25 Questions
What is encoding in the context of information processing?
The process of initially recording information in a usable form to memory
Which process involves the placement of information into memory?
Storage
What is automatization according to the text?
The degree to which an activity requires attention
In the context of memory capabilities in infancy, what does automatization aid children in?
Processing information in initial encounters with the world
What is retrieval in the process of information processing?
Bringing material into awareness from memory storage
According to Piaget's theory of cognitive development, in what order do children pass through the stages?
Sensorimotor, Preoperational, Concrete operational, Formal operational
What does kicking research demonstrate about memory capacities in infancy?
Increase in memory capacities with age
What are schema according to Piaget's theory?
Fixed patterns of functioning
Which process involves understanding an experience based on one's current stage of cognitive development?
Assimilation
What is accommodation in the context of Piaget's theory?
Adapting existing ways of thinking to new stimuli
Which cognitive stage comes after the sensorimotor stage according to Piaget's theory?
Preoperational
What distinguishes Piaget's approach to cognition from other approaches?
Focus on quality and content
What is the term used to describe the lack of memory for experiences before 3 years of age?
Infantile amnesia
Which part of the brain is involved in the earliest memories that are implicit?
Cerebellum and brain stem
What is the characteristic of explicit memory?
It is conscious and can be intentionally recalled
Which system of long-term memory includes memories that we are not consciously aware of but affect performance and behavior?
Implicit memory
What was the surprising recall ability shown by infants in response to a reminder related to?
Moving mobile and kicking association
At what age do researchers disagree on when memories can be retrieved?
Before 3 years old
When does true explicit memory typically emerge in infants?
In the second half of the first year
Which brain structure is involved in the forerunner of explicit memory in infants?
Hippocampus
What are the domains used to calculate the developmental quotient?
Motor skills, language use, adaptive behavior, personal–social behavior
Who developed the Bayley Scales of Infant and Toddler Development?
Nancy Bayley
Why do experts find it challenging to define intelligence in infants?
The complexity of defining and measuring intelligence in infants
Which cognitive milestone marks the emergence of true explicit memory in infants?
Recollection of past events
Which area of the brain plays a crucial role in the development of explicit memory?
Frontal lobe
Test your knowledge on the duration of memories during infancy and the phenomenon of infantile amnesia. Explore the age from which memories can be retrieved and the physical traces of memories in the brain.
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