Medical Terminology Flashcards

Questions and Answers

What is an aneurysm?

The ballooning out of an artery wall at a point where it has grown weak.

What is angina pectoris?

Chest pain caused by a temporary loss of oxygenated blood to heart muscle.

What is the aorta?

The largest artery in the body.

What is the function of the aortic semilunar valve?

It leaves or exits the left ventricle opening/entering the aorta. Signup and view all the answers

What are arteries?

Blood vessels that carry blood away from the heart. Signup and view all the answers

What is atherosclerosis?

Condition in which fatty deposits called plaque build up on the inner walls of the arteries. Signup and view all the answers

What is atrial diastole?

Relaxation/filling. Signup and view all the answers

What is atrial fibrillation?

Occurs when the normal rhythmic contractions of the atria are replaced by rapid irregular twitching. Signup and view all the answers

What is atrial systole?

The contraction of the atria to force blood into the ventricles. Signup and view all the answers

What does the AV node do?

Picks up electrical impulse from the SA node and causes ventricles to contract. Signup and view all the answers

What are basophils?

A type of WBC that promotes inflammation and participates in allergic responses. Signup and view all the answers

What is the bicuspid valve?

Mitral valve from left atrium to left ventricle. Signup and view all the answers

What is bradycardia?

Slow heart rate, usually below 60 beats per minute. Signup and view all the answers

What is the bundle of HIS?

Specialized muscle fibers in the right and left ventricles that act as an electrical bridge. Signup and view all the answers

What does CABG stand for?

Coronary Artery Bypass Graft. Signup and view all the answers

What are capillaries?

The smallest blood vessels connecting the smallest arteries with the smallest veins. Signup and view all the answers

What is cardiac output?

The amount of blood discharged by the right and left ventricle per minute. Signup and view all the answers

What are coronary arteries?

The two arteries that supply blood to the heart muscle. Signup and view all the answers

What is deep vein thrombosis?

Blood clot that forms in the deep veins of the body. Signup and view all the answers

What is a defibrillator?

A device that delivers an electric shock to the heart to restore its normal rhythm. Signup and view all the answers

What does deoxygenated mean?

Blood containing no oxygen. Signup and view all the answers

What is diastole?

Relaxation phase of the heartbeat. Signup and view all the answers

What is diastolic pressure?

The pressure in the arteries when the heart is at rest. Signup and view all the answers

What does DVT stand for?

Deep Vein Thrombosis. Signup and view all the answers

What is an embolus?

A foreign object circulating in the blood. Signup and view all the answers

What is the endocardium?

The inner lining of the heart. Signup and view all the answers

What is the epicardium?

Membrane forming the outer layer of the heart. Signup and view all the answers

What are erythrocytes?

Red blood cells that transport oxygen. Signup and view all the answers

What is heart rate?

The number of times the heart beats in one minute. Signup and view all the answers

What is hemoglobin?

Blood protein containing iron that carries oxygen. Signup and view all the answers

What is hypertension?

A common disorder in which blood pressure remains abnormally high. Signup and view all the answers

What does the inferior vena cava do?

Carries blood from lower regions of the body to right atrium. Signup and view all the answers

What is the interatrial septum?

The wall that divides the left and right atria. Signup and view all the answers

What is the interventricular septum?

A thick wall that separates the right and left ventricles. Signup and view all the answers

What is ischemia?

Insufficient blood flow to an area. Signup and view all the answers

What is the left atrium?

The left upper chamber of the heart that receives blood from the pulmonary veins. Signup and view all the answers

What is the left ventricle?

The chamber on the left side of the heart that pumps oxygenated blood into the aorta. Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Cardiovascular Terminology

Aneurysm: Ballooning of an artery wall at a weak point.
Angina Pectoris: Chest pain due to temporary loss of oxygenated blood to heart muscle; often caused by narrowed coronary arteries.
Aorta: The body's largest artery, vital for transporting oxygen-rich blood.
Aortic Semilunar Valve: Valve exiting the left ventricle into the aorta, essential for blood flow.
Arteries: Blood vessels responsible for carrying blood away from the heart.
Atherosclerosis: Condition characterized by fatty plaques building up on artery walls, leading to reduced blood flow.
Atrial Diastole: Phase of the cardiac cycle where the atria relax and fill with blood.
Atrial Fibrillation: Abnormal heart rhythm marked by rapid and irregular twitching of atrial muscles.
Atrial Systole: The contraction of the atria, pushing blood into the ventricles.
AV Node: Electrical impulse receiver from the SA node, triggering ventricular contraction.
Basophils: A type of white blood cell involved in inflammatory responses and allergy reactions.
Bicuspid Valve (Mitral Valve): Valve between the left atrium and left ventricle that ensures one-way blood flow.
Bradycardia: Condition of a slow heart rate, defined as under 60 beats per minute.
Bundle of HIS: Specialized muscle fibers that serve as an electrical bridge between atria and ventricles.
CABG (Coronary Artery Bypass Graft): Surgical procedure using a vein from the leg to bypass obstructed coronary arteries.
Capillaries: Smallest blood vessels where nutrient and fluid exchange occurs between blood and tissues.
Cardiac Output: Measures the volume of blood pumped by the ventricles in one minute, indicating heart efficiency.
Coronary Arteries: Two arteries supplying blood to the heart muscle itself, crucial for cardiac function.
Deep Vein Thrombosis (DVT): Blood clot formation in deep veins, commonly in legs or thighs.
Defibrillator: Device that delivers an electric shock to restore normal heart rhythm in cases of arrhythmia.
Deoxygenated Blood: Blood that has lost oxygen, requiring reoxygenation through the lungs.
Diastole: Phase when the heart muscles relax, allowing chambers to fill with blood.
Diastolic Pressure: Blood pressure in the arteries during heart relaxation phases.
Embolus: Circulating foreign object (e.g., clot, air bubble) in the bloodstream that can cause blockages.
Endocardium: Inner lining of the heart that facilitates smooth blood flow.
Epicardium: Outermost layer of the heart, providing protection.
Erythrocytes: Red blood cells responsible for oxygen transportation to body tissues.
Heart Rate: Count of heartbeats per minute, varying with physical activity, stress, or illness.
Hemoglobin: Iron-rich protein in red blood cells that binds and carries oxygen.
Hypertension: Condition of consistently high blood pressure, typically at or above 140/90 mm Hg.
Inferior Vena Cava: Vein carrying deoxygenated blood from lower body regions into the right atrium.
Interatrial Septum: Wall separating the left and right atria, preventing mixed blood flow.
Interventricular Septum: Thick wall dividing right and left ventricles, ensuring proper blood direction.
Ischemia: Insufficient blood flow to a tissue or organ, leading to oxygen deprivation.
Left Atrium: Chamber of the heart receiving oxygenated blood from pulmonary veins.
Left Ventricle: Chamber that pumps oxygen-rich blood into the aorta for systemic circulation.

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Description

Explore essential medical terminology through flashcards designed to enhance your understanding of key concepts in healthcare. This quiz covers important terms related to cardiovascular health, such as aneurysm, angina pectoris, and the anatomy of the aorta. Perfect for students or professionals in the medical field.