Medical Terminology Quiz

Medical Terminology Objectives

• Students will improve their understanding of medical terms used to describe signs and symptoms.
• Students will learn about different types of opposites and their meanings.

Opposites

• Brady = Slow
  • Bradycardia: Slow heart rate (<55/min)
  • Bradykinesia: Slow movements and reflexes
  • Bradypoea: Slow breathing
• Tachy = Rapid
  • Tachycardia: Rapid heart rate (>110/min)
  • Tachypnoea: Rapid breathing

Other Prefixes

• Cryo = Cold
  • Cryosurgery: Uses cold temperatures during surgery.
  • Cryopreservation: Preserving tissues at low temperatures.
• Thermo = Hot
  • Thermometer: Device used to measure temperature.
  • Burn: A type of thermal injury.
• EU = Good, normal, correct
  • Euthyroid state: Normal thyroid function.
  • Euphoria: Feeling of well-being and happiness.
• MAL = Bad
  • Malabsorption: Faulty or impaired absorption.
  • Malnutrition: Faulty or inadequate nutrition.
  • Malfunction: Malfunctioning (a state of malfunction)
• Malaise: Feeling of being ill
• Malacia: Abnormal softening of tissues
• Osteomalacia: Abnormal softening of bones (in vitamin D deficiency), often in rickets.

Other Prefixes

• NEO = New
  • Neoplasm: New growth or tumor.
  • Neonate: Newborn child.
• GERI = Old
  • Geriatrics: Study of diseases of old age.
  • Geriopsychosis: Dementia of old age.

Other Prefixes

• POLY/MULTI = Many, much
  • Multiparas: Woman with many children.
  • Multicellular organism: Organism consisting of many cells.
  • Polypeptide chain: Chain of linked amino acids.
  • Polymenorrhoea: Increased frequency of menstruation.
  • Polyuria: Increased frequency of urination.
  • Polyhydramnios: Increased amniotic fluid

Other Prefixes

• OLIGO = Few, little
  • Oligomenorrhoea: Scanty menstruation.
  • Oliguria: Low urine output.
  • Oligospermia: Low sperm count.
  • Oligohydramnios: Decreased amniotic fluid

Other Prefixes

• HYPER = High
  • Hypertension: High blood pressure.
  • Hyperglycemia: High blood sugar level.
  • Hyperthyroidism: Increased thyroid function.
  • Hyperpyrexia: Very high body temperature (40°C or more).

Other Prefixes

• HYPO = Low
  • Hypotension: Low blood pressure.
  • Hypothyroidism: Low thyroid function.
  • Hypoglycemia: Low blood glucose level.
  • Hyponatremia: Low sodium levels.
  • Calcemia: Low calcium levels.
  • Kalemia: Low potassium levels.
  • Uricemia: Low uric acid levels.

Negatives

• A = Not, without
  • Aphasia: Loss of speech.
  • Achlorohydria: Absence of hydrochloric acid (HCI) in gastric secretions.
  • Aspermia: Absence of spermatozoa in semen.
  • Apnea: No respiration.
  • Anosmia: Loss of sense of smell.
  • Amastia: Absence of breast tissue.

Others

• An = Not, without
  • Analgesia: Without pain (e.g., Paracetamol is an analgesic).
  • Anuria: Cessation of urination.
  • Anaerobic: Bacteria that can live without air/oxygen.

Others

• Anti = Against
  • Antibiotic: Drug that inhibits or kills bacteria.
  • Anti-emetic: Drug that stops vomiting.
  • Antipyretic: Drug that reduces fever.
  • Antibody: A protein that helps defend the body against infection.

Others

• Contra = Against
  • Contraception: Avoiding pregnancy.
  • Contraindications: Conditions preventing use of a specific treatment or drug.
  • Indication: Condition suggesting the use of a specific treatment or drug.

Others

• De = Remove, without
  • Decalcification: Removal of calcification.
  • Decolorization: Destaining or removal of colours.
  • Depigmentation: Removal of pigment.
  • Decompression: Removal of pressure.

Others

• Dis = Remove, absence
  • Disorder: Loss of order.
  • Disinfection: Sterilization.
  • Discoloration: Abnormal or loss of normal coloration (e.g., Cyanosis, Jaundice, Xanthoma).

Others

• Dys = Difficult
  • Dysphagia: Difficulty swallowing.
  • Dyspnea: Difficulty breathing.
  • Dysuria: Difficulty and pain during urination.
  • Dysfunction: Abnormality of function.

Others

• In = Not
  • Insomnia: Sleeplessness.
  • Insufficient: Not enough.
  • Inefficient: Poor performance.
  • Inaudible: Cannot be heard.

Others

• Im = Not
  • Impolite: Not well-mannered.
  • Immortal: Eternal.
  • Immobilization: To prevent movement.
  • Impermeable: Does not allow passage of substances.

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