Medical Terminology Ch 5 Cardiovascular System

Questions and Answers

What does the term aortostenosis mean?

Narrowing of the aorta

What term describes a decreased supply of oxygenated blood to an organ or tissue?

Ischemia

Which of the following is a singular term?

Diagnosis

Severe chest pain associated with coronary artery disease is diagnosed as:

Angina Signup and view all the answers

What is the abbreviation for heart attack?

MI Signup and view all the answers

Name the AV block in which no electrical impulses reach the ventricles.

Third-degree Signup and view all the answers

What is the surgical term that refers to suturing a vein?

Phleborrhaphy Signup and view all the answers

Numbness in fingers or toes caused by intermittent constriction of arterioles in the skin is symptomatic of:

Raynaud disease Signup and view all the answers

Localized dilation of a blood vessel wall that introduces the risk of a rupture is known as:

Aneurysm Signup and view all the answers

Which term means suture of an artery?

Arteriorrhaphy Signup and view all the answers

Microphlebectomy is performed to remove a/an:

Small vein Signup and view all the answers

Quivering or spontaneous muscle contraction, especially of the heart, is called:

Fibrillation Signup and view all the answers

An incompetent valve in a vein may cause:

Varicose veins Signup and view all the answers

Enlargement of the heart is a disorder known as:

Cardiomegaly Signup and view all the answers

A fatal condition in which the heart cannot pump adequate amounts of blood to tissues and organs is known as:

Heart failure Signup and view all the answers

A soft blowing sound heard on auscultation that is caused by turbulent blood flow is a:

Bruit Signup and view all the answers

An ECG taken with a small portable recorder capable of storing information up to 24 hours is a(n):

Holter monitor test Signup and view all the answers

What disorder caused by streptococcal infection damages the heart valves and heart muscle?

Rheumatic heart disease Signup and view all the answers

A surgical procedure to widen a stenotic heart valve to increase blood flow is:

Valvuloplasty Signup and view all the answers

What is the condition in which leaflets of mitral valve prolapse into the left atrium during systole called?

MVP Signup and view all the answers

The combining form vas/o means:

Vessel; vas deferens; duct Signup and view all the answers

Drugs that relieve chest pain associated with angina are:

Nitrates Signup and view all the answers

What is consistently elevated blood pressure called?

HTN Signup and view all the answers

What is the term that describes a blood clot that becomes lodged in a blood vessel?

Embolus Signup and view all the answers

Disease of the heart muscle is called:

Cardiomyopathy Signup and view all the answers

Abnormal widening or ballooning of a blood vessel resulting from a wall weakness is called:

Aneurysm Signup and view all the answers

An obstruction caused by any foreign substance, including a blood clot within that vessel, is called:

Embolism Signup and view all the answers

Inflammation of the aorta is called:

Aortitis Signup and view all the answers

The battery of blood tests used to determine the presence of cardiac damage are:

Cardiac enzyme studies Signup and view all the answers

Inflammation of the inner lining of the heart, usually caused by bacteria, is called:

Endocarditis Signup and view all the answers

Which procedure involves passage of a balloon catheter through an occluded coronary vessel to compress plaque against the artery walls?

Angioplasty Signup and view all the answers

Which procedure heats the lining within a vein, causing it to collapse and eventually to disappear?

Endovenous laser therapy Signup and view all the answers

Which procedure involves insertion of a device to hold open a vessel and is usually performed after vascular surgery?

Stent placement Signup and view all the answers

Drugs that slow the heart rate and lower blood pressure are known as:

Beta blockers Signup and view all the answers

Which endovascular procedure reopens narrowed blood vessels?

Angioplasty Signup and view all the answers

Use cardi/o to build a word that means enlargement of the heart:

Cardiomegaly Signup and view all the answers

Use ather/o (fatty plaque) to build a word that means tumor of fatty plaque:

Atheroma Signup and view all the answers

Use arteri/o to build a word that means rupture of artery:

Arteriorrhexis Signup and view all the answers

Use angi/o (vessel) to build a word meaning tumor of a (blood) vessel:

Angioma Signup and view all the answers

Build a word that means destruction of a clot:

Thrombolysis Signup and view all the answers

Use -stenosis to build a word meaning narrowing or stricture of an artery:

Arteriostenosis Signup and view all the answers

Use cardi/o to build a word that means specialist in the study of the heart:

Cardiologist Signup and view all the answers

Use tachy- to build a word that means rapid heart rate:

Tachycardia Signup and view all the answers

Use aneurysm/o to build a word that means suture (of the sac) of an aneurysm:

Aneurysmorrhaphy Signup and view all the answers

Use -ose (pertaining to) to build a word that means a dilated vein:

Varicose Signup and view all the answers

Build a word that means abnormal condition of fatty plaque hardening:

Atherosclerosis Signup and view all the answers

Use -us (condition; structure) to build a word that means condition of a blood clot:

Thrombus Signup and view all the answers

Build a word that means instrument for recording electrical (activity) of the heart:

Electrocardiograph Signup and view all the answers

Build a word that means slow heart (rate):

Bradycardia Signup and view all the answers

Build a surgical word that means puncture of the heart:

Cardiocentesis Signup and view all the answers

Soft, blowing sound heard on auscultation; murmur

Bruit Signup and view all the answers

Inability of the heart to maintain a steady beat

Arrhythmia Signup and view all the answers

High blood pressure

Hypertension Signup and view all the answers

Restoration of normal heart rhythm by applying electrical shock to the chest

Cardioversion Signup and view all the answers

Surgical removal of the lining of an artery

Endarterectomy Signup and view all the answers

Common form of arteriosclerosis

Atherosclerosis Signup and view all the answers

Drugs that reduce low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol in the blood

Statins Signup and view all the answers

Partial or complete occlusion of one or more of the coronary arteries; also called heart attack

Myocardial infarction Signup and view all the answers

Insufficient oxygenated blood to a body part caused by an interruption of blood flow

Ischemia Signup and view all the answers

Endovascular procedure that reopens narrowed blood vessels and restores forward blood flow

Angioplasty Signup and view all the answers

Heats the lining within a vein to collapse and eventually to make it disappear

Endovenous laser therapy Signup and view all the answers

Battery of blood tests performed to determine the presence of cardiac damage

Cardiac enzyme studies Signup and view all the answers

Method of evaluating cardiovascular fitness while exercising on a treadmill

Stress test Signup and view all the answers

Device worn by a patient to evaluate prolonged electrocardiograph recordings (usually 24 hours) on a portable tape recorder during normal daily activities

Holter monitor Signup and view all the answers

Implanted electrical device that automatically detects and corrects arrhythmias

AICD Signup and view all the answers

Normal or healthy (veins)

Competent Signup and view all the answers

Widening of a heart valve to increase blood flow

Valvuloplasty Signup and view all the answers

Blood test that measures protein released into circulation after myocardial injury

Troponin I Signup and view all the answers

Ultrasound technique used to image the heart and evaluate its chambers and valves; used to detect pathological conditions

Echocardiography Signup and view all the answers

Dilation of veins as a result of incomplete closure of the valves

Varicosities Signup and view all the answers

Hardening; sclera (white of eye)

Scler/o Signup and view all the answers

Fatty plaque

Ather/o Signup and view all the answers

Vein

Phleb/o Signup and view all the answers

Heart

Cardi/o Signup and view all the answers

Dilated vein

Varic/o Signup and view all the answers

Vessel (usually blood or lymph)

Angi/o Signup and view all the answers

Widening; widened blood vessel

Aneurysm/o Signup and view all the answers

Blood clot

Thromb/o Signup and view all the answers

Artery

Arteri/o Signup and view all the answers

To hold back; block

Ischi/o Signup and view all the answers

Narrowing, stricture

-stenosis Signup and view all the answers

Slow

Brady- Signup and view all the answers

Heart condition

-cardia Signup and view all the answers

Around

Peri- Signup and view all the answers

Vessel

Vascul/o Signup and view all the answers

In, within

Endo- Signup and view all the answers

Rapid

Tachy- Signup and view all the answers

Instrument for recording

-graph Signup and view all the answers

Atrium

Atri/o Signup and view all the answers

Arteriole (small artery)

Arteriol/o Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Cardiovascular System Terminology

Aortostenosis: Refers to the narrowing of the aorta, often associated with various cardiovascular disorders.
Ischemia: A condition marked by a decreased supply of oxygenated blood to an organ or tissue, potentially leading to tissue damage.
Diagnosis: A singular term used to describe the identification of a disease based on clinical findings.
Angina: Severe chest pain resulting from coronary artery disease, indicating insufficient blood flow to the heart.
MI: Abbreviation for myocardial infarction, commonly known as a heart attack.
Third-degree AV block: A type of heart block where no electrical impulses reach the ventricles, leading to severe impacts on heart function.
Phleborrhaphy: Surgical procedure that involves suturing a vein.
Raynaud disease: Symptoms include numbness in fingers or toes due to intermittent constriction of arterioles, often triggered by cold or stress.
Aneurysm: Localized dilation or weakening of a blood vessel wall, increasing the risk of rupture.
Arteriorrhaphy: Surgical term for the suture of an artery.
Microphlebectomy: Surgical removal of small veins, often used to treat varicose veins.
Fibrillation: Characterized by quivering or spontaneous muscle contraction, typically referring to the heart's irregular rhythm.
Varicose veins: Caused by incompetent valves in veins, leading to enlarged and twisted veins.
Cardiomegaly: Enlargement of the heart, potentially indicating underlying heart disease.
Heart failure: A severe condition where the heart cannot pump enough blood to meet the needs of the body's tissues and organs.
Bruit: Soft blowing sound heard during auscultation, caused by turbulent blood flow, often indicating vascular issues.
Holter monitor test: An ECG performed with a portable recorder, designed to monitor heart activity over a 24-hour period.
Rheumatic heart disease: A disorder caused by streptococcal infection that damages heart valves and muscle.
Valvuloplasty: Surgical procedure to widen a stenotic heart valve, enhancing blood flow.
MVP: Mitral Valve Prolapse, a condition where the leaflets of the mitral valve bulge into the left atrium during systole.
Vas/o: Combining form for vessels, including structures like the vas deferens.
Nitrates: Medications that alleviate chest pain associated with angina through vasodilation.
HTN: Abbreviation for hypertension, indicating consistently elevated blood pressure.
Embolus: Term for a blood clot that has traveled and lodged in a blood vessel, obstructing circulation.
Cardiomyopathy: A disease that primarily affects the heart muscle, leading to various heart dysfunctions.
Aortitis: Inflammation of the aorta, which can be caused by various infectious or inflammatory conditions.
Cardiac enzyme studies: A set of blood tests used to detect cardiac damage by measuring specific enzymes.
Endocarditis: Inflammation of the heart’s inner lining, typically resulting from infection, often bacterial.
Angioplasty: A procedure that uses a balloon catheter to compress plaque within a coronary artery, reopening narrowed vessels.
Endovenous laser therapy: A minimally invasive procedure that uses laser energy to collapse and seal varicose veins.
Stent placement: Involves inserting a device to keep a blood vessel open, often used after surgical interventions.
Beta blockers: Medications that help reduce heart rate and lower blood pressure, benefiting those with certain heart conditions.
Bradycardia: A condition characterized by abnormally slow heart rate, which can affect cardiac output and health.
Cardioversion: Restoration of a normal heart rhythm through the application of electrical shock to the chest.
Endarterectomy: A surgical procedure involving the removal of plaque from the inner lining of an artery.
Atherosclerosis: A common form of arteriosclerosis caused by fatty plaque buildup in arteries, leading to reduced blood flow.
Statins: Medications used to lower levels of low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol in the blood, reducing cardiovascular risk.
Stress test: Method for evaluating cardiovascular fitness during exercise, typically involving a treadmill assessment.
Holter monitor: A portable device worn by patients to record heart activity over an extended period during normal daily activities.
AICD: Implantable cardioverter-defibrillator that automatically detects and corrects arrhythmias.

Word Parts and Their Meanings

Scler/o: Refers to hardening of tissues; not directly related to cardiovascular terms but relevant in wider medical contexts.
Ather/o: Denotes the presence of fatty plaques within blood vessels.
Phleb/o: Combining form for vein.
Cardi/o: Refers to the heart; used in various medical terms concerning heart conditions and specialists.
Varic/o: Pertaining to dilated veins.
Angi/o: Refers to blood or lymph vessels.
Aneurysm/o: Related to dilation or widening of blood vessels.
Thromb/o: Pertains to blood clots.
Arteri/o: Refers to arteries, highlighting the differentiation from veins and other vessels.
Ischi/o: Refers to the concept of blocking or holding back, often used in various medical contexts.
-stenosis: Indicates narrowing or constriction of a structure, particularly in arteries.
Brady-: Refers to anything associated with slowness, typically heart rates.
-cardia: Indicates heart-related conditions.
Peri-: Refers to surrounding or around a structure.
Vascul/o: Pertains to blood vessels.
Endo-: Means in or within, commonly used for structures within the body.
Tachy-: Refers to rapid conditions, frequently used with heart rates.
-graph: Instrument used for recording physiological activities, such as electrical signals.
Atri/o: Pertains specifically to the atria of the heart.
Arteriol/o: Refers to small arteries, or arterioles.

Studying That Suits You

Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.

Description

Test your knowledge of cardiovascular system terms with these flashcards. Covering key definitions and concepts like aortostenosis and ischemia, this quiz will enhance your understanding of medical terminology specific to the heart and blood vessels.