12 Questions
What is the primary distinction between the terms 'medicine' and 'drugs'?
Medicine has a positive effect on health, while drugs have a negative effect
What is the term for the ability of a substance to dissolve in a liquid?
Solubility
Which of the following properties describes how a medicine behaves when it undergoes a chemical reaction?
Chemical Properties
What is the term for the arrangement of atoms in a molecule that has the same chemical formula as another molecule?
Isomerism
What is the term for the measure of how strongly a substance is attracted to other molecules?
Polarity
What is the term for the forces that hold molecules together within a substance?
Intermolecular Forces
What is the primary purpose of a therapeutic classification?
To explain the clinical purpose of a drug and the physiological change it causes
What is the main difference between a generic name and a brand name for a drug?
The generic name is more widely recognized, while the brand name is copyrighted
What is a characteristic of prescription drugs compared to OTC drugs?
Prescription drugs are more potent and require a doctor's prescription
What is the significance of the prefix 'anti' in a therapeutic classification?
It indicates the drug's opposition to a particular physiological effect
What is the primary difference between how an acidic drug and a basic drug dissolve?
An acidic drug dissolves in a basic medium, while a basic drug dissolves in an acidic medium
Who is credited with being the 'Father of Medicine'?
Hippocrates
Study Notes
Medicine and Drugs
- Medicine refers to the science and practice of diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of diseases, as well as a substance used to treat diseases and relieve pain.
- Medicine can have a positive effect on health, but the term "drugs" is often associated with negative connotations.
Properties of Medicine
- Physical Properties: can be observed and measured without changing the chemical composition of the substance.
- Chemical Properties: describes how the medicine behaves when it undergoes a chemical reaction or interacts with other substances.
- PhysicoChemical Properties:
- Solubility: the ability of a substance to dissolve in a liquid.
- Permeability: how easily a substance can pass through a barrier, such as a cell membrane.
- Physical State: the form that a substance takes (solid, liquid, or gas).
- Polarity: a measure of how strongly a substance is attracted to other molecules.
- Surface Activity: how well a substance can reduce the surface tension of a liquid.
- Isomerism: when two or more compounds have the same chemical formula but a different arrangement of atoms.
- Intermolecular Forces: the forces that hold molecules together.
- pH: most drugs are weak acids and weak bases, and an acidic drug dissolves in a basic medium, and vice versa.
Names of Drugs
- Chemical Name: identifies the chemical elements and compounds contained in the drug.
- Generic/Non-proprietary Name: widely recognized name of the drug, often follows similar patterns for drugs of the same class or process.
- Brand/Trade/Proprietary Name: drug company's copyrighted and trademarked name, which limits the use of the name.
Classifications of Medicine
- Therapeutic Classification: explains the clinical purpose of the drug/physiological change it causes, often uses the prefix "anti".
- Pharmacological Classification: the specific thing that the drug does on a molecular level to induce the desired physiological effect.
Prescription and OTC Drugs
- Prescription drugs: powerful treatments that require a doctor's or dentist's prescription, purchased from a pharmacy, and generally more potent than OTC medications.
- OTC drugs: medications that can be bought without a prescription, can be displayed and bought from store shelves, and generally considered safe for self-use.
Historical Figure
- Hippocrates: known as the Father of Medicine.
Module 1 cons chem
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