Membrane Potential and Equilibrium

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Questions and Answers

What is the term used to describe the voltage gradient at which equilibrium is reached for an ion?

  • Charge gradient
  • Membrane potential
  • Equilibrium voltage (correct)
  • Ion potential

How does a membrane potential arise?

  • Through the creation of concentration gradients
  • By the equal distribution of ions on both sides of the membrane
  • As a result of electrical charges on both sides of the membrane
  • Due to the movement of ions across the membrane (correct)

Which ion moves faster across the membrane in the given scenario?

  • Cl- (correct)
  • Ca2+
  • Na+
  • K+

What causes diffusion to begin across the membrane?

<p>Concentration gradient (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why does an electric potential emerge across the membrane according to the text?

<p>By a tiny fraction of ions that are not balanced (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of having a difference in electrical charges on both sides of a membrane?

<p>Leads to the emergence of a membrane potential (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What term is used to describe the feature of the action potential where it reacts with exactly the same standard height?

<p>All-or-none law (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of ion channels are responsible for generating an action potential in excitable membranes?

<p>Voltage-gated ion channels (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the typical peak membrane potential during an action potential?

<p>+40 to +50 mV (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of inactivation of voltage-activated Na+ channels during an action potential?

<p>To keep the action potential firing in one direction (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens when delayed K+ rectifiers open during an action potential?

<p>K+ moves out and the membrane repolarizes (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How is the resting membrane potential near -70 mV maintained at rest?

<p>By K+ leak channels (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the typical resting potential of animal cells?

<p>-70 mV (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following ions play special roles in the electrical phenomena occurring in neurons?

<p>Sodium (Na+), potassium (K+), and chlorine (Cl-) (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the mechanism commonly called that maintains the difference in ion concentrations inside and outside the membrane?

<p>Sodium-potassium pump (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of channels allow the passage of mostly inorganic ions through small hydrophilic pores?

<p>Leak channels (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What defines the resting membrane potential as per the text?

<p>The equilibrium condition with no net ion flow across the membrane (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In excitable cells like nerve and muscle, which channels are expressed to produce action potentials?

<p>Voltage-gated channels (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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