Podcast
Questions and Answers
Which of the following describes a system of medication administration that requires a specific user verification?
Which of the following describes a system of medication administration that requires a specific user verification?
- Automated medication-dispensing (correct)
- Individual doses
- Barcode medication administration (correct)
- Unit-dose systems
What is NOT a requirement for medication dosages according to safety measures?
What is NOT a requirement for medication dosages according to safety measures?
- Providing frequency and strength
- Applying tall man lettering for look-alike drugs
- Using trailing zeros (correct)
- Displaying metric measurements
Which term refers to medications that can be obtained without a prescription?
Which term refers to medications that can be obtained without a prescription?
- Prescription medications
- Controlled substances
- Herbs and botanicals
- Non-prescription/Over the counter (OTC) (correct)
What is an incorrect assumption about herbal and botanical medications?
What is an incorrect assumption about herbal and botanical medications?
Which of the following routes of administration can be delivered via injection?
Which of the following routes of administration can be delivered via injection?
What is the acceptable time frame for administering medications in relation to the scheduled administration time?
What is the acceptable time frame for administering medications in relation to the scheduled administration time?
Which of the following is NOT a part of the right documentation process for medication administration?
Which of the following is NOT a part of the right documentation process for medication administration?
What should a healthcare provider do if a medication is not administered?
What should a healthcare provider do if a medication is not administered?
When should liquid medications be used or pills be crushed for elderly patients?
When should liquid medications be used or pills be crushed for elderly patients?
If a patient has food interactions with a medication, what should be checked before administration?
If a patient has food interactions with a medication, what should be checked before administration?
What is the primary purpose of Patient Controlled Analgesia (PCA)?
What is the primary purpose of Patient Controlled Analgesia (PCA)?
Which of the following methods would NOT reduce the risk of medication errors?
Which of the following methods would NOT reduce the risk of medication errors?
What does pharmacokinetics refer to?
What does pharmacokinetics refer to?
Which of the following is NOT one of the 'Five Rights' of medication administration?
Which of the following is NOT one of the 'Five Rights' of medication administration?
What could be an example of an administration error?
What could be an example of an administration error?
Which factor increases the risk of medication errors in the pediatric population?
Which factor increases the risk of medication errors in the pediatric population?
What is the main role of the pain management team in PCA?
What is the main role of the pain management team in PCA?
Why is public reporting of medication errors important?
Why is public reporting of medication errors important?
When assessing a patient's ability to swallow medication, which is a key consideration?
When assessing a patient's ability to swallow medication, which is a key consideration?
In safe medication administration, what should be verified with two patient identifiers?
In safe medication administration, what should be verified with two patient identifiers?
What is the correct way to write a dosage to ensure safety in medication administration?
What is the correct way to write a dosage to ensure safety in medication administration?
Which of the following routes of medication administration is NOT considered a non-invasive method?
Which of the following routes of medication administration is NOT considered a non-invasive method?
What is a primary consideration when using herbs and botanicals in medication therapy?
What is a primary consideration when using herbs and botanicals in medication therapy?
What does the term 'tall man lettering' help to address in medication administration?
What does the term 'tall man lettering' help to address in medication administration?
Which medication form is specifically referred to as over-the-counter (OTC)?
Which medication form is specifically referred to as over-the-counter (OTC)?
What should be documented if a medication is not administered?
What should be documented if a medication is not administered?
How soon can a medication be given before the scheduled administration time?
How soon can a medication be given before the scheduled administration time?
Which practice is recommended for documenting medication administration?
Which practice is recommended for documenting medication administration?
What is an important consideration for administering medication to children?
What is an important consideration for administering medication to children?
What key assessment should be conducted before administering certain medications like digoxin?
What key assessment should be conducted before administering certain medications like digoxin?
What are the key responsibilities when managing Patient Controlled Analgesia (PCA)?
What are the key responsibilities when managing Patient Controlled Analgesia (PCA)?
What aspect of drug action involves understanding how the body metabolizes a medication?
What aspect of drug action involves understanding how the body metabolizes a medication?
Which factor is NOT included in the medication assessment process?
Which factor is NOT included in the medication assessment process?
When administering medication, when should a healthcare provider check the medication label?
When administering medication, when should a healthcare provider check the medication label?
Which of the following conditions increases the risk of medication errors in the elderly population?
Which of the following conditions increases the risk of medication errors in the elderly population?
What is the correct action if a medication is not administered to a patient?
What is the correct action if a medication is not administered to a patient?
Which component of the Five Rights of Medication Administration involves confirming the patient’s identity?
Which component of the Five Rights of Medication Administration involves confirming the patient’s identity?
In which way can healthcare providers maximize communication to prevent medication errors?
In which way can healthcare providers maximize communication to prevent medication errors?
What is a common type of administration error that can occur?
What is a common type of administration error that can occur?
What is the function of a lock-out time in Patient Controlled Analgesia (PCA)?
What is the function of a lock-out time in Patient Controlled Analgesia (PCA)?
What is a critical safety measure to ensure correct medication administration for patients?
What is a critical safety measure to ensure correct medication administration for patients?
Which of the following best describes the importance of 'tall man lettering' in medication orders?
Which of the following best describes the importance of 'tall man lettering' in medication orders?
What is one reason why non-prescription (over-the-counter) medications are considered less risky than prescription medications?
What is one reason why non-prescription (over-the-counter) medications are considered less risky than prescription medications?
In which situation is it critical to verify the route of medication administration?
In which situation is it critical to verify the route of medication administration?
What is a significant safety concern when dealing with herbal or botanical medications?
What is a significant safety concern when dealing with herbal or botanical medications?
What documentation is required if a medication is not administered?
What documentation is required if a medication is not administered?
What is the appropriate action if a patient refuses to take medication?
What is the appropriate action if a patient refuses to take medication?
Which circumstance should be assessed before administering certain medications like digoxin?
Which circumstance should be assessed before administering certain medications like digoxin?
What should be done if medication is due to be administered but the patient is unable to swallow?
What should be done if medication is due to be administered but the patient is unable to swallow?
Which of the following actions is NOT recommended for safe medication administration?
Which of the following actions is NOT recommended for safe medication administration?
What action should be taken if there is no patient bracelet available before administering medication?
What action should be taken if there is no patient bracelet available before administering medication?
Which of the following describes a bolus rate in Patient Controlled Analgesia (PCA)?
Which of the following describes a bolus rate in Patient Controlled Analgesia (PCA)?
What should be evaluated in the medication assessment process regarding the patient's history?
What should be evaluated in the medication assessment process regarding the patient's history?
Which of the following is a potential cause of administration errors?
Which of the following is a potential cause of administration errors?
In the pharmacodynamics concept, which aspect focuses on the interactions and side effects of a drug on the body?
In the pharmacodynamics concept, which aspect focuses on the interactions and side effects of a drug on the body?
Which medication is classified as a high-risk medication due to the potential for serious harm if errors occur?
Which medication is classified as a high-risk medication due to the potential for serious harm if errors occur?
What does the term 'titration order' specifically refer to in medication protocols?
What does the term 'titration order' specifically refer to in medication protocols?
What is a key reason for implementing barcode scanning in medication administration?
What is a key reason for implementing barcode scanning in medication administration?
What fundamental aspect should be checked when confirming the right medication according to safety standards?
What fundamental aspect should be checked when confirming the right medication according to safety standards?
Which of the following components of the Five Rights of Medication Administration addresses the route of administration?
Which of the following components of the Five Rights of Medication Administration addresses the route of administration?
What does 'automated medication-dispensing' refer to in medication administration?
What does 'automated medication-dispensing' refer to in medication administration?
What is a crucial aspect of documenting medication doses?
What is a crucial aspect of documenting medication doses?
Which route of medication administration is indicated by 'IM'?
Which route of medication administration is indicated by 'IM'?
What is an essential consideration when using herbal or botanical medications?
What is an essential consideration when using herbal or botanical medications?
What is the primary purpose of using 'tall man lettering' in medication orders?
What is the primary purpose of using 'tall man lettering' in medication orders?
What should be documented if a medication is not given to a patient?
What should be documented if a medication is not given to a patient?
When administering medication, what is a necessary pre-administration assessment for certain medications like digoxin?
When administering medication, what is a necessary pre-administration assessment for certain medications like digoxin?
In reference to medication administration, what does the term 'Right Time' primarily entail?
In reference to medication administration, what does the term 'Right Time' primarily entail?
What is one of the main considerations when administering medication to elderly patients?
What is one of the main considerations when administering medication to elderly patients?
What should be avoided in the documentation process of medication administration?
What should be avoided in the documentation process of medication administration?
Which component of drug action describes how the body metabolizes a medication?
Which component of drug action describes how the body metabolizes a medication?
What is the primary purpose of the 'lock-out time' in Patient Controlled Analgesia (PCA)?
What is the primary purpose of the 'lock-out time' in Patient Controlled Analgesia (PCA)?
Which of the following factors is NOT part of the medication assessment process?
Which of the following factors is NOT part of the medication assessment process?
Why is it crucial to have two patient identifiers before administering medication?
Why is it crucial to have two patient identifiers before administering medication?
In what way can healthcare providers prevent medication errors?
In what way can healthcare providers prevent medication errors?
Which of the following describes an administration error?
Which of the following describes an administration error?
Which of these actions involves assessing a patient's ability to safely receive medications?
Which of these actions involves assessing a patient's ability to safely receive medications?
What is the function of the pain management team regarding Patient Controlled Analgesia (PCA)?
What is the function of the pain management team regarding Patient Controlled Analgesia (PCA)?
What common mistake can occur related to the administration of medications?
What common mistake can occur related to the administration of medications?
What is a critical aspect of medication administration concerning the pediatric population?
What is a critical aspect of medication administration concerning the pediatric population?
What safety measure involves verifying medication administration through scanning?
What safety measure involves verifying medication administration through scanning?
Which dosage format is considered safe according to medication administration guidelines?
Which dosage format is considered safe according to medication administration guidelines?
What term describes medications that require monitoring for therapeutic effectiveness and toxicity?
What term describes medications that require monitoring for therapeutic effectiveness and toxicity?
What classification of medications requires awareness of potential drug interactions due to their natural origins?
What classification of medications requires awareness of potential drug interactions due to their natural origins?
What is a key feature of tall man lettering in medication orders?
What is a key feature of tall man lettering in medication orders?
What should be documented if a medication is found to have side effects such as vomiting or pain levels after administration?
What should be documented if a medication is found to have side effects such as vomiting or pain levels after administration?
What should be done if a medication is prescribed to be administered when a patient cannot swallow?
What should be done if a medication is prescribed to be administered when a patient cannot swallow?
Which of the following is NOT a factor to check concerning medication interactions before administration?
Which of the following is NOT a factor to check concerning medication interactions before administration?
Which piece of information is NOT required for proper documentation after administering medication?
Which piece of information is NOT required for proper documentation after administering medication?
What is a special circumstance that should be considered when administering medications to children?
What is a special circumstance that should be considered when administering medications to children?
What is the main role of the pain team in managing Patient Controlled Analgesia (PCA)?
What is the main role of the pain team in managing Patient Controlled Analgesia (PCA)?
Which component of medication administration emphasizes knowing the patient's history and potential allergies?
Which component of medication administration emphasizes knowing the patient's history and potential allergies?
What does Pharmacodynamics focus on?
What does Pharmacodynamics focus on?
Which of the following is a significant risk factor for medication errors?
Which of the following is a significant risk factor for medication errors?
What does the lock-out time in PCA help to manage?
What does the lock-out time in PCA help to manage?
Which of the following is NOT included in the Five Rights of Medication Administration?
Which of the following is NOT included in the Five Rights of Medication Administration?
What is one major consideration when assessing a patient before medication administration?
What is one major consideration when assessing a patient before medication administration?
Which type of medication order is referred to as a standing protocol?
Which type of medication order is referred to as a standing protocol?
What is the primary focus of rigorously checking a medication label?
What is the primary focus of rigorously checking a medication label?
What is the recommended action if a patient does not have a patient identification bracelet?
What is the recommended action if a patient does not have a patient identification bracelet?
Flashcards
Medication Safety Measures
Medication Safety Measures
Procedures to ensure safe administration of medication, including using unit-dose systems, pre-packaged doses, and automated dispensing systems like Pyxis, or barcode scanning.
Medication Orders: Name
Medication Orders: Name
Prescription orders need to specify the medication's name/brand or generic (chemical) name. Look-alike/sound-alike names must be differentiated to prevent mistakes.
Medication Dosage
Medication Dosage
Medication orders must specify the dosage, frequency, and strength of the medication with precise units (metric, apothecary, or household). Avoid trailing zeros.
Medication Routes
Medication Routes
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Medication Types
Medication Types
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Medication Timing
Medication Timing
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Documentation Requirements
Documentation Requirements
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Right to Refuse
Right to Refuse
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Special Medication Administration Circumstances
Special Medication Administration Circumstances
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Pre-Administration Assessments
Pre-Administration Assessments
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PCA
PCA
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Pharmacokinetics
Pharmacokinetics
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Pharmacodynamics
Pharmacodynamics
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Medication Assessment
Medication Assessment
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Physical Assessment
Physical Assessment
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Five Rights of Medication Administration
Five Rights of Medication Administration
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What are the 2 patient identifiers?
What are the 2 patient identifiers?
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Error of Omission
Error of Omission
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High Risk Medications
High Risk Medications
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Reporting Medication Errors
Reporting Medication Errors
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Automated Medication Dispensing
Automated Medication Dispensing
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Tall Man Lettering
Tall Man Lettering
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Barcode Medication Administration
Barcode Medication Administration
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What are the 5 Rights of Medication Administration?
What are the 5 Rights of Medication Administration?
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What are two patient identifiers?
What are two patient identifiers?
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Right Time
Right Time
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Right Documentation
Right Documentation
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Special Circumstances
Special Circumstances
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Two Patient Identifiers
Two Patient Identifiers
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Right Time for meds
Right Time for meds
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Right Documentation of meds
Right Documentation of meds
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Can they swallow?
Can they swallow?
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Pre-Admin Assess: BP meds/HR
Pre-Admin Assess: BP meds/HR
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Right to Refuse meds
Right to Refuse meds
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5 Rights of Medication Administration
5 Rights of Medication Administration
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What is Tall Man Lettering?
What is Tall Man Lettering?
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Why are there 5 Rights of Medication Administration?
Why are there 5 Rights of Medication Administration?
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What is an error of omission?
What is an error of omission?
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Pre-Admin Assess for BP Meds/HR
Pre-Admin Assess for BP Meds/HR
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Right Patient
Right Patient
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Right Medication
Right Medication
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Right Route
Right Route
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Pre-Admin Assessment: BP meds/HR
Pre-Admin Assessment: BP meds/HR
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Study Notes
Medication Administration
- Safety measures are crucial, including using the Institute of Medicine (IOM) and Joint Commission on Accreditation of Healthcare Organizations (JCAHO) National Patient Safety Goals. Medication distribution systems include unit-dose, pre-packaged, and individually dosed systems, as well as automated dispensing machines (like Pyxis). Barcodes are used to ensure correct patient, drug, dose, time, route, and documentation.
- Types of medications include non-prescription (OTC), prescription drugs, herbs, and botanicals. Medication orders should include the name (brand/trade), dosage, frequency, route (PO, IM, IV, etc), and time of administration (before/after meals).
- Medication orders must clearly specify dosage, frequency, and route of administration. Trailing zeros should be avoided (e.g., 0.3, not 0.300) to prevent errors.
- Patient Controlled Analgesia (PCA) systems allow patients to self-administer pain medication. Basal rates provide continuous pain control, and bolus rates allow for additional doses as needed. Child PCA is often accompanied by a naloxone drip.
- Pharmacokinetics describe how the body processes a drug (absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion), while pharmacodynamics describes the drug's effect on the body (therapeutic, adverse, side effects, toxicity, drug interactions).
- Thorough medication assessment should include patient history, allergies, current medications, and orders, as well as diet and fluid orders and lab values. Physical assessments to ascertain the patient's swallowing ability, GI motility and body systems are important as well as the patient's understanding and compliance.
- Safe medication administration ensures medication is given correctly (five rights) and the intended dosage, route, time of administration, and patient are confirmed. Discrepancies between the received medication and the prescribed therapy need addressing. Errors of omission or incorrect administration techniques or the use of expired medications are potential issues to watch out for.
Medication Errors
- Guidelines exist to prevent errors in medication administration, including the use of standardized procedures and barcode scanning.
- Five rights of medication administration include the right patient, medication, dose, time, and route.
- Errors in medication administration should be reported as part of quality improvement (QI) measures
Safe Medication Administration
- Follow established protocols for medication administration, emphasizing patient safety.
- Double-checking medication orders and labeling, as well as checking expiration dates is vital.
Special Circumstances
- Be aware of special circumstances, such as needing to assist patients with swallowing.
- Ensuring patients can safely administer their medications safely and appropriately is important.
Medication Administration Routes
- Sublingual, buccal, topical, transdermal, ophthalmic, otic, nasal, inhaled, rectal and vaginal are all pertinent routes to consider depending on specific circumstances.
Oral Medications
- Oral medications are convenient, generally cause fewer side effects, and are inexpensive.
- Follow proper procedures such as pouring medications from a liquid cup and measuring with a syringe.
- Ensure liquid medication levels are at the recommended line on the syringe and ensure that the cup level is at the recommended line on the cup.
Parenteral Administration
- Intradermal, Intramuscular, Subcutaneous and intravenous injections are all important routes of administering medications.
- Appropriate techniques and injection sites are crucial for safe and effective parenteral administration.
Urinary Elimination
- Proper assessment of urinary elimination is crucial for providing appropriate patient care.
- Factors influencing urination include fluid intake, medications (narcotics, iron, antacids), and underlying health conditions (dysuria, polyuria, oliguria, anuria, hematuria, and incontinence).
- Measuring urine output, evaluating its characteristics, and identifying any abnormalities are important aspects of patient monitoring.
Bowel Elimination
- Factors influencing bowel elimination include nutrition (fiber, lactose intolerance, and gluten), fluid intake and medications.
- Altering bowel function can lead to constipation and fecal impaction.
- Patients may experience altered bowel function due to underlying health conditions or medications.
Diagnostics
- Diagnostic tools used to aid in assessing urinary and bowel function can include 24-hour urine samples, catheter samples, urine cultures and sensitivities, and stool samples for analysis.
Surgical Procedures
- Surgical procedures used to treat bowel or bladder problems could include urostomy and ileostomy/colostomy procedures. These surgeries may need a follow up assessment and care.
Endoscopy Procedures
- Diagnostic procedures such as esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD), and colonoscopy can be used to assess the upper gastrointestinal (GI) and lower GI tract respectively, and to remove polyps or other growths during these procedures.
- Proper procedure, cleaning, and preparation are important to prevent infection and damage to the digestive tract.
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