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Meiosis Overview and Genetic Variation

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Questions and Answers

What is the primary outcome of meiosis in terms of cell type produced?

Two haploid daughter cells

Two diploid daughter cells

Four haploid daughter cells (correct)

One diploid zygote

Which event occurs during meiosis that contributes to genetic variation?

Homologous chromosomes remain paired throughout

Chromatid separation during anaphase II

DNA replication in S phase only

Crossing over between non-sister chromatids (correct)

How does meiosis differ from mitosis in terms of chromosome number?

Mitosis decreases chromosome number by half

Meiosis results in genetic identical cells

Both processes result in diploid cells

Meiosis reduces chromosome number by half (correct)

What is a tetrad and how is it formed in meiosis?

Two homologous pairs of sister chromatids associating during synapsis Signup and view all the answers

What mechanism ensures a random distribution of chromosomes during meiosis?

Random alignment of chromosomes during metaphase I Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for an organism that has more than two complete sets of chromosomes?

Polyploid Signup and view all the answers

What is the formula to determine the number of possible alignments of homologous chromosomes in metaphase I for an organism with n chromosomes per set?

2^n Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following correctly defines euploid organisms?

Organisms with the normal set of chromosomes Signup and view all the answers

How many total chromosomes do humans possess?

46 Signup and view all the answers

Which statement about chromosome variation is correct?

It is normal for chromosome numbers to vary between species. Signup and view all the answers

What does aneuploidy refer to?

An abnormal number of a specific chromosome Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following accurately describes monosomy?

Presence of one less than the normal number of a chromosome Signup and view all the answers

What is the consequence of nondisjunction during meiosis?

Gametes with an incorrect number of chromosomes Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following conditions is specifically associated with trisomy 21?

Down syndrome Signup and view all the answers

In terms of chromosomal sets, what does a triploid organism possess?

Three sets of chromosomes Signup and view all the answers