Membrane Potential and Equilibrium
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Questions and Answers

What is the term used to describe the voltage gradient at which equilibrium is reached for an ion?

  • Charge gradient
  • Membrane potential
  • Equilibrium voltage (correct)
  • Ion potential
  • How does a membrane potential arise?

  • Through the creation of concentration gradients
  • By the equal distribution of ions on both sides of the membrane
  • As a result of electrical charges on both sides of the membrane
  • Due to the movement of ions across the membrane (correct)
  • Which ion moves faster across the membrane in the given scenario?

  • Cl- (correct)
  • Ca2+
  • Na+
  • K+
  • What causes diffusion to begin across the membrane?

    <p>Concentration gradient</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why does an electric potential emerge across the membrane according to the text?

    <p>By a tiny fraction of ions that are not balanced</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the significance of having a difference in electrical charges on both sides of a membrane?

    <p>Leads to the emergence of a membrane potential</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What term is used to describe the feature of the action potential where it reacts with exactly the same standard height?

    <p>All-or-none law</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of ion channels are responsible for generating an action potential in excitable membranes?

    <p>Voltage-gated ion channels</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the typical peak membrane potential during an action potential?

    <p>+40 to +50 mV</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of inactivation of voltage-activated Na+ channels during an action potential?

    <p>To keep the action potential firing in one direction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens when delayed K+ rectifiers open during an action potential?

    <p>K+ moves out and the membrane repolarizes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How is the resting membrane potential near -70 mV maintained at rest?

    <p>By K+ leak channels</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the typical resting potential of animal cells?

    <p>-70 mV</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following ions play special roles in the electrical phenomena occurring in neurons?

    <p>Sodium (Na+), potassium (K+), and chlorine (Cl-)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the mechanism commonly called that maintains the difference in ion concentrations inside and outside the membrane?

    <p>Sodium-potassium pump</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of channels allow the passage of mostly inorganic ions through small hydrophilic pores?

    <p>Leak channels</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What defines the resting membrane potential as per the text?

    <p>The equilibrium condition with no net ion flow across the membrane</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In excitable cells like nerve and muscle, which channels are expressed to produce action potentials?

    <p>Voltage-gated channels</p> Signup and view all the answers

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