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Questions and Answers
Match the following word roots with their meanings:
Match the following word roots with their meanings:
aort/o = aorta arteri/o = artery ather/o = plaque, fatty substance angi/o = relating to blood or lymph vessels brady- = slow -emia = blood or blood condition cardi/o = heart coron/o = crown, coronary erythr/o = red ech/o = sound leuk/o = white phleb/o = vein tachy- = fast, rapid thromb/o = clot hem/o = blood, relating to blood
The term meaning white blood cells is ____.
The term meaning white blood cells is ____.
leukocytes
Commonly known as the natural pacemaker, the medical name of the structure is ____.
Commonly known as the natural pacemaker, the medical name of the structure is ____.
sinoatrial node
The myocardium receives its blood supply from the ____.
The myocardium receives its blood supply from the ____.
The diagnostic procedure using ultrasound to evaluate the structures and motion of the heart is ____.
The diagnostic procedure using ultrasound to evaluate the structures and motion of the heart is ____.
The bicuspid valve is also known as the ____ valve.
The bicuspid valve is also known as the ____ valve.
The ____ pumps blood into the pulmonary artery, which carries it to the lungs.
The ____ pumps blood into the pulmonary artery, which carries it to the lungs.
The ____ are the smallest formed elements in the blood, and they play an important role in blood clotting.
The ____ are the smallest formed elements in the blood, and they play an important role in blood clotting.
A foreign object, such as a bit of tissue or air, circulating in the blood is known as a/an ____.
A foreign object, such as a bit of tissue or air, circulating in the blood is known as a/an ____.
Blood flows from the right ventricle to the ____.
Blood flows from the right ventricle to the ____.
The term meaning immature red blood cells is ____.
The term meaning immature red blood cells is ____.
High-density ____ is also known as good cholesterol.
High-density ____ is also known as good cholesterol.
An abnormally slow resting heart rate is described as ____.
An abnormally slow resting heart rate is described as ____.
Rapid, random, and ineffective contractions of the heart are described as ____.
Rapid, random, and ineffective contractions of the heart are described as ____.
The highest pressure against the blood vessels is ____ pressure, and it occurs when the ventricles contract.
The highest pressure against the blood vessels is ____ pressure, and it occurs when the ventricles contract.
The condition in which there is an abnormal decrease in the number of white blood cells is ____.
The condition in which there is an abnormal decrease in the number of white blood cells is ____.
The autopsy indicated that the cause of death was a ruptured ____.
The autopsy indicated that the cause of death was a ruptured ____.
The inflammation of a vein is known as ____.
The inflammation of a vein is known as ____.
An ____ is an abnormal heart rhythm in which the heartbeat is faster or slower than normal.
An ____ is an abnormal heart rhythm in which the heartbeat is faster or slower than normal.
____ is a genetic disorder characterized by short-lived red blood cells.
____ is a genetic disorder characterized by short-lived red blood cells.
____ is a fatty substance that circulates in the blood.
____ is a fatty substance that circulates in the blood.
The presence of pathogens in the blood is described as ____.
The presence of pathogens in the blood is described as ____.
Chronic hypertension, which is caused by a different medical problem, is known as ____ hypertension.
Chronic hypertension, which is caused by a different medical problem, is known as ____ hypertension.
The blood disorder characterized by anemia in which the red blood cells are larger than normal is known as ____ anemia.
The blood disorder characterized by anemia in which the red blood cells are larger than normal is known as ____ anemia.
A/An ____ is a class of medications used to treat high blood pressure.
A/An ____ is a class of medications used to treat high blood pressure.
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Study Notes
Cardiovascular System Terminology
- aort/o: Refers to the aorta, the largest artery in the body.
- arteri/o: Denotes an artery, a blood vessel carrying blood away from the heart.
- ather/o: Indicates plaque or fatty substances typically found in arteries.
- angi/o: Pertains to blood or lymph vessels.
- brady-: A prefix meaning slow, often used to describe heart rates.
- -emia: A suffix relating to blood or blood conditions, commonly used in medical terms.
- cardi/o: The term for heart, central to the cardiovascular system.
- coron/o: Refers to crown or coronary, typically related to heart blood supply.
- erythr/o: Signifies red, often associated with red blood cells.
- ech/o: Means sound, used in medical imaging.
- leuk/o: Represents white, usually in reference to white blood cells.
- phleb/o: Relates to veins, which carry blood back to the heart.
- tachy-: A prefix meaning fast or rapid, often used for heart rates.
- thromb/o: Refers to clot, important for understanding blood coagulation.
- hem/o: Pertains to blood, integral in discussing blood conditions.
Key Physiological Terms
- leukocytes: White blood cells crucial for immune response.
- sinoatrial node: Known as the natural pacemaker of the heart, regulating heartbeat.
- coronary arteries: Supply blood to the myocardium (heart muscle).
- echocardiography: Ultrasound technique to assess heart structure and motion.
- mitral valve: Also known as the bicuspid valve, controlling blood flow between left atrium and ventricle.
- right ventricle: Pumps blood into the pulmonary artery to send it to the lungs.
- thrombocytes: Smallest blood components, essential for clotting.
- embolus: A circulating foreign object in the bloodstream, which can cause blockages.
Heart Structure and Function
- heart: A hollow, muscular organ responsible for pumping blood.
- myocardium: The thick middle layer of heart muscle that contracts.
- epicardium: The outermost layer of the heart.
- endocardium: The inner lining of the heart chambers.
- pericardium: The protective sac surrounding the heart.
Cardiovascular Conditions
- lipoprotein cholesterol: High-density lipoprotein (HDL) is considered "good" cholesterol.
- bradycardia: A condition characterized by an abnormally slow heart rate.
- fibrillation: Rapid, random heart contractions leading to ineffective pumping.
- systolic pressure: The highest pressure in arteries when the heart ventricles contract.
- leukopenia: A decrease in white blood cell count, affecting immunity.
- aneurysm: A potentially fatal condition where a blood vessel bulges and may rupture.
- phlebitis: Inflammation of veins, often leading to pain and swelling.
- arrhythmia: Abnormal heart rhythms impacting blood circulation.
- Thalassemia: A genetic disorder leading to abnormal or insufficient red blood cells.
- Cholesterol: A fatty substance in blood that can contribute to cardiovascular diseases.
- septicemia: A critical condition where pathogens are present in the bloodstream.
- Secondary hypertension: High blood pressure resulting from other health conditions.
- megaloblastic anemia: Characterized by oversized red blood cells due to deficiency.
- antihypertensive: Medications aimed at reducing high blood pressure.
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