Medical Terminology Quiz

Medical Terminology

• Coronary: Pertaining to the heart
• Embolus: Traveling clot that blocks a blood vessel
• Diastole: Relaxation phase of the heartbeat
• Hemorrhoids: Swollen blood vessels in the rectum
• Cyanosis: Bluish coloration of the skin
• Fibrillation: Abnormal rapid heart rhythm
• Systole: Contraction phase of the heartbeat
• Angina: Pain
• Phlebotomy: Incision of a vein
• Vasodilation: Widening of a vessel
• Antiviral produced by T cells: Interferons and interleukins
• Humoral immunity: Immune response where B cells transform into plasma cells and secrete antibodies, which are found in the spaces between cells and become lymph when entering lymph capillaries.
• Cell-mediated immunity: Immune response where T cells destroy antigens
• Toxic: Pertaining to poison
• Lymphocytosis: Slight increase in the number of lymphocytes
• CT scans: Computerized x-ray imaging in the transverse plane
• Bone marrow: Produces lymphocytes, monocytes, and other blood cells
• Lymphopoiesis: Formation of lymph
• Spleen: Abdominal organ that filters erythrocytes and activates lymphocytes
• Interstitial fluid: Fluid in the spaces between cells
• Capillary: Smallest blood vessel
• Aorta: Largest artery in the body

Heart Anatomy and Physiology

• Ventricle: Lower chamber of the heart
• Tricuspid valve: Valve between the right atrium and ventricle
• Pulmonary veins: Carry blood from the lungs to the heart
• Superior vena cava: Brings blood to the heart from upper body parts
• Atrium: Upper chamber of the heart
• Mitral valve: Valve between the left atrium and ventricle
• Pulmonary artery: Carries blood to the lungs from the heart
• Arteriole: Small artery
• Sinoatrial (SA) node: Pacemaker of the heart
• Pericardium: Sac-like membrane surrounding the heart
• Systole: Contractive phase of the heartbeat
• Diastole: Relaxation phase of the heartbeat
• Murmur: Abnormal heart sound due to improper closure of heart valves
• Arteriosclerosis: Hardening of arteries
• Cardiomegaly: Enlargement of the heart
• Thrombophlebitis: Inflammation of a vein with a clot
• Cardiomyopathy: Disease condition of the heart muscle
• Tachycardia: Condition of rapid heartbeat
• Flutter: Rapid but regular atrial or ventricular contractions
• Mitral valve prolapse: Improper closure of the valve between the left atrium and ventricle during systole
• Coronary artery disease: Blockage of arteries around the heart leading to ischemia
• Hypertensive heart disease: High blood pressure affecting the heart
• Tetralogy of Fallot: Congenital narrowing of the large artery leading from the heart
• Fibrillation: Rapid, random, ineffective, and irregular contractions of the heart

Other Medical Conditions and Procedures

• Congestive heart failure: Inability of the heart to pump the required amount of blood
• Coarctation of the heart: Congenital malformation involving four separate heart defects
• Auscultation: Listening with a stethoscope
• Vegetations: Lesions that form on heart valves after damage by infection
• Petechiae: Small pinpoint hemorrhages
• Secondary hypertension: High blood pressure due to kidney disease
• Essential hypertension: High blood pressure with unexplained cause
• Aneurysm: Local widening of an artery
• Claudication: Pain, tension, and weakness in a limb after walking
• Emboli: Clots that travel to and suddenly block a blood vessel
• Goiter: Enlargement of the thyroid gland
• Sodium: Natr/o is the combining form for
• Potassium: Kal/i is the combining form for
• Presbyopia: Impaired vision due to old age
• Palpebr/o: Means eyelid
• Tonometry: Method to diagnose glaucoma
• Myopia: Nearsightedness
• Kerat/o: Combining form for cornea
• Tinnitus: Sensations of noises in the ears without an external source
• Vertigo: Dizziness
• Stapedectomy: Removal of a middle ear bone
• Myelosuppression: Hypoplasia of bone marrow
• Osteogenic sarcoma: A cancerous tumor derived from bone

Miscellaneous

• Relapse: Return of symptoms of disease
• Erythema: Redness of skin, often a side effect of radiation therapy
• Fibrosarcoma: Malignant tumor of fibrous tissue
• Mushrooming pattern of growth: Description of a fungating tumor as tumor cells pile on top of each other
• Mitosis: Cell replication
• Pharmacokinetics: Study of the distribution and removal of drugs in the body