24 Questions
What is monohybrid inheritance?
One phenotypic characteristic controlled by a single gene.
What is Mendel's first law of inheritance?
Law of segregation
What is the purpose of a Punnett square?
To illustrate the possible genotypes and phenotypes of offspring
In a monohybrid cross, what is the ratio of dominant to recessive phenotypes?
3:1
What is the genotype of a heterozygous individual?
Bb
What is the probability of a child having PKU if both parents are heterozygous?
25%
What is Mendel's second law of inheritance?
Law of independent assortment
What is the purpose of drawing a Punnett square in a genetic cross?
To predict the possible genotypes and phenotypes of offspring
What is the probability that an offspring will have PKU if both parents are heterozygous?
25%
What is the purpose of a test cross?
To determine if an individual is homozygous or heterozygous for a dominant trait
How is a test cross carried out?
By breeding an individual with an unknown genotype with a homozygous recessive individual
What is dihybrid inheritance?
The determination of a trait by the inheritance of two genes
What does Mendelian inheritance assume?
That the genes involved are not linked
What is meant by sex-linkage?
An allele is located on one of the sex chromosomes and its expression depends on the sex of the individual
What is an example of a phenotype that shows sex-linkage?
Color blindness
How many genes are involved in dihybrid inheritance?
Two
What is the definition of a gene?
A length of DNA on a chromosome that codes for the production of one or more polypeptide chains and functional RNA
What is the term for the genetic constitution of an organism?
Genotype
What is the expression of an organism's genetic constitution, combined with its interaction with the environment?
Phenotype
What is the fixed position on a DNA molecule occupied by a gene?
Locus
What is the term for different forms of a particular gene, found at the same locus on a chromosome?
Allele
What is the term for having two identical alleles of a gene?
Homozygous
What is the term for having two different alleles of a gene?
Heterozygous
What is the term for an allele that will always be expressed if an individual has one copy of it?
Dominant
Quiz on Mendel's laws of inheritance, including monohybrid inheritance and the law of segregation.
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