Medicalization and Mental Health Issues/ Socio Final

A mood disorder caused by the body's reaction to low levels of sunlight in the winter months. More common in women and city dwellers. Symptoms include changes in appetite, weight gain, fatigue, and anxiety.

The process through which aspects of life are redefined as biologically abnormal and in need of medical intervention. It involves defining a problem in medical terms, using medical language to describe it, adopting a medical framework to understand it, or using medical intervention to 'treat' it.

Foucault believed that there is a strong connection between knowledge and power.

<p>A term used to explain the medicalization of outrage, frustration, and anger, particularly among Black people, as a response to systemic racism.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A form of power produced through social structures that identify and govern people based on fabricated differences. This can result in the labeling of Black people as 'withdrawn,' 'apathetic,' or 'paranoid,' while other groups might be labeled as 'hostile' or 'narcissistic.'</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Conversion therapy is an example of a medicalized treatment that was used to attempt to change a person's sexual orientation, emphasizing the medicalized nature of homosexuality, which was once considered a disorder in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM).</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Social determinants of health are factors that influence health outcomes outside of medical care. These can include positive factors like income, access to quality healthcare, and public health measures. Negative factors include environmental pollution, job insecurity, and discrimination.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Canada's healthcare system is primarily publicly funded, with roughly 70% of healthcare costs covered by the government.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The Medical Care Act (1966) extended universal healthcare coverage to all provinces in Canada, marking a significant step towards universal and publicly funded healthcare.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The five key principles of the Canada Health Act are public administration, comprehensiveness, universality, portability, and accessibility.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Thomas Douglas</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Portability refers to the ability of Canadians to access healthcare services in any province or territory without significant disruptions or additional costs.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Public administration requires that provincial and territorial health insurance plans be managed by a public agency on a non-profit basis.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Comprehensiveness means that healthcare insurance plans must cover all insured health services provided by hospitals, physicians, and dentists.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Universality requires that all residents of a province or territory have equal access to publicly funded healthcare services, regardless of age, income, or employment status.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Accessibility means that Canadians should have reasonable access to insured hospital and physician services, without facing undue barriers like long wait times or financial hardship.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Neoliberalism is a philosophy that prioritizes deregulation, free market strategies, and individual responsibility. In healthcare, it has led to trends like corporate wellness programs and private insurance, which may create inequalities in access.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Margaret Thatcher, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom from 1979 to 1990, is considered a key figure in the rise of neoliberalism. She implemented policies that promoted free markets, privatization, deregulation, and reduced government intervention.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Political science examines the dynamics of power across different societies, particularly through the state.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Plutocracy</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Geopolitics examines the relationships between state power and geography, focusing on the link between authority and territory.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Sovereignty refers to a state's or people's ability to make and enforce decisions within a specific territory or jurisdiction.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A nation is a group of people who share cultural, religious, linguistic, and territorial attributes, forming a sense of collective identity and belonging.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A nation-state is a sovereign institution that governs a specific geographic region inhabited by a nation sharing a common identity.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Contemporary nationalism is often reactive and unites people around a sense of identity that is perceived to be under threat from external forces.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A diaspora is a group of people who have been dispersed from their homeland and maintain a connection to their origins.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>During this period, the Sikh community was formed under the guidance of ten living gurus, facing persecution from the Mughal Empire.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The Sikh Empire ruled Punjab and adjacent regions during this period.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The division of Punjab between India and Pakistan resulted in significant political violence and displacement for Sikh communities.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Tension arose in the 1970s between the Akali Dal, a Sikh political party, and the ruling Indian Congress Party, due to growing centralization of power in the Indian government. This led to the declaration of a state of emergency in India (1975-1977).</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>In 1984, the Indian military launched a siege against Jarnail Singh Bhindranwale and Sikh militants who had taken refuge in the Golden Temple, a sacred site for Sikhs.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The Air India bombings of 1985, which resulted in the deaths of 331 people, were an attack against the Indian state, possibly in retaliation for Operation Blue Star.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The display of Sikh nationalist imagery at Vaisakhi parades in Vancouver and Surrey led to backlash from Canadian and Indian governments.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Hardeep Singh Nijar, the president of a Surrey Gurdwara, was killed outside the temple. The murder led to diplomatic tensions between Canada and India.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Right-wing Hindu nationalism advocates for the dominance of Hindu identity in India, potentially excluding or marginalizing other religious groups.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Neverson argues that sports, often seen as a source of national unity and pride, have significant political dimensions that are often overlooked.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Sports events, symbols, rituals, and collective memories can contribute to a sense of national belonging.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Diplomacy involves engaging with other nations through negotiation and compromise to foster peaceful relationships, while national supremacy prioritizes asserting dominance and national self-interest.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Collective effervescence describes the powerful sense of unity, excitement, and energy that people experience during shared events, like sports games, which can strengthen group identity and belonging.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Collective effervescence is the intense energy, unity, and shared emotional experience that arises when people come together as a group, especially during rituals or events.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A set of beliefs and practices that bind people together into a moral community.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Durkheim defines religion as a unified system of beliefs and practices relative to sacred things, which are set apart and forbidden, bringing together a moral community that shares these beliefs and practices.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Polytheism refers to the belief in and worship of multiple gods or deities.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Measuring religiosity involves determining how people identify and practice their faith, including their level of religious commitment, frequency of attendance, involvement in religious activities, and the influence of religious beliefs on their daily lives.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Coleman distinguishes between 'episodic faith,' where people might believe in a higher power but don't necessarily identify with a specific religion, and 'dispositional faith,' where individuals may belong to a religious group but aren't necessarily deeply committed to its beliefs.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Secularization is the decline or weakening of religious beliefs and practices as societies modernize, often accompanied by a separation of religion and the state, or the privatization of faith.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Chaplaincy involves providing religious actors with a formal standing within secular institutions, like hospitals, prisons, or the military, to administer spiritual and religious services to the institutionalized population.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>'Laicite' emphasizes the strict separation of religion and state, often prioritizing national identity over religious affiliation, particularly in societies with strong secular traditions. 'Laicism', while also advocating for separation, is more flexible in its application and allows for greater tolerance of religious expression in public life.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Urban sociology focuses on the distinctive ways of life that develop in cities due to the process of urbanization.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Urbanization is the process of an increasing proportion of a population concentrating in cities.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They see urbanization not only as a population shift but also as a growing influence of cities on cultural, political, and economic life.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A blasé attitude is a lack of excitement or interest, often caused by overexposure to stimuli or a sense of familiarity.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Simmel argues that while the metropolis offers individuality and freedom, it also leads to psychological strain, alienation, and emotional detachment.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Wirth argues that cities, characterized by size and density, create distinct patterns of social interaction, leading to impersonality, anonymity, and social differentiation. Cities foster both social isolation and integration, creating opportunities for cultural exchange but also contributing to feelings of alienation.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Organic solidarity is the social cohesion that arises in modern complex societies with a highly specialized division of labor. People depend on each other for their specialized tasks, creating interdependence.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Industrialization</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Global cities are urban centers that play a crucial role in global economic, political, and cultural systems.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Segregation in urban areas refers to the spatial and social separation of different groups within cities, based on factors like race, ethnicity, socioeconomic status, or class.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Gentrification is the transformation of urban neighborhoods through the influx of higher-income residents, investment, and development, often leading to the displacement of lower-income residents.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Mechanical solidarity refers to the social bonds present in pre-modern societies. People are connected through shared traditions, beliefs, and experiences common in simple agricultural societies.</p> Signup and view all the answers