Medication List for Functional Ability Flashcards

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Questions and Answers

What is the classification of pilocarpine (Pilocar)?

Prostaglandin analog
Miotic (correct)
Antihistamine
Cholinergic (correct)

What is the action of pilocarpine (Pilocar)?

Stimulates constriction of pupil to decrease intraocular pressure and to promote outflow of aqueous humor.

What is the reason for prescribing pilocarpine (Pilocar)?

Glaucoma

Which of the following are side effects of pilocarpine (Pilocar)?

Blurred vision (A), Vascular congestion (C), Decreased night vision (D) Signup and view all the answers

What nursing considerations should be taken when administering pilocarpine (Pilocar)?

Use appropriate technique when instilling eye drops; advise patient to avoid night-time driving. Signup and view all the answers

What is the classification of latanoprost (Xalatan)?

Prostaglandin analog (B) Signup and view all the answers

What action does latanoprost (Xalatan) perform?

Increase outflow of aqueous fluid through the ciliary muscle by relaxation of the muscle. Signup and view all the answers

What are the side effects of latanoprost (Xalatan)?

Bloodshot eyes (B), Eye color may turn permanently brown (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the reason for prescribing latanoprost (Xalatan)?

Glaucoma Signup and view all the answers

What is the classification of timolol maleate (Timoptic)?

Beta-adrenergic blocker (C) Signup and view all the answers

What action does timolol maleate (Timoptic) perform?

Increases outflow of aqueous humor and decreases formation of aqueous humor. Signup and view all the answers

What is the reason for prescribing timolol maleate (Timoptic)?

Glaucoma Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following are side effects of timolol maleate (Timoptic)?

Pain (C), Blurred vision (D) Signup and view all the answers

What nursing considerations should be taken when administering timolol maleate (Timoptic)?

Use appropriate technique when instilling eye drops; monitor for systemic effects. Signup and view all the answers

What is the classification of diphenhydramine (Benadryl)?

Antihistamine (A) Signup and view all the answers

What action does diphenhydramine (Benadryl) perform?

Blocks the effects of histamine and H1 receptor sites. Signup and view all the answers

What are the reasons for prescribing diphenhydramine (Benadryl)?

Allergies (A), Sleep promotion (B), Motion sickness (C) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following are side effects of diphenhydramine (Benadryl)?

Blurry vision (B), Dry mouth (C), Drowsiness (D) Signup and view all the answers

What nursing considerations should be taken when administering diphenhydramine (Benadryl)?

Discourage use in elderly due to CNS effects and increased risk for falls; avoid concurrent use of ETOH. Signup and view all the answers

What is the classification of zolpidem (Ambien)?

Non-benzodiazepine hypnotic (A) Signup and view all the answers

What action does zolpidem (Ambien) perform?

Binds to benzodiazepine receptors of GABA receptor complex. Signup and view all the answers

What is the reason for prescribing zolpidem (Ambien)?

Sleep promotion Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following are side effects of zolpidem (Ambien)?

Dizziness (B), Sleep-walking (C), Drowsiness (D) Signup and view all the answers

What nursing considerations should be taken when administering zolpidem (Ambien)?

Allot at least 8 hours of sleep time after administration; avoid taking when must awaken in less than 6-8 hours. Signup and view all the answers

What is the classification of eszopiclone (Lunesta)?

Non-benzodiazepine hypnotic (D) Signup and view all the answers

What action does eszopiclone (Lunesta) perform?

Mechanism of action not well understood. Signup and view all the answers

What is the reason for prescribing eszopiclone (Lunesta)?

Sleep promotion (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following are side effects of eszopiclone (Lunesta)?

Sleep-walking (B), Drowsiness (C) Signup and view all the answers

What nursing considerations should be taken when administering eszopiclone (Lunesta)?

Allot at least 8 hours of sleep time after administration; avoid taking when must awaken in less than 6-8 hours. Signup and view all the answers

What is the classification of duloxetine?

SSNRI (D) Signup and view all the answers

What action does duloxetine perform?

Inhibits the reuptake of serotonin and norepinephrine in the central nervous system, increases dopamine by acting on dopamine reuptake pumps. Signup and view all the answers

What is the reason for prescribing duloxetine?

Depression (A), Anxiety relief (D) Signup and view all the answers

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Study Notes

Pilocarpine (Pilocar)

Classification: Miotic, Cholinergic
Action: Stimulates pupil constriction, reducing intraocular pressure and promoting aqueous humor outflow
Indication: Primarily used for glaucoma treatment
Side Effects: Decreased night vision, blurred vision, vascular congestion, blepharospasm, and increased lacrimation
Nursing Considerations: Use proper technique for administering eye drops; advise against night-time driving

Latanoprost (Xalatan)

Classification: Prostaglandin analog
Action: Increases outflow of aqueous fluid through relaxation of the ciliary muscle
Indication: Used for managing glaucoma
Side Effects: Bloodshot eyes, blurred vision, itching/burning, potential permanent browning of eye color
Nursing Considerations: Correct administration technique required when using eye drops

Timolol Maleate (Timoptic)

Classification: Beta-adrenergic blocker
Action: Increases the outflow and decreases the formation of aqueous humor
Indication: Prescribed for glaucoma management
Side Effects: Blurred vision, ocular pain, photophobia, increased lacrimation, and blepharitis
Nursing Considerations: Ensure proper eye drop technique; monitor for any systemic effects

Diphenhydramine (Benadryl)

Classification: Antihistamine
Action: Blocks histamine effects by interacting with H1 receptors
Indications: Used for sleep promotion, allergies, and motion sickness
Side Effects: Can cause drowsiness, dizziness, dry mouth, urinary retention, blurred vision, and constipation
Nursing Considerations: Not recommended for elderly due to CNS effects; avoid alcohol interactions and use with caution in glaucoma patients

Zolpidem (Ambien)

Classification: Non-benzodiazepine hypnotic
Action: Binds to benzodiazepine receptors in the GABA receptor complex
Indication: Primarily prescribed for sleep promotion
Side Effects: Possibility of sleep-walking, drowsiness, dizziness, lightheadedness, weakness, and headaches
Nursing Considerations: Ensure a minimum of 8 hours of sleep post-administration; caution against taking if needing to awaken in less than 6-8 hours; monitor sleep patterns and maintain safety against sleep-walking

Eszopiclone (Lunesta)

Classification: Non-benzodiazepine hypnotic
Action: Mechanism not fully understood
Indication: Approved for sleep promotion and longer-term insomnia treatment
Side Effects: Similar to Zolpidem including sleep-walking, drowsiness, dizziness, lightheadedness, weakness, and headaches
Nursing Considerations: Similar precautions as Zolpidem regarding sleep duration and environment safety

Duloxetine

Classification: SNRI (Serotonin-Norepinephrine Reuptake Inhibitor)
Action: Inhibits serotonin and norepinephrine reuptake in the CNS and increases dopamine availability by acting on reuptake pumps
Indications: Treatment for depression and generalized anxiety disorder

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