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Memory Bias and Perception Quiz

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Questions and Answers

What is one effect of personal bias on memory?

Improved ability to recall conflicting information

Decreased susceptibility to suggestion

Tendency to remember attitudes and behavior consistent with past attitudes and behavior (correct)

Increased accuracy in recalling past events

How can misleading post-event information (MPI) affect memory?

Instilling a resistance to suggestion in memory recall

Enhancing the accuracy of recalling witnessed events

Changing how a person describes an event witnessed earlier (correct)

Reducing the impact of personal biases on memory

What is a common effect of egocentric bias on memory?

Tendency to remember only negative experiences

Improved ability to recall conflicting information

Increased susceptibility to suggestion

People are suggestible (correct)

What is the main reason for innocent people being convicted, as discussed in the text?

Emotions Signup and view all the answers

In Stanny and Johnson’s (2000) weapons-focus experiment, what was the impact of the presence of a fired weapon on memory recall?

It led to a decrease in memory about the perpetrator, the victim, and the weapon Signup and view all the answers

What were the results of Ross et al.(1994)’s study on the effect of familiarity on eyewitness testimony?

The male teacher was erroneously identified as the robber 60 percent of the time when the actual robber WAS NOT in the photospread Signup and view all the answers

What did Wells & Bradfield (1998)’s study reveal about errors due to familiarity?

It demonstrated that familiarity increased errors in eyewitness testimony Signup and view all the answers

What is the positive change bias?

The tendency to perceive things as getting better Signup and view all the answers

How does positive change bias manifest in the context of the text?

By influencing people to perceive events as 'getting better' Signup and view all the answers

What is the misinformation effect related to in the context of the text?

False memories due to suggestion Signup and view all the answers

How did participants in Loftus et al.'s study exhibit false memories due to suggestion?

By reporting events consistent with the script but not shown in the test Signup and view all the answers