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Questions and Answers
What is the function of a cell membrane?
What is the function of a cell membrane?
- To protect the cell (correct)
- To store genetic material for the cell
- To synthesize proteins for the cell
- To produce energy for the cell
Which method of transport requires energy to move molecules against a concentration gradient?
Which method of transport requires energy to move molecules against a concentration gradient?
- Facilitated diffusion
- Active transport (correct)
- Diffusion
- Osmosis
What is the process of passive transport of water across a membrane called?
What is the process of passive transport of water across a membrane called?
- Facilitated diffusion
- Osmosis (correct)
- Diffusion
- Active transport
What is the movement of solute molecules from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration called?
What is the movement of solute molecules from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration called?
Which type of transport uses proteins to carry polar molecules or ions across the membrane?
Which type of transport uses proteins to carry polar molecules or ions across the membrane?
What type of solution has a higher concentration of water (H2O) compared to another solution?
What type of solution has a higher concentration of water (H2O) compared to another solution?
What is the main function of a selectively permeable membrane?
What is the main function of a selectively permeable membrane?
What is the term for movement of water molecules across a semipermeable membrane until equilibrium is established?
What is the term for movement of water molecules across a semipermeable membrane until equilibrium is established?
In which type of solution does a higher concentration of solute exist, leading to a lower water gradient?
In which type of solution does a higher concentration of solute exist, leading to a lower water gradient?
What process removes waste products and extra fluid from blood by filtering them through a membrane, similar to the way healthy kidneys would?
What process removes waste products and extra fluid from blood by filtering them through a membrane, similar to the way healthy kidneys would?
Which term refers to a solution with a lower concentration of solute than another, creating a higher water gradient?
Which term refers to a solution with a lower concentration of solute than another, creating a higher water gradient?
What is the term for the process where small waste products and toxins flow through a membrane by diffusion into a special fluid during dialysis?
What is the term for the process where small waste products and toxins flow through a membrane by diffusion into a special fluid during dialysis?
What happens to water molecules in an isotonic solution?
What happens to water molecules in an isotonic solution?
What is the term for movement of substances across a membrane without the use of energy?
What is the term for movement of substances across a membrane without the use of energy?
which of the following is not a function of cell membrane?
which of the following is not a function of cell membrane?
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Study Notes
Functions and Uses of Diffusion and Osmosis
- Functions of cell membranes: protection, control of substances in and out, maintenance of ion concentrations, selectively permeable
- Methods of transport across membranes: diffusion, osmosis, facilitated diffusion, active transport
- Diffusion: movement of solute from higher to lower concentration, un-facilitated and passive
- Osmosis: diffusion of solvent (water) through a membrane following its gradient, movement from high to low concentration, un-facilitated and passive
- Tonicity: relative term for hypotonic, hypertonic, and isotonic solutions
- Uses of diffusion and osmosis: dialysis removes waste products and extra fluid from blood by filtering through a membrane
- Dialysis process: blood on one side of the membrane, special fluid (dialysate) on the other, waste products flow through the membrane by diffusion
- Dialysate composition: water, electrolytes, and minerals
- End goal of dialysis: simulating the way healthy kidneys remove waste from the blood
- Specifics of dialysis: small waste products and toxins in the blood flow through the membrane into the dialysate
- Application of diffusion and osmosis in dialysis: mimicking the natural process of kidney function
- Kidney function simulation: dialysis filters blood through a membrane, allowing waste products and toxins to flow out by diffusion
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