Questions and Answers
What is the process of thought that includes reasoning, judgment, and perception?
What term refers to the electrical signal transmitted along the nerve fiber in response to a stimulus?
What are chemicals in the brain that transmit messages between nerve cells called?
What term describes the area occurring away from the center of a structure?
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What term refers to conditions caused by or pertaining to an injury?
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What term pertains to or is composed of blood vessels?
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What is the branch of medicine concerned with diseases of the nervous system?
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What is the branch of surgery that involves the nervous system?
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What does the central nervous system (CNS) consist of?
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What does the peripheral nervous system (PNS) consist of?
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What are the two principal types of cells in the nervous system?
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What are the basic structural and functional units of the nervous system?
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What is the function of neuroglia?
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What does the prefix 'cerebr/o' refer to?
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What does 'mening/o' refer to?
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What does the suffix '-itis' mean?
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What does the prefix 'hemi-' mean?
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What is the meaning of 'quadri-'?
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Study Notes
Medical Terminology Key Concepts
- Cognition: Involves processes of thought including reasoning, judgment, and perception.
- Nerve Impulse: An electrical signal that travels along a nerve fiber triggered by a stimulus.
- Neurotransmitters: Chemical messengers in the brain that relay signals between neurons.
- Peripheral: Relates to the outer areas of organs or structures, or sites away from the center.
Medical Terms Related to Injury and Structure
- Traumatic: Relating to or resulting from injury.
- Vascular: Pertains to blood vessels and their roles in the body.
- Neurology: Medical field focused on diagnosing and treating nervous system diseases, including the brain, spinal cord, and peripheral nerves.
- Neurosurgery: Surgical specialty dealing with the nervous system, particularly the brain and spinal cord.
Nervous System Anatomy
- Central Nervous System (CNS): Comprises the brain and spinal cord; acts as the control center for bodily functions.
- Peripheral Nervous System (PNS): Encompasses peripheral nerves, including cranial and spinal nerves.
Cell Types in the Nervous System
- Neurons: Fundamental units of the nervous system responsible for transmission of electrical signals; involved in sensory perception, memory, and motor control.
- Neuroglia: Supportive cells that do not transmit signals but provide protection and support to neurons.
Root Words and Definitions
- Cerebr/o: Refers to the cerebrum, the largest part of the brain.
- Encephal/o: Relates to the brain.
- Mening/o: Refers to meninges, membranes surrounding the brain and spinal cord.
- Myel/o: Indicates spinal cord or bone marrow.
- Neur/o: Refers to nerves.
Medical Conditions and Descriptive Terms
- Encephalitis: Inflammation of the brain.
- Meningomyelocele: A type of herniation of meninges through the skull or vertebrae.
- Dysphasia: Difficulty or impairment in speech production.
- Aphasia: Complete absence of speech.
- Hemi-/Para-/Quadri-: Prefixes indicating half, beside, and four, respectively, commonly used in terms describing paralysis.
Conditions Relating to Paralysis
- Hemiparesis: Partial paralysis affecting one side of the body.
- Paraplegia: Paralysis of the lower body including legs.
- Quadriplegia: Paralysis affecting all four limbs.
Suffixes for Conditions
- -itis: Indicates inflammation.
- -oma: Refers to tumors.
- -algia: Denotes pain.
- -lysis: Indicates separation, destruction, or loosening.
- -lepsy: Refers to seizure activity.
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Description
This quiz focuses on key medical terminology from Chapter 11, featuring essential terms like cognition, nerve impulse, and neurotransmitters. Each card presents a term followed by its definition for effective learning and review. Perfect for students in health-related fields who seek to enhance their medical vocabulary.
