  • Rencana dan pengaturan masa depan (contoh: I am meeting a friend at 7pm tonight)
  • Kebiasaan yang mengganggu (contoh: She is always leaving her dirty dishes in the sink)

Present Simple vs Present Continuous

• Gunakan present simple untuk:
  • Aksi yang biasa atau rutinitas
  • Situasi tetap
  • Kebenaran dan fakta umum
• Gunakan present continuous untuk:
  • Aksi yang sedang terjadi pada saat berbicara
  • Situasi sementara atau berubah
  • Tren dan perkembangan