Medical Terminology Chapter 7 Flashcards

Questions and Answers

What is the term for normal breathing?

Pleurodynia

Eupnea (correct)

Apnea

Bronchiectasis

What does the suffix -capnia refer to?

carbon dioxide

What does the combining form tuss/o mean?

cough

What does the suffix -osmia refer to?

smell Signup and view all the answers

What does the suffix -ptysis mean?

spitting Signup and view all the answers

What does the combining form spir/o mean?

breathing Signup and view all the answers

What does the suffix -phonia mean?

voice Signup and view all the answers

What does the suffix -pnea mean?

breathing Signup and view all the answers

What does the suffix -plegia mean?

paralysis Signup and view all the answers

The correct spelling of the tube that goes from the middle ear to the nasopharynx is the _______

eustachian Signup and view all the answers

The correct spelling of the voice box is _______

larynx Signup and view all the answers

The correct spelling for the distal part of the pharynx is _______

laryngopharynx Signup and view all the answers

The correct spelling for the windpipe is _______

trachea Signup and view all the answers

The correct spelling for the tissue flap that separates the esophagus from the trachea is _______

epiglottis Signup and view all the answers

The correct spelling of the smaller branches of the bronchi is _______

bronchioles Signup and view all the answers

The correct spelling for the roof of the mouth is _______

palate Signup and view all the answers

The top or pointed end of the lungs is the _______

apex Signup and view all the answers

The nostrils are also called the _______

nares Signup and view all the answers

The adam's apple is called the _______

thyroid cartilage Signup and view all the answers

Oxygen and carbon dioxide exchange occurs at the _______ membrane

respiratory Signup and view all the answers

A total of _____ lobes can be found in the lungs

5 Signup and view all the answers

The cartilage flap in the larynx that diverts food to the esophagus or air to the trachea is _______

epiglottis Signup and view all the answers

The adenoids and tonsils serve to keep _____ from entering the body

pathogens Signup and view all the answers

The nasal cavity has mucous membranes that produce mucus. The purpose of mucus is to help _____ the air by collecting dust, pollen, and bacteria

cleanse Signup and view all the answers

After a normal exhalation, the amount of air left in the lungs is the FRC or the functional residual _________

capacity Signup and view all the answers

After taking a very deep breath at maximal inhalation, the volume of air in the lungs is TLC or _______ lung capacity

total Signup and view all the answers

The amount of air in a normal inhalation and exhalation in a resting status is TV or tidal ______

volume Signup and view all the answers

After a normal exhalation, the volume of air that is normally inhaled is the IC or the _______ capacity

inspiratory Signup and view all the answers

After taking a maximum inhalation, the total volume of air that can be exhaled is the VC or the ______ capacity

vital Signup and view all the answers

After forcefully exhaling as much as possible, the air that remains in the lungs is the RV or the _______ volume

residual Signup and view all the answers

After a normal inhalation, the amount of air that can be forcibly inhaled in addition is the IRV or the inspiratory ______ volume

reserve Signup and view all the answers

Expiratory reserve volume (ERV) is also called ________ air

supplemental Signup and view all the answers

As the diaphragm contracts and moves downward there is __ thoracic pressure with air flowing _

negative, in Signup and view all the answers

With forceful inhalation or exhalation, additional muscles of the ______ and neck become active

chest Signup and view all the answers

The normal respiratory rate for an adult is _ to __ breaths per minute

12, 20 Signup and view all the answers

When the diaphragm relaxes, the thoracic cavity becomes _ with _ thoracic pressure

smaller, positive Signup and view all the answers

The respiratory rate is normally regulated by the level of _______ in the blood

carbon dioxide Signup and view all the answers

The respiratory rate of a newborn, or neonate is between __ and _ breaths per minute

30, 60 Signup and view all the answers

The ______ muscles assist in inhalation by raising the rib cage

intercostal Signup and view all the answers

A decreased respiratory rate may be caused by pain or _______ medications

narcotic Signup and view all the answers

A patient with hypercapnia has too much _______

carbon dioxide Signup and view all the answers

The _____ sinuses get their name from their location beside the nose

paranasal Signup and view all the answers

What term means pertaining to the windpipe?

tracheal Signup and view all the answers

What is the definition of diaphragmatic breathing?

During diaphragmatic breathing, the abdomen expands during inhalation while the shoulders stay still. Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for pertaining to a bronchiole?

bronchiolar Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for pertaining to the voice box?

laryngeal Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for inserting a tube into the windpipe?

endotracheal Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for a nosebleed?

epistaxis Signup and view all the answers

What condition is referred to as rhinorrhea?

a runny nose Signup and view all the answers

What condition is empyema?

a collection of pus in the pleural space Signup and view all the answers

What is bronchiectasis?

when the bronchi become enlarged and dilated Signup and view all the answers

What is pleurodynia?

chest pain on breathing in and out Signup and view all the answers

What is aphonia?

loss of voice Signup and view all the answers

What is orthopnea?

difficulty breathing when lying down Signup and view all the answers

What is whooping cough?

pertussis Signup and view all the answers

What is an oximeter?

a device measuring oxygen levels in blood Signup and view all the answers

What is pulmonary angiography?

injecting dye into a blood vessel for imaging Signup and view all the answers

What is polysomnography?

monitoring for obstructive sleep apnea Signup and view all the answers

What is a ventilation-perfusion scan?

test assessing for pulmonary embolus Signup and view all the answers

What are arterial blood gases?

test analyzing O2 and CO2 levels in blood Signup and view all the answers

What is the sweat test used for?

to indicate cystic fibrosis Signup and view all the answers

What is a Mantoux test?

a test for exposure to tuberculosis Signup and view all the answers

What is spirometry?

measuring lung capacity Signup and view all the answers

What is pleurocentesis?

inserting a needle to withdraw fluid Signup and view all the answers

What is percussion in a medical context?

tapping on the chest to assess sound Signup and view all the answers

What is the Heimlich maneuver?

technique to expel a foreign body Signup and view all the answers

What is a nasal cannula?

tubing delivering oxygen flow Signup and view all the answers

What is a rhinoplasty?

surgical correction of the nasal structure Signup and view all the answers

What is a tracheotomy?

surgical creation of an opening in the windpipe Signup and view all the answers

What is a lobectomy?

surgical removal of a lung lobe Signup and view all the answers

What is cardiopulmonary resuscitation?

emergency procedure for a patient without a heartbeat Signup and view all the answers

What would an antitussive medication reduce the urge to do?

cough Signup and view all the answers

What is aerosol therapy?

medication given as a mist to be inhaled Signup and view all the answers

What are expectorants?

medications that help clear mucus Signup and view all the answers

What are bronchodilators?

medications that open narrowed airways Signup and view all the answers

What are decongestants?

medications that relieve nasal congestion Signup and view all the answers

What are antibiotics?

medications for bacterial infections Signup and view all the answers

What are corticosteroids?

anti-inflammatory medications Signup and view all the answers

What are antihistamines?

medications that alleviate allergy symptoms Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Breathing and Respiratory Terms

Eupnea: Normal breathing pattern.
-capnia: Suffix referring to carbon dioxide levels in the body.
Tuss/o: Combining form meaning cough.
-osmia: Suffix indicating smell.
-ptysis: Suffix meaning spitting.
Spir/o: Combining form for breathing.
-phonia: Suffix meaning voice.
-pnea: Suffix related to breathing.
-plegia: Suffix denoting paralysis.

Anatomy of the Respiratory System

Eustachian Tube: Connects the middle ear to the nasopharynx.
Larynx: Commonly known as the voice box.
Laryngopharynx: Distal part of the pharynx.
Trachea: Windpipe that conducts air to and from the lungs.
Epiglottis: Tissue flap that directs food to the esophagus and air to the trachea.
Bronchioles: Smaller branches of the bronchi.
Palate: Roof of the mouth.
Apex of Lungs: Top or pointed end of the lungs.
Naresh: Nostrils.

Lung Function and Capacity

5 Lobes: Total number of lobes present in the lungs.
Respiratory Membrane: Site for gas exchange between oxygen and carbon dioxide.
Functional Residual Capacity (FRC): Air left in the lungs after normal exhalation.
Total Lung Capacity (TLC): Volume of air after maximal inhalation.
Tidal Volume (TV): Amount of air inhaled or exhaled during resting status.
Inspiratory Capacity (IC): Volume that can be inhaled after a normal exhalation.
Vital Capacity (VC): Total volume exhaled after maximum inhalation.
Residual Volume (RV): Air remaining in the lungs after forceful exhalation.
Inspiratory Reserve Volume (IRV): Additional air that can be inhaled after a normal breath.
Supplemental Air (ERV): Also known as expiratory reserve volume.

Respiratory Physiology

Negative Thoracic Pressure: Occurs during diaphragm contraction, allowing air to flow in.
Chest Muscles: Become engaged during forceful inhalation or exhalation.
Respiratory Rate: Normal range for adults is 12 to 20 breaths per minute; for newborns, it is 30 to 60 breaths per minute.
Carbon Dioxide Levels: Key regulator of the respiratory rate.
Intercostal Muscles: Assist in inhalation by raising the rib cage.

Pathologies and Conditions

Hypercapnia: Condition resulting from excess carbon dioxide in the body.
Pathogen Defense: Adenoids and tonsils prevent pathogens from entering the body.
Pleurodynia: Chest pain related to lung membrane irritation.
Laryngitis: Associated with aphonia (loss of voice).
Orthopnea: Breathing difficulty relieved by sitting up.

Diagnostic Tests and Procedures

Oximeter: Device measuring blood oxygen levels.
Pulmonary Angiography: Technique utilizing dye and X-ray for lung artery visualization.
Polysomnography: Assesses for obstructive sleep apnea.
Ventilation-Perfusion Scan: Evaluates lung's air and blood flow.
Arterial Blood Gases: Tests blood gas composition for oxygen and carbon dioxide levels.
Sweat Test: Indicates cystic fibrosis presence.
Mantoux Test: Tests for prior exposure to tuberculosis.
Spirometry: Measures lung capacity and function.
Pleurocentesis: Procedure to withdraw fluid from the pleural cavity.

Treatment Modalities

Heimlich Maneuver: Technique to expel objects blocking the airway.
Nasal Cannula: Device for delivering supplemental oxygen through the nares.
Tracheotomy: Surgical procedure to create an opening in the windpipe.
Lobectomy: Surgical removal of a lobe of the lung.
Bronchodilator: Medication to open airways during asthma attacks.
Antitussives: Medications to suppress cough.
Expectorants: Help clear mucus from the airways.
Corticosteroids: Used to reduce inflammation in respiratory conditions.
Decongestants: Relieve nasal congestion.
Antibiotics: Treat bacterial infections in respiratory disorders.
Antihistamines: Alleviate allergic reactions affecting the respiratory tract.

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Test your knowledge with these flashcards focused on Chapter 7 of Medical Terminology. Learn essential terms related to respiratory functions and conditions, including definitions and suffix meanings. Perfect for students preparing for exams or wanting to enhance their medical vocabulary.