Mendel's Laws of Inheritance
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Questions and Answers

What is monohybrid inheritance?

  • Multiple phenotypic characteristics controlled by multiple genes.
  • One phenotypic characteristic controlled by multiple genes.
  • Multiple phenotypic characteristics controlled by one gene.
  • One phenotypic characteristic controlled by a single gene. (correct)

What is Mendel's first law of inheritance?

  • Law of recessive genes
  • Law of independent assortment
  • Law of segregation (correct)
  • Law of dominant genes

What is the purpose of a Punnett square?

  • To predict the genotype of parents
  • To determine the genotype of offspring
  • To predict the phenotype of offspring
  • To illustrate the possible genotypes and phenotypes of offspring (correct)

In a monohybrid cross, what is the ratio of dominant to recessive phenotypes?

<p>3:1 (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the genotype of a heterozygous individual?

<p>Bb (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the probability of a child having PKU if both parents are heterozygous?

<p>25% (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is Mendel's second law of inheritance?

<p>Law of independent assortment (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of drawing a Punnett square in a genetic cross?

<p>To predict the possible genotypes and phenotypes of offspring (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the probability that an offspring will have PKU if both parents are heterozygous?

<p>25% (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of a test cross?

<p>To determine if an individual is homozygous or heterozygous for a dominant trait (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How is a test cross carried out?

<p>By breeding an individual with an unknown genotype with a homozygous recessive individual (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is dihybrid inheritance?

<p>The determination of a trait by the inheritance of two genes (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does Mendelian inheritance assume?

<p>That the genes involved are not linked (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is meant by sex-linkage?

<p>An allele is located on one of the sex chromosomes and its expression depends on the sex of the individual (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is an example of a phenotype that shows sex-linkage?

<p>Color blindness (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How many genes are involved in dihybrid inheritance?

<p>Two (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the definition of a gene?

<p>A length of DNA on a chromosome that codes for the production of one or more polypeptide chains and functional RNA (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the genetic constitution of an organism?

<p>Genotype (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the expression of an organism's genetic constitution, combined with its interaction with the environment?

<p>Phenotype (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the fixed position on a DNA molecule occupied by a gene?

<p>Locus (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for different forms of a particular gene, found at the same locus on a chromosome?

<p>Allele (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for having two identical alleles of a gene?

<p>Homozygous (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for having two different alleles of a gene?

<p>Heterozygous (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for an allele that will always be expressed if an individual has one copy of it?

<p>Dominant (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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