Intro to Infectious Diseases Quiz
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Questions and Answers

What is the primary distinction between disease and infection?

  • Infection is the adverse effect on the host, while disease is the invasion and multiplication of a pathogen.
  • Infection is a broader term that includes disease, but disease is a more specific term.
  • Disease is caused by a physical injury, while infection is not.
  • Disease is the adverse effect on the host, while infection is the invasion and multiplication of a pathogen. (correct)

    • What is the term for the study of the cause of a disease?

  • Pathology
  • Microbiology
  • Epidemiology
  • Etiology (correct)

    • Who developed the pasteurization process and the rabies and anthrax vaccine?

  • Robert Koch
  • Agostino Bassi
  • Louis Pasteur (correct)
  • Antonie van Leeuwenhoek

    • What is the term for a disease that can be spread via direct or indirect contact from one animal to another?

    <p>Communicable disease</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of 'Koch's Postulates'?

    <p>To confirm the cause of a disease</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a characteristic of commensal pathogens?

    <p>They can skip the step of entering the host as they are already present.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following best describes zoonotic pathogens?

    <p>Zoonotic pathogens are transmitted to humans from animals.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is necessary for pathogens to establish a unique habitat within the host?

    <p>They must cross physical barriers of the host or breach the host's natural defenses.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the relationship between exposure and infection?

    <p>Exposure does not necessarily mean infection.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the most common outcome of viral infections?

    <p>Development of immunity.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is true about the multiplication of pathogens within the host?

    <p>It typically causes disease within the host.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a fundamental limitation of Koch's Postulates?

    <p>It assumes the pathogen can be grown in a pure culture</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following types of microbes is capable of causing disease?

    <p>Any microbe, regardless of its relationship with the host</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What percentage of microbes are capable of causing disease?

    <p>Less than 5%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary characteristic that defines a pathogen?

    <p>Its ability to cause disease</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the smallest type of microbe?

    <p>Prion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of pathogen always causes disease in order to transmit and survive evolutionarily?

    <p>Obligate pathogen</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of pathogen is typically found in the indigenous microbiota of a host?

    <p>Commensal pathogen</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of pathogen causes disease only when the host has an impairment in immunity?

    <p>Opportunistic pathogen</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of pathogen can replicate within the environment and is capable of infecting and multiplying within a host?

    <p>Facultative pathogen</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of pathogen is transmitted from the environment into the host, where it can cause disease?

    <p>Environmental pathogen</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What occurs when there is overgrowth of a commensal pathogen?

    <p>Disease is caused</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the possible outcomes if a host is infected with a pathogen, regardless if they have clinical and or non-clinical signs?

    <p>The host will eliminate the pathogen from its system or will become a carrier of the pathogen</p> Signup and view all the answers

    During which stage of infectious disease are general, non-specific signs present?

    <p>Prodromal</p> Signup and view all the answers

    During which stage of infectious disease are signs and symptoms more severe and specific?

    <p>Illness</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is only possible within a host that is experiencing clinical signs (and is therefore not possible in a host without clinical signs)?

    <p>The host can die</p> Signup and view all the answers

    During which stage of infectious disease does the host return to normalcy?

    <p>Convalescence</p> Signup and view all the answers

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