40 Questions
Which medication is associated with a side effect of sweating?
Isoniazid
Which of the following medications can cause blurred vision as a side effect?
Metronidazole
What is the term for shortness of breath that occurs while lying flat and is relieved by sitting or standing?
Orthopnea
Which medication is associated with a side effect of throbbing headache?
Cephalosporins
Which of the following is a safe laxative in pregnancy?
Docusate
Which of the following medications can cause chest pain as a side effect?
Isoniazid
Which medication is associated with a side effect of vertigo?
Griseofulvin
What is the concentration of sodium chloride used for wound cleansing with no antiseptic properties?
0.9%
Which of the following medications can cause hyperventilation as a side effect?
Isoniazid
What is the main element of Vitamin B12?
Cobalt
Which medication is associated with a side effect of weakness?
Isoniazid
Which of the following is an osmotic diuretic?
Mannitol
Where are the sensory receptors for hearing located?
Basilar membrane of the cochlea
Which of the following medications is not associated with severe diarrhea as a side effect?
Chloral hydrate
What is responsible for maintaining ear equilibrium?
Saccule
Which of the following is a characteristic of the layer of skin that is the rate limiting step for topical drug absorption?
Stratum corneum
What is the primary use of Dimercaprol?
To treat toxic exposure to arsenic
What is the result of zinc deficiency?
Poor wound healing
What is the daily recommended allowance of calcium for women?
1000-1500 mg
What is Rhabdomyosarcoma?
A type of soft tissue sarcoma
What is the purpose of Lactulose?
To decrease blood ammonia levels
What is Nosocomial?
Infections acquired in hospitals
What is the recommended dose frequency for flu vaccinations?
Annually
What is the most protective layer of skin?
Epidermis
Which of the following medications is NOT associated with a lab test or organ?
Nsaids
Which lab test is associated with the liver?
Bilirubin
Which of the following organs is associated with the lab test Cr Cl?
Kidney
Which lab test is associated with the thyroid?
Protein bound iodine
Which of the following lab tests is associated with the heart?
Lactate dehydrogenase
Which of the following medications is associated with a lab test?
Allopurinol
Which of the following organs is associated with the lab test Alkaline phosphatase?
Both A and B
Which of the following medications can cause hypokalemia?
Thiazides
Which lab test is associated with both the liver and bone?
Alkaline phosphatase
What is a common symptom of hypokalemia?
Tachycardia
Which medication can be used to remove excess potassium from the intestine in cases of hyperkalemia with no ECG change?
Rectal Sodium Polystyrene Sulfonate
Which of the following diuretics is safe to use in patients with a sulfa allergy?
Spironolactone
What is the term for drugs that have a dose-dependent effect?
Zero-order kinetics
Which of the following medications can have its action decreased by antacids?
Quinolones
What happens to the dose of clozapine when a patient quits smoking?
The dose is increased
What is a common symptom of hyperkalemia?
Bradycardia
Study Notes
Dimorphism and Fungi
- Dimorphism is the process of changing fungi from hyphae to yeast.
Medical Terms
- Orthopnea: shortness of breath (dyspnea) that occurs while lying flat and is relieved by sitting or standing.
- Docusate: a safe laxative in pregnancy; a stool softener and anionic SAA.
Medications
- Sodium chloride with 0.9% concentration is used for wound cleansing with no antiseptic properties.
- Chlorobutanol: a preservative, sedative, hypnotic, and weak local anesthetic similar to chloral hydrate.
Diseases and Disorders
- Encephalopathy: a reversible deterioration, while Nephropathy and Retinopathy are irreversible.
- Magnesium toxicity treatment: Calcium gluconate and/or furosemide.
Vitamins and Minerals
- Vitamin B12 (cyanocobalamin): cobalt is the main element.
Diuretics
- Mannitol: an osmotic diuretic (forced diuresis), contraindicated in CHF and pulmonary edema.
Anatomy and Physiology
- Sensory receptors for hearing: hair cells located on the basilar membrane of the cochlea.
- Inner ear part that maintains equilibrium: saccule.
- Equilibrium is controlled by the inner ear, vestibuolar system, and semicircular canals.
- Regulation of body temperature: hypothalamus.
- Vasomotor and respiratory centers are located in the medulla.
Skin and Skin Functions
- Keratin: present in the outer layer of skin.
- Stratum corneum: the rate-limiting step for topical drug absorption.
- Eoiderms: the most protective layer of skin.
Miscellaneous
- Vitamin A (Trans Retinol): teratogenic, not recommended in pregnancy.
- Dimercaprol: chelation treatment for toxic exposure to arsenic, mercury, gold, and lead.
- Varenicline: a partial nicotinic agonist used in smoking cessation.
- Zinc deficiency: leads to poor wound healing.
- Rhabdomyosarcoma: a type of soft tissue sarcoma that develops from skeletal (striated) muscle cells.
- Hiccups: similar to Tourette syndrome, but unrelated.
- Vitamins K: Vit.K1 (Phytomenadione), K2 (Menaquinone), and K3 (Menadione).
- Lactulose: decreases blood ammonia levels, used in the treatment of hyperammonemia.
Infections and Inflammations
- Nosocomial: infections acquired in hospitals or other healthcare facilities.
- Stevens-Johnson syndrome (SJS): a rare, serious disorder of the skin and mucous membranes, typically a reaction to medication.
Medication Interactions and Side Effects
- Benzoyl peroxide counseling: avoid contact with hair or clothes.
- Hypokalemia: caused by Thiazides, Loop diuretics, Acetazolamide, and other medications, symptoms include dry mouth, tachycardia, and muscle cramps.
- Hyperkalemia: caused by ACEIs, ARBs, Spironolactone, and other medications, symptoms include bradycardia, paralysis, and paresthesia.
- Antacids decrease the action of certain medications, such as cimetidine, ranitidine, isoniazid, and others.
- Smoking reduction drugs: require higher doses when quitting smoking, includes clozapine, olanzapine, and others.
This quiz covers various medical terms related to fungal transformation, respiratory issues, laxatives, and wound cleansing. Test your knowledge of medical terminology!
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