Meiosis Overview and Genetic Variation
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Questions and Answers

What is the primary outcome of meiosis in terms of cell type produced?

  • Two haploid daughter cells
  • Two diploid daughter cells
  • Four haploid daughter cells (correct)
  • One diploid zygote
  • Which event occurs during meiosis that contributes to genetic variation?

  • Homologous chromosomes remain paired throughout
  • Chromatid separation during anaphase II
  • DNA replication in S phase only
  • Crossing over between non-sister chromatids (correct)
  • How does meiosis differ from mitosis in terms of chromosome number?

  • Mitosis decreases chromosome number by half
  • Meiosis results in genetic identical cells
  • Both processes result in diploid cells
  • Meiosis reduces chromosome number by half (correct)
  • What is a tetrad and how is it formed in meiosis?

    <p>Two homologous pairs of sister chromatids associating during synapsis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What mechanism ensures a random distribution of chromosomes during meiosis?

    <p>Random alignment of chromosomes during metaphase I</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for an organism that has more than two complete sets of chromosomes?

    <p>Polyploid</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the formula to determine the number of possible alignments of homologous chromosomes in metaphase I for an organism with n chromosomes per set?

    <p>2^n</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following correctly defines euploid organisms?

    <p>Organisms with the normal set of chromosomes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How many total chromosomes do humans possess?

    <p>46</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which statement about chromosome variation is correct?

    <p>It is normal for chromosome numbers to vary between species.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does aneuploidy refer to?

    <p>An abnormal number of a specific chromosome</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following accurately describes monosomy?

    <p>Presence of one less than the normal number of a chromosome</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the consequence of nondisjunction during meiosis?

    <p>Gametes with an incorrect number of chromosomes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following conditions is specifically associated with trisomy 21?

    <p>Down syndrome</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In terms of chromosomal sets, what does a triploid organism possess?

    <p>Three sets of chromosomes</p> Signup and view all the answers

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