27 Questions
What type of secretion is produced by the serous glands?
Poorly glycosylated protein secretion
Where are goblet cells primarily found?
Surface epithelium of the intestines
What is the mode of secretion in which the entire cell is sacrificed in producing secretion?
Holocrine
Which gland is classified as a purely serous exocrine gland?
Pancreas
What type of membrane lines cavities that connect with the outside of the body?
Mucous membrane
What is the primary function of mucous glands?
Produce viscous, slimy secretion
In which type of gland do acini contain both serous and mucous cells?
Sublingual gland
What is the primary function of goblet cells?
Produce mucus
How are exocrine glands classified based on the shape of their secretory units and ducts?
By the shape of their secretory units and ducts
What is the main difference between exocrine and endocrine glands?
Exocrine glands secrete through ducts, while endocrine glands lack ducts and secrete into connective tissue and then to blood
What does the term 'parenchyma' refer to in the context of glands?
The parts of an organ directly concerned with its function, i.e., the epithelial components of a compound exocrine gland
How are exocrine glands classified based on their secretory component?
Unicellular and multicellular
What is the function of endocrine glands?
To secrete hormones directly into the blood
What are the useful definitions of 'parenchyma' and 'stroma' in the context of glands?
Parenchyma: The parts of an organ directly concerned with its function; Stroma: The supporting connective tissue
What is the difference between mucous and serous membranes?
Mucous membranes secrete mucus, while serous membranes secrete serous fluid
What is the basis of membrane potential in reference to the Goldman-Hodgkin-Katz equation?
It accounts for the relative permeabilities of different ions and their concentration gradients
Which statement best describes the role of voltage-gated K+, Na+, or Ca++ channels in each phase of the action potential?
Voltage-gated channels generate the action potential and contribute to each phase in specific ways
How does the Nernst equation account for both the chemical and electrical driving forces that act on an ion?
It considers the concentration gradient and the electrical potential difference across the membrane
What is the primary function of electrotonic conduction in excitable cells?
To passively conduct electrical signals along the cell membrane
What is the primary difference between electrotonic conduction and conduction of an action potential?
Electrotonic conduction is passive and graded, while conduction of an action potential is active and all-or-none.
Where can electrotonic conduction be found in a neuron?
Dendrites
What is the main advantage of salutatory conduction in myelinated axons?
It conserves energy and increases conduction speed.
In which region of a neuron does the propagation of an action potential occur in non-myelinated axons?
Axon hillock
What is the consequence on action potential propagation in the early stages of demyelinating diseases such as multiple sclerosis?
Action potential propagation frequency decreases due to increased resistance.
What is the equation for calculating the net driving force (DF) in an excitable cell?
DF = Vm - Ei
What determines the size of a graded potential in sensory transduction?
The strength of the stimulus
What accounts for the absolute refractory period in action potential propagation?
Voltage-gated sodium channels
Quiz: "Epithelium 2" by Amir Mhawi, DVM, PhD at Ross University School of Medicine. Test your knowledge on the origin, structures, and functions of exocrine and endocrine glands, as well as the differences between mucous and serous membranes. Ideal for students studying anatomy and physiology.
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