Podcast
Questions and Answers
Glipizide primarily works by:
Glipizide primarily works by:
- Inhibiting the breakdown of incretin hormones.
- Increasing the sensitivity of peripheral tissues to insulin.
- Directly stimulating the beta cells of the pancreas to secrete insulin. (correct)
- Decreasing glucose absorption in the intestines.
NPH insulin typically reaches its peak effect within what timeframe after administration?
NPH insulin typically reaches its peak effect within what timeframe after administration?
- 2-4 hours
- 12-16 hours
- 1-3 hours
- 4-12 hours (correct)
When mixing rapid-acting and intermediate-acting insulin, which sequence should the nurse follow?
When mixing rapid-acting and intermediate-acting insulin, which sequence should the nurse follow?
- It does not matter which order the insulins are withdrawn in, as long as the correct dose is administered.
- Inject air into the rapid-acting insulin vial, then inject air into the intermediate-acting insulin vial, withdraw the intermediate-acting insulin, then withdraw the rapid-acting insulin.
- Withdraw the intermediate-acting insulin first, then withdraw the rapid-acting insulin.
- Inject air into the intermediate-acting insulin vial, then inject air into the rapid-acting vial, withdraw the rapid-acting insulin, then withdraw the intermediate-acting insulin. (correct)
A patient refuses to take their scheduled oral medication. What is the nurse's most appropriate initial action?
A patient refuses to take their scheduled oral medication. What is the nurse's most appropriate initial action?
Which medication is commonly prescribed to treat hypothyroidism?
Which medication is commonly prescribed to treat hypothyroidism?
Lisinopril is prescribed for a patient with hypertension. Which assessment finding would indicate that the medication is effective?
Lisinopril is prescribed for a patient with hypertension. Which assessment finding would indicate that the medication is effective?
Which of the following is a manifestation of digoxin toxicity?
Which of the following is a manifestation of digoxin toxicity?
An adverse effect to monitor for in patients taking digoxin is:
An adverse effect to monitor for in patients taking digoxin is:
Which electrolyte imbalance increases the risk of digoxin toxicity?
Which electrolyte imbalance increases the risk of digoxin toxicity?
A patient taking nitroglycerin complains of a headache. What should the nurse do FIRST?
A patient taking nitroglycerin complains of a headache. What should the nurse do FIRST?
Before administering digoxin, what assessment is MOST important for the nurse to perform?
Before administering digoxin, what assessment is MOST important for the nurse to perform?
What is the antidote for warfarin?
What is the antidote for warfarin?
Which medication is contraindicated for a patient taking warfarin due to an increased risk of bleeding?
Which medication is contraindicated for a patient taking warfarin due to an increased risk of bleeding?
Which adverse effect should the nurse monitor for in a patient taking beta-blockers?
Which adverse effect should the nurse monitor for in a patient taking beta-blockers?
A patient has developed a 'tolerance' to a narcotic medication. What does this indicate?
A patient has developed a 'tolerance' to a narcotic medication. What does this indicate?
Which of the following is a manifestation of lithium toxicity?
Which of the following is a manifestation of lithium toxicity?
A patient is taking metronidazole. Which adverse effect should the nurse educate the patient about?
A patient is taking metronidazole. Which adverse effect should the nurse educate the patient about?
Which class of medications is MOST likely to increase a patient's risk of falls?
Which class of medications is MOST likely to increase a patient's risk of falls?
A patient is prescribed disulfiram for alcohol use disorder. What should the patient be educated to avoid?
A patient is prescribed disulfiram for alcohol use disorder. What should the patient be educated to avoid?
A patient is taking alprazolam for anxiety. What activity should the patient AVOID while taking this medication?
A patient is taking alprazolam for anxiety. What activity should the patient AVOID while taking this medication?
A patient is prescribed diazepam. Which of the following is a potential adverse effect of this medication?
A patient is prescribed diazepam. Which of the following is a potential adverse effect of this medication?
A patient is taking phenytoin. Which adverse effect requires immediate discontinuation of the medication?
A patient is taking phenytoin. Which adverse effect requires immediate discontinuation of the medication?
A patient receiving IV morphine has developed respiratory depression. Which medication should the nurse prepare to administer?
A patient receiving IV morphine has developed respiratory depression. Which medication should the nurse prepare to administer?
A patient overdoses on an opioid analgesic. Which medication should be administered?
A patient overdoses on an opioid analgesic. Which medication should be administered?
What is the antidote for benzodiazepines?
What is the antidote for benzodiazepines?
A patient is taking omeprazole for peptic ulcer disease. What manifestation indicates that the medication is effective?
A patient is taking omeprazole for peptic ulcer disease. What manifestation indicates that the medication is effective?
Which of the following is a modifiable risk factor for hypertension?
Which of the following is a modifiable risk factor for hypertension?
What is the primary action of aspirin in a patient experiencing a myocardial infarction?
What is the primary action of aspirin in a patient experiencing a myocardial infarction?
Which of the following is a non-modifiable risk factor for stroke?
Which of the following is a non-modifiable risk factor for stroke?
A nurse administers the wrong medication to a client. What is the priority nursing action?
A nurse administers the wrong medication to a client. What is the priority nursing action?
Where should the nurse assess for the apical pulse?
Where should the nurse assess for the apical pulse?
Which of the following is a modifiable risk factor for heart disease?
Which of the following is a modifiable risk factor for heart disease?
The nurse receives a lab result indicating that a patient's INR is elevated. What action should the nurse take FIRST?
The nurse receives a lab result indicating that a patient's INR is elevated. What action should the nurse take FIRST?
What is the action of glipizide on glucose control?
What is the action of glipizide on glucose control?
A patient on Lisinopril reports a persistent, dry cough. What is the most appropriate nursing intervention related to the medication?
A patient on Lisinopril reports a persistent, dry cough. What is the most appropriate nursing intervention related to the medication?
A patient is prescribed nitroglycerin for angina. What instruction should the nurse include in the patient's education regarding its use for acute chest pain?
A patient is prescribed nitroglycerin for angina. What instruction should the nurse include in the patient's education regarding its use for acute chest pain?
A client on warfarin has an elevated INR. Which of the following nursing interventions is most appropriate based on this laboratory result?
A client on warfarin has an elevated INR. Which of the following nursing interventions is most appropriate based on this laboratory result?
What is the primary reason for assessing a patient's apical pulse before administering digoxin?
What is the primary reason for assessing a patient's apical pulse before administering digoxin?
Which modifiable lifestyle factor is most important for a patient with hypertension to control their blood pressure?
Which modifiable lifestyle factor is most important for a patient with hypertension to control their blood pressure?
A patient who has been taking a narcotic pain medication for several months reports that it is no longer effectively controlling their pain. What does this most likely indicate?
A patient who has been taking a narcotic pain medication for several months reports that it is no longer effectively controlling their pain. What does this most likely indicate?
What is the primary goal of health promotion activities for a client with hypertension?
What is the primary goal of health promotion activities for a client with hypertension?
A patient taking metronidazole reports drinking a glass of wine with dinner. What potential adverse effect should the nurse monitor for?
A patient taking metronidazole reports drinking a glass of wine with dinner. What potential adverse effect should the nurse monitor for?
A patient is prescribed alprazolam for anxiety. What nursing education is important regarding the use of this medication?
A patient is prescribed alprazolam for anxiety. What nursing education is important regarding the use of this medication?
When administering NPH insulin, what timeframe should the nurse inform the patient to be most vigilant for symptoms of hypoglycemia due to the medication's peak effect?
When administering NPH insulin, what timeframe should the nurse inform the patient to be most vigilant for symptoms of hypoglycemia due to the medication's peak effect?
A patient is prescribed both rapid-acting and intermediate-acting insulin. What is the rationale for drawing up the rapid-acting insulin into the syringe first?
A patient is prescribed both rapid-acting and intermediate-acting insulin. What is the rationale for drawing up the rapid-acting insulin into the syringe first?
A patient taking digoxin is also prescribed a diuretic. The nurse knows to monitor one electrolyte level closely because alterations in this electrolyte can predispose the patient to digoxin toxicity. Which electrolyte is of MOST concern?
A patient taking digoxin is also prescribed a diuretic. The nurse knows to monitor one electrolyte level closely because alterations in this electrolyte can predispose the patient to digoxin toxicity. Which electrolyte is of MOST concern?
A patient is prescribed disulfiram as part of an alcohol use disorder treatment program. Which of the following instructions is MOST important for the nurse to emphasize to the patient?
A patient is prescribed disulfiram as part of an alcohol use disorder treatment program. Which of the following instructions is MOST important for the nurse to emphasize to the patient?
A patient who has been taking phenytoin for seizure control is started on omeprazole for acid reflux. Recognizing the potential drug interaction, the nurse should closely monitor the patient for:
A patient who has been taking phenytoin for seizure control is started on omeprazole for acid reflux. Recognizing the potential drug interaction, the nurse should closely monitor the patient for:
Flashcards
Glipizide Action
Glipizide Action
Glipizide stimulates the release of insulin from the pancreatic beta cells, lowering blood glucose levels.
NPH Insulin Peak Time
NPH Insulin Peak Time
NPH insulin typically peaks between 4 to 12 hours after administration.
Patient's Right to Refuse Meds
Patient's Right to Refuse Meds
Patients have the right to refuse medication. The nurse should assess the reason for refusal, educate about the medication, and document the refusal.
Hypothyroidism Medication
Hypothyroidism Medication
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Lisinopril Mechanism & Efficacy
Lisinopril Mechanism & Efficacy
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Digoxin Toxicity Manifestations
Digoxin Toxicity Manifestations
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Adverse Effects of Digoxin
Adverse Effects of Digoxin
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Electrolyte Monitoring with Digoxin
Electrolyte Monitoring with Digoxin
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Nitroglycerin Adverse Effects
Nitroglycerin Adverse Effects
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Pre-Administration Assessment for Digoxin
Pre-Administration Assessment for Digoxin
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Warfarin Antidote
Warfarin Antidote
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Warfarin Contraindications
Warfarin Contraindications
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Beta-Blocker Adverse Effect
Beta-Blocker Adverse Effect
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Narcotic Tolerance
Narcotic Tolerance
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Lithium Toxicity Manifestations
Lithium Toxicity Manifestations
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Metronidazole Adverse Effects
Metronidazole Adverse Effects
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Fall Risk Medications
Fall Risk Medications
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Disulfiram Education
Disulfiram Education
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Alprazolam Precautions
Alprazolam Precautions
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Diazepam Side Effect
Diazepam Side Effect
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Phenytoin Adverse Effect
Phenytoin Adverse Effect
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Morphine Antidote
Morphine Antidote
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Opioid Overdose Med
Opioid Overdose Med
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Benzodiazepine Antagonist
Benzodiazepine Antagonist
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Omeprazole Therapeutic Effects
Omeprazole Therapeutic Effects
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Hypertension Modifiable Risks
Hypertension Modifiable Risks
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Aspirin Action in MI
Aspirin Action in MI
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Stroke Non-Modifiable Risks
Stroke Non-Modifiable Risks
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Medication Error Priority
Medication Error Priority
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Apical Pulse Location
Apical Pulse Location
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Heart Disease Modifiable Risks
Heart Disease Modifiable Risks
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Elevated INR Action
Elevated INR Action
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Study Notes
- These study notes cover various medications, their effects, contraindications, and related nursing interventions.
Glipizide
- This medication works by stimulating the pancreas to release insulin.
NPH Insulin
- NPH insulin peaks between 4-12 hours after administration.
Insulin Syringes
- Insulin syringes can hold a maximum of 100 units.
Patient Rights and Medication Refusal
- Patients have the right to refuse medication, respecting the 10 Rights of Medication Administration.
- If a patient refuses, the nurse should:
- Explore the reasons for refusal.
- Educate the patient about the medication's importance.
- Document the refusal and any education provided.
- Notify the provider.
Hypothyroidism Treatment
- Levothyroxine is used to treat hypothyroidism.
Lisinopril
- Lisinopril is an ACE inhibitor that works by blocking the conversion of angiotensin I to angiotensin II, resulting in vasodilation.
- Effective outcomes of lisinopril include:
- Lowered blood pressure.
- Reduced heart failure symptoms.
Digoxin Toxicity Manifestations
- Manifestations of digoxin toxicity include:
- Nausea, vomiting, and anorexia.
- Visual disturbances (blurred vision, yellow or green halos around lights).
- Bradycardia and dysrhythmias.
Digoxin Adverse Effects
- Adverse effects of digoxin include:
- Bradycardia.
- Dysrhythmias.
- Visual disturbances.
- GI upset.
Digoxin and Electrolytes
- Monitor potassium levels in patients taking digoxin.
- Hypokalemia can increase the risk of digoxin toxicity.
Nitroglycerin
- Adverse effects of nitroglycerin include:
- Headache.
- Hypotension.
- Dizziness.
- For a headache:
- It is an expected side effect, administer acetaminophen if prescribed.
- Monitor blood pressure.
- Expected adverse effects include headache, flushing, and dizziness.
Digoxin Administration
- Before administering digoxin, the nurse should:
- Assess apical pulse for one full minute.
- Check digoxin and potassium levels.
- Documentation is required for:
- Irregular heart rate.
- Heart rate below 60 bpm.
- Signs of digoxin toxicity.
Warfarin Antidote
- Vitamin K is the antidote for warfarin.
Warfarin Contraindications
- Medications contraindicated with warfarin include:
- Aspirin and NSAIDs.
- Other anticoagulants.
- Certain antibiotics.
Beta-Blocker Adverse Effects
- Monitor for bradycardia as an adverse effect of beta-blockers.
Narcotic Tolerance
- Tolerance to a narcotic medication means the patient requires more of the medication to achieve the same effect.
Lithium Toxicity
- Manifestations of lithium toxicity include:
- Tremors.
- Confusion.
- Nausea and vomiting.
- Muscle weakness.
- Seizures.
Metronidazole Adverse Effects
- Adverse effects of metronidazole include:
- Nausea and vomiting.
- Metallic taste.
- Dark urine.
- Peripheral neuropathy.
Sedative-Hypnotics and Falls
- Sedative-hypnotics can increase a patient's risk of falls.
Disulfiram Education
- Patients on disulfiram should be educated not to consume alcohol.
Alprazolam Education
- Avoid alcohol and activities requiring alertness when taking alprazolam.
Diazepam
- A side effect/adverse effect of diazepam is respiratory depression.
Phenytoin Adverse Effects
- The most common adverse effect of phenytoin that requires immediate discontinuation is skin rash, indicating Stevens-Johnson Syndrome.
Morphine Antidote
- Naloxone is the antidote/antagonist for morphine.
Opioid Overdose
- Naloxone is administered for opioid analgesic overdose.
Benzodiazepine Antagonist
- Flumazenil is an antagonist for benzodiazepines.
Omeprazole Therapeutic Effects
- Effective outcomes of omeprazole include a decrease in heartburn and acid reflux symptoms.
Hypertension Health Promotion
- Modifiable risk factors for hypertension include:
- Obesity.
- High sodium intake.
- Physical inactivity.
- Excessive alcohol consumption.
- Interventions:
- Diet changes (low sodium, DASH diet).
- Regular exercise.
- Weight loss.
- Limit alcohol intake.
Aspirin for Heart Attack
- Aspirin's action in a heart attack is to prevent further clot formation by inhibiting platelet aggregation.
Stroke Risk Factors
- Non-modifiable risk factors for stroke include:
- Age.
- Race.
- Family history.
Medication Error
- The priority nursing action for a medication error is to assess the patient and ensure their safety.
Apical Pulse Assessment
- Assess the apical pulse at the fifth intercostal space, midclavicular line.
Heart Disease Risk Factors
- Modifiable risk factors for heart disease include:
- Smoking.
- High cholesterol.
- High blood pressure.
- Physical inactivity.
- Obesity.
- Diabetes.
Elevated INR
- If a patient has an elevated INR, the nurse should:
- Hold the next dose of warfarin and notify the provider.
- Administer Vitamin K if prescribed.
- Monitor for signs of bleeding.
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