Medulla, Pons, Cerebellum Anatomy

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Questions and Answers

Match the following arteries with the brainstem structures they primarily supply:

Vertebral artery = Medulla oblongata Basilar artery = Pons Superior cerebellar artery (SCA) = Midbrain Posterior cerebral artery (PCA) = Midbrain and thalamus

Match the term with the correct definition.

Vermis = Connects the two cerebellar hemispheres Folia = Leaf-like structures on the surface of the cerebellum Fissure = Grooves in the brain that help define its structures Peduncle = A bundle of nerve fibers joining different parts of the brain

Match the cerebellar peduncle with the specific region it connects to:

Superior cerebellar peduncle = Midbrain Middle cerebellar peduncle = Pons Inferior cerebellar peduncle = Medulla oblongata Restiform body = Medulla oblongata

Match the spinal cord tract with its primary sensory modality:

Dorsal column-medial lemniscus pathway = Fine touch and proprioception Anterolateral system (spinothalamic tract) = Pain and temperature Spinocerebellar tracts = Proprioception from muscles Spinal trigeminal tract = Pain/temperature sense, touch from the head Signup and view all the answers

Match the cranial nerve with its brainstem nucleus where it originates:

Oculomotor nerve (CN III) = Midbrain Abducens nerve (CN VI) = Pons Vagus nerve (CN X) = Medulla oblongata Trochlear nerve (CN IV) = Midbrain Signup and view all the answers

Match each of the following structures with its location:

Superior colliculus = Dorsal midbrain Olivary eminence = Anterior medulla Cerebral peduncles = Anterior midbrain Hypoglossal nucleus = Medulla oblongata Signup and view all the answers

Match the brainstem structure with its described function.

Inferior olivary nucleus = Motor coordination and learning Medial lemniscus = Ascending pathway for discriminative touch Reticular formation = Arousal and consciousness Pyramids = Descending motor control Signup and view all the answers

Match the syndrome with the arterial occlusion that likely causes it:

Wallenberg syndrome = Posterior Inferior Cerebellar Artery (PICA) Medial medullary syndrome = Anterior spinal artery Lateral superior pontine syndrome = Superior Cerebellar Artery occlusion Medial inferior pontine syndrome = Paramedian branches of the basilar artery Signup and view all the answers

Match each of the following symptoms to its description.

Ataxia = Lack of voluntary muscle control or coordination of voluntary movements Dysphagia = Difficulty in swallowing Miosis = Pupil constriction Ptosis = Drooping of the upper eyelid Signup and view all the answers

Match the brainstem pathway with the proper description.

Corticospinal tract = Voluntary motor control of the limbs and trunk Spinothalamic tract = Pain, temperature, and crude touch from the body Medial Lemniscus = Fine touch, vibration, and proprioception sensations from the body Spinocerebellar tracts = Nonconscious proprioception from the body Signup and view all the answers

Match the description with the correct term.

Internal arcuate fibers = Axons crossing midline to form medial lemniscus Restiform body = Inferior cerebellar peduncle entering cerebellum Pyramidal decussation = Crossing of the corticospinal tract in the medulla Anterior white commisure (AWC) = Axons crossing midline in the spinal cord Signup and view all the answers

Relate these cranial nerve nuclei to their associated foramen of exit from the cranium.

Oculomotor nerve = Superior orbital fissure Trochlear nerve = Superior orbital fissure Vagus nerve = Jugular foramen Abducens nerve = Superior orbital fissure Signup and view all the answers

Match the sensory structure with their function.

Gracile fasiculus = Sensory information from lower extremities Cuneate fasiculus = Sensory information from upper extremities Anterolateral system = Pain and temperature from the body Spinal trigeminal nucleus = Pain and temperature from the face Signup and view all the answers

Match the structure found in the pons with its primary orientation.

Middle cerebellar peduncle = Horizontal Corticospinal tract = Vertical Medial lemniscus = Vertical Superior cerebellar peduncle = Ascending Signup and view all the answers

Match the artery with the section(s) of the brain it primarily supplies.

Anterior spinal artery = Medulla Posterior inferior cerebellar artery (PICA) = Medulla Anterior inferior cerebellar artery (AICA) = Pons and cerebellum Superior Cerebellar Artery (SCA) = Pons and cerebellum Signup and view all the answers

Match these nuclei to their specific location within the brainstem.

Hypoglossal nucleus = Medulla Abducens nucleus = Pons Trigeminal motor nucleus = Pons Oculomotor nucleus = Midbrain Signup and view all the answers

Match description with the region of the brainstem where the structure can be found.

Inferior olivary nucleus = Medulla Superior colliculus = Midbrain Facial motor nucleus = Pons Trochlear nerve decussation = Midbrain Signup and view all the answers

Match the brainstem structure with its function:

Cerebral peduncles = Carry descending motor tracts Medial lemniscus = Carries sensory information from the body Inferior cerebellar peduncle = Connects the medulla with the cerebellum Pontine nuclei = Relays signals from the cerebrum to the cerebellum Signup and view all the answers

Connect the cranial nerve or nuclei to the function they perform.

Abducens nerve = Lateral eye movement Hypoglossal nerve = Tongue movement Trochlear nerve = Superior oblique muscle Facial motor nucleus = Facial expression Signup and view all the answers

Match these deficits with a disrupted portion of the brainstem:

Wallenberg syndrome = Lateral medulla Dysphagia = Medulla Internuclear ophthalmoplegia (INO) = Pons or midbrain Ataxia = Cerebellar connections Signup and view all the answers

Match the tract with its decussation point.

Corticospinal tract = Medullary pyramids Medial lemniscus = Medulla Spinothalamic tract = Anterior white commissure Hypoglossal nerve (CN XII) = Does not decussate Signup and view all the answers

Indicate the function of these brainstem tracts.

Spinocerebellar tract = Carries unconscious proprioceptive sensory information Spinothalamic tract = Carries non-localized pain, temperature, and crude touch Corticospinal tract = Controls voluntary movement of the limbs and body Medial Longitudinal Fasciculus = Coordinates the cranial nerves that innervate extraocular muscles Signup and view all the answers

Match the structure with the primary function it serves.

Cerebellum = Balance and coordination of motor behavior Medulla = Controls involuntary functions like respiratory and cardiac rhythm. Pons = Relays signals between the cerebrum and the cerebellum Midbrain = Controls reflexive sensory tracking, such as vision Signup and view all the answers

Match the signs to their associated symptoms.

Medial inferior pontine syndrome = Contralateral hemiplegia Lateral medullary syndrome = Ipsilateral loss of pain sensation in the trigeminal distribution Medial medullary syndrome = Contralateral loss of tactile and proprioceptive sensation Lateral inferior pontine syndrome = Nystagmus Signup and view all the answers

Match the following syndrome with an area associated.

Wallenberg (lateral medullary) syndrome = Infarction of the lateral medulla Foville Syndrome = Affects structures in the pons Weber's Syndrome = Lesions in the midbrain Locked In Syndrome = Widespread damage to the pons Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Brainstem Structures

The medulla, pons, and cerebellum

Anterior median fissure

Located on the anterior surface of the medulla; site of pyramidal decussation.