Memory X.Liu PSYC 5130 Short-Term Memory vs. Long-Term Memory
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Questions and Answers

Which hemisphere is language typically located in for most right-handed individuals?

  • Occipital lobe
  • Right hemisphere
  • Left hemisphere (correct)
  • Cerebellum
  • What is the system doing in pattern separation?

  • Encoding new pattern-separated memories (correct)
  • Reactivating old memories
  • Fine-tuning the hippocampus
  • Recalling old memories
  • What happens when the Corpus Callosum is severed in 'split-brain' patients?

  • Prevents the spread of epileptic seizures (correct)
  • Enhances communication between brain hemispheres
  • Improves memory functions
  • Increases the risk of seizures
  • Which area provides strategic influences for fine-tuning the hippocampus in memory solutions?

    <p>Frontal lobe</p> Signup and view all the answers

    At what learning rate does an event with a 0.66 probability converge on an accurate estimate across discrete events?

    <p>.005</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which brain region is associated with Broca's area?

    <p>Left inferior frontal region</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common symptom seen in Broca's aphasia patients?

    <p>Production impairments</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of activity occurs in the brain when resting?

    <p>Alpha activity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which stage of sleep is characterized by the presence of REM sleep?

    <p>Stage 1</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the effect of damage to Broca's area in a language-impaired patient?

    <p>Impaired speech production</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What did Egyptians report happening after a blow to the head 3000 years ago?

    <p>Speech loss</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does pattern completion involve?

    <p>Reactivating old memories</p> Signup and view all the answers

    'Right hemiparesis' refers to weakening observed in which side of the body for Broca's patients?

    <p>'Right arm and leg'</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When does the system encode new patterns in CA3?

    <p>When treating the retrieval cue as novel</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of learning rate leads to an accurate estimate across discrete events?

    <p>.005</p> Signup and view all the answers

    'Dichotic Listening' involves listening to spoken words with different words piped into each ear, typically showing an advantage for words heard through which ear?

    <p>'Right ear (left hemisphere)'</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What structure connects and transfers information between the two hemispheres of the brain?

    <p>Corpus Callosum</p> Signup and view all the answers

    During which phase of sleep does the hippocampus teach the cortex through replay?

    <p>NREM sleep</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the lexicon in language processing?

    <p>Meaning of words</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which aspect of language focuses on putting together units of meaning?

    <p>Production</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What term is used to describe the process of mapping auditory input to known speech sounds?

    <p>Speech Perception</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is sleep necessary for memory consolidation?

    <p>To help the cortex incorporate new memories into existing knowledge</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What process occurs in the hippocampus during Slow-Wave Sleep (SWS)?

    <p>Replay teaching to the cortex</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of semantics in language processing?

    <p>Meaning of words</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is another term for conduction aphasia?

    <p>Motor aphasia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of aphasia shows well-preserved auditory comprehension but an inability to repeat words or sentences?

    <p>Conduction aphasia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where is the arcuate fasciculus located?

    <p>Between Wernicke's area and Broca's area</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of aphasia involves deficits in articulation and grammar comprehension?

    <p>Broca's aphasia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main feature of word deafness?

    <p>Selective word-comprehension deficits</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In which type of aphasia are comprehension and production of meaningful speech affected?

    <p>Wernicke's aphasia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of aphasia exhibits residual overlearned speech?

    <p>Global aphasia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    'Atypical/Subcortical' aphasia is associated with which brain structures?

    <p>(Head of caudate in basal ganglia or anterolateral thalamus)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of aphasia is primarily expressive, slow, disjointed, and poorly articulated?

    <p>Broca's aphasia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which cortical language area did Wernicke identify as being damaged in his clinical cases?

    <p>Left temporal lobe</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What symptom characterizes Wernicke's aphasia in terms of speech production?

    <p>Superficial structure</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of aphasia results in a person having difficulty understanding language due to damage to the left temporal lobe?

    <p>Wernicke's aphasia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In which type of aphasia does one experience halting speech and tremendous difficulty in choosing words?

    <p>Broca's aphasia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What distinguishes Broca's aphasia from Wernicke's aphasia?

    <p>Difficulty in speech production</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What aspect of language processing is primarily affected by damage to the left side of the frontal lobe?

    <p>Expressive language skills</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of aphasia involves difficulty in understanding language but has fairly good speech comprehension?

    <p>Conduction aphasia</p> Signup and view all the answers

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