Medications in Medical-Surgical Nursing
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Questions and Answers

What is the primary mechanism of action of pramlintide?

  • Slowing gastric emptying and reducing glucagon secretion (correct)
  • Increasing glucose uptake in peripheral tissues
  • Stimulating insulin secretion
  • Inhibiting glucose output from the liver

    • Which side effect is commonly associated with pramlintide therapy?

  • Hypoglycemia (correct)
  • Muscle cramps
  • Increased appetite
  • Weight gain

    • Where should pramlintide be injected subcutaneously?

  • Leg
  • Thigh or abdomen (correct)
  • Arm
  • Back

    • What is the class of medications that pramlintide belongs to?

    <p>Amylin analogs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the brand name of the medication that contains pramlintide?

    <p>Symlin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the effect of pramlintide on appetite?

    <p>Decreases appetite</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the effect of pramlintide on glucagon secretion?

    <p>Decreases glucagon secretion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the effect of pramlintide on gastric emptying?

    <p>Slows gastric emptying</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of self-monitoring of blood glucose in diabetes management?

    <p>To make decisions about food intake and activity patterns</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In which situation is emergency management of DKA necessary?

    <p>When fluid and electrolyte imbalances are severe</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary goal of fluid and electrolyte therapy in DKA management?

    <p>To replace extracellular and intracellular water and correct electrolyte deficits</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a potential complication of insulin therapy in DKA management?

    <p>Hypokalemia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How is insulin administered in HHS management?

    <p>By IV infusion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main difference between the management of DKA and HHS?

    <p>HHS requires more fluid replacement</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary goal of monitoring electrolytes in HHS management?

    <p>To monitor and replace electrolyte deficits</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is HHS considered a medical emergency?

    <p>Because it has a high mortality rate</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the first action to take when a patient shows signs of hypoglycemia?

    <p>Check the patient's blood glucose level if possible</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the 'Rule of 15' used for in hypoglycemia treatment?

    <p>To administer 15g of simple carbohydrate, then recheck the blood glucose level 15 minutes later</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why should the patient avoid consuming large quantities of quick-acting carbohydrates during hypoglycemia treatment?

    <p>To avoid a rapid fluctuation to hyperglycemia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should be administered to an unconscious patient experiencing hypoglycemia?

    <p>A subcutaneous or IM injection of 1mg glucagon, or IV administration of 25-50mL of 50% glucose</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary goal of providing additional patient teaching after an acute episode of hypoglycemia?

    <p>To avoid future episodes of hypoglycemia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the recommended blood glucose level at which to initiate treatment for hypoglycemia?

    <p>Below 70mg/dL</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should the patient ingest after recovery from an acute episode of hypoglycemia to prevent another hypoglycemic attack?

    <p>A complex carbohydrate</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When should the HCP be contacted during hypoglycemia treatment?

    <p>If no significant improvement occurs after two or three doses of 15g of simple carbohydrate</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary effect of GLP-1 agonist drugs on insulin?

    <p>Increase insulin release</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the recommended duration of moderate-intensity aerobic physical activity per week?

    <p>At least 150 minutes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the potential effect of delayed gastric emptying on other oral medications?

    <p>Decreased absorption</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary goal of nutrition therapy in type 2 diabetes?

    <p>Achieving glucose, lipid, and BP goals</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the recommended frequency of resistance training per week?

    <p>3 times</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the potential effect of regular exercise on blood glucose levels?

    <p>Decrease blood glucose levels</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who is often responsible for initially teaching the principles of nutrition in interprofessional diabetes care?

    <p>Dietitian</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the potential effect of GLP-1 agonist drugs on gastric emptying?

    <p>Decrease gastric emptying</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the recommended timeframe for taking fast-acting oral agents before injecting a GLP-1 agonist drug?

    <p>At least 1 hour</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the potential effect of modest weight loss on insulin resistance and glucose control?

    <p>Improve insulin resistance and glucose control</p> Signup and view all the answers

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