Medical Terminology Chapter 6 Flashcards

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Questions and Answers

What does the term 'amyl/o' refer to?

Fat

Starch (correct)

Blood

Protein

What is 'an/o' associated with?

Anus

What does 'appendic/o' stand for?

Appendix

What does 'bil/i' mean?

Bile; gall Signup and view all the answers

What does 'bronch/o' refer to?

Bronchiole tube Signup and view all the answers

What does 'celi/o' refer to?

Abdomen Signup and view all the answers

What does 'cheil/o' denote?

Lips Signup and view all the answers

What does 'cholangi/o' refer to?

Bile vessel Signup and view all the answers

What does 'col/o' mean?

Colon Signup and view all the answers

What does 'dent/i' signify?

Tooth Signup and view all the answers

What does 'duoden/o' relate to?

Duodenum Signup and view all the answers

What is 'enter/o' associated with?

Intestines (small) Signup and view all the answers

What does 'esophag/o' mean?

Esophagus Signup and view all the answers

What does 'eti/o' signify?

Cause Signup and view all the answers

What does 'gloss/o' refer to?

Tongue Signup and view all the answers

What is 'glyc/o' associated with?

Glucose (sugars) Signup and view all the answers

What does 'hem/o' refer to?

Blood Signup and view all the answers

What does 'herni/o' mean?

Hernia Signup and view all the answers

What does 'lapar/o' refer to?

Abdomen Signup and view all the answers

What is 'bucc/o' associated with?

Cheek Signup and view all the answers

What does 'cholecyst/o' refer to?

Gallbladder Signup and view all the answers

What is 'choledoch/o' associated with?

Common bile duct Signup and view all the answers

What does 'gastr/o' indicate?

Stomach Signup and view all the answers

What does 'hepat/o' signify?

Liver Signup and view all the answers

What does 'ile/o' refer to?

Ileum Signup and view all the answers

What does 'jejun/o' mean?

Jejunum Signup and view all the answers

What does 'lith/o' signify?

Stone Signup and view all the answers

What does 'pancreat/o' refer to?

Pancreas Signup and view all the answers

What does 'pharyng/o' mean?

Throat Signup and view all the answers

What does 'labi/o' denote?

Lips Signup and view all the answers

What does 'lingu/o' signify?

Tongue Signup and view all the answers

What does 'lip/o' refer to?

Fat Signup and view all the answers

What does 'lymphangi/o' mean?

Lymph vessels Signup and view all the answers

What does 'mandibul/o' signify?

Lower jaw Signup and view all the answers

What does 'men/o' relate to?

Menstruation Signup and view all the answers

What does 'odont/o' refer to?

Teeth Signup and view all the answers

What does 'odyn/o' mean?

Pain Signup and view all the answers

What does 'or/o' signify?

Mouth Signup and view all the answers

What does 'peritone/o' indicate?

Peritoneum Signup and view all the answers

What does 'proct/o' mean?

Rectum, anus Signup and view all the answers

What does 'prote/o' signify?

Protein Signup and view all the answers

What does 'pylor/o' refer to?

Pyloric sphincter Signup and view all the answers

What does 'rect/o' signify?

Rectum Signup and view all the answers

What does 'sialaden/o' mean?

Salivary Signup and view all the answers

What does 'sigmoid/o' refer to?

Sigmoid colon Signup and view all the answers

What does 'splen/o' indicate?

Spleen Signup and view all the answers

What does 'steat/o' signify?

Fat Signup and view all the answers

What does 'stomat/o' mean?

Mouth Signup and view all the answers

What does 'tonsill/o' refer to?

Tonsils Signup and view all the answers

What does '-ase' signify?

Enzyme Signup and view all the answers

What does '-centesis' mean?

Surgical puncture Signup and view all the answers

What does '-chezia' signify?

Defecation Signup and view all the answers

What does '-ectasia' denote?

Dilation Signup and view all the answers

What does '-ectomy' relate to?

Removal, incision Signup and view all the answers

What does '-spasm' signify?

Involuntary contraction Signup and view all the answers

What does '-emia' mean?

Blood Signup and view all the answers

What does '-genesis' signify?

Producing, forming Signup and view all the answers

What does '-graphy' refer to?

Process of recording Signup and view all the answers

What does '-iasis' mean?

Abnormal condition Signup and view all the answers

What does '-lysis' signify?

Breakdown, separation, destruction Signup and view all the answers

What does '-megaly' mean?

Enlargement Signup and view all the answers

What does '-orexia' signify?

Appetite Signup and view all the answers

What does '-pathy' mean?

Disease (emotion) Signup and view all the answers

What does '-pepsia' refer to?

Digestion Signup and view all the answers

What does '-phagia' signify?

Eating, swallowing Signup and view all the answers

What does '-plasty' mean?

Surgical repair Signup and view all the answers

What does '-prandial' refer to?

Pertaining to eating Signup and view all the answers

What does '-ptosis' signify?

Drooping, sagging, protruding Signup and view all the answers

What does '-tresia' mean?

Opening Signup and view all the answers

What does '-rrhagia' signify?

Bursting forth of blood Signup and view all the answers

What does '-rrhaphy' refer to?

Suture Signup and view all the answers

What does '-rrhea' mean?

Flow, discharge Signup and view all the answers

What does '-scopy' signify?

Process of visual examination Signup and view all the answers

What does '-stenosis' mean?

Narrowing, tightening Signup and view all the answers

What does '-stomy' indicate?

New opening Signup and view all the answers

What does '-stasis' mean?

To stop, control Signup and view all the answers

What does '-otomy' refer to?

Incision Signup and view all the answers

What does '-ptysis' signify?

Spitting Signup and view all the answers

What does '-emesis' refer to?

Vomiting Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Anatomy and Medical Terminology

amyl/o: Refers to starch, an important carbohydrate in nutrition.
an/o: Pertains to the anus, the terminal end of the digestive tract.
appendic/o: Indicates the appendix, a small pouch connected to the large intestine.

Digestive System Components

bil/i: Signifies bile or gall, essential for fat digestion.
bronch/o: Represents bronchioles, smaller air passages leading to the lungs.
celi/o: Refers to the abdomen, the body cavity containing digestive organs.
cheil/o: Indicates lips, crucial for the intake of food.

Biliary and Gastrointestinal Terms

cholangi/o: Refers to bile vessels, important in the transport of bile.
col/o: Indicates the colon, part of the large intestine involved in water absorption.
dent/i: Represents teeth, essential for mechanical digestion.
duoden/o: Refers to the duodenum, the first part of the small intestine.

Intestinal and Esophageal Terms

enter/o: Pertains specifically to the small intestines, where most nutrient absorption occurs.
esophag/o: Indicates the esophagus, a muscular tube connecting the throat with the stomach.

Etiology and Medical Conditions

eti/o: Signifies the cause of a condition or disease; crucial for diagnosis.
gloss/o: Refers to the tongue, which plays a key role in taste and swallowing.
glyc/o: Pertains to glucose and sugars, vital energy sources.

hem/o: Refers to blood, a crucial component carrying oxygen and nutrients.
herni/o: Indicates hernia, a condition of protrusion of an organ through its cavity.
lapar/o: Refers to the abdomen, often used in surgeries.

Oral and Digestive Structures

bucc/o: Relates to the cheek, aiding in the formation of food bolus.
cholecyst/o: Represents the gallbladder, which stores bile.
choledoch/o: Indicates the common bile duct, a passage for bile to the duodenum.

Digestive Organs

gastr/o: Refers to the stomach, where food is digested chemically and mechanically.
hepat/o: Indicates the liver, responsible for bile production and detoxification.
ile/o: Pertains to the ileum, the last part of the small intestine.

Additional Gastrointestinal Anatomy

jejun/o: Refers to the jejunum, the middle section of the small intestine.
lith/o: Indicates stone, often referring to gallstones or kidney stones.
pancreat/o: Represents the pancreas, which produces digestive enzymes and hormones.

pharyng/o: Refers to the throat, a passage for food to the esophagus.
labi/o: Indicates lips, with relevance in both anatomy and dental terms.
lingu/o: Pertains to the tongue, crucial for articulation and taste.

Fat and Lymphatic Terms

lip/o: Refers to fat, significant in energy storage and metabolism.
lymphangi/o: Indicates lymph vessels, part of the immune system.

mandibul/o: Refers to the lower jaw, essential for chewing and speaking.
men/o: Indicates menstruation, a key aspect of the female reproductive cycle.
odont/o: Relates to teeth, foundational for dental health.

Medical Procedures and Conditions

-ase: Suffix indicating enzyme, which facilitates biochemical reactions.
-centesis: Surgical puncture for diagnostic or therapeutic purposes.
-ectomy: Indicates the removal of a body part, a common surgical term.

General Medical Terminology

-genesis: Refers to the process of producing or forming a condition or substance.
-graphy: The process of recording or visualizing anatomical structures or functions.
-lysis: Indicates breakdown or destruction, often used in medical contexts.

Symptoms and Conditions

-megaly: Refers to enlargement, commonly associated with organ conditions.
-phagia: Signifies the act of eating or swallowing.
-rrhea: Indicates flow or discharge, often related to bodily fluids.

Surgical and Diagnostic Terms

-otomy: Refers to an incision, often used in surgical procedures.
-oscopy: The process of visual examination using an endoscope.
-stomy: Indicates forming a new opening, typically used for surgical procedures to divert flow.

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Test your knowledge of key medical terminology from Chapter 6 with these flashcards. Each card features a medical root word and its definition, helping you reinforce your learning and understanding of medical vocabulary.