Medical Terminology Chapter 5 Flashcards

Study Notes

Medical Terminology Study Notes

Postprandial: Refers to the time period after meals, often relevant in discussing digestion and metabolic processes.
Choledocolithiasis: A medical condition characterized by the presence of stones in the common bile duct, potentially causing obstructions.
Hematochezia: Indicates the presence of bright red blood in feces, often signifying gastrointestinal bleeding.
Lipase: An enzyme responsible for fat digestion, crucial in breaking down dietary fats into fatty acids and glycerol.
Steatorrhea: Describes the discharge of excess fats in feces, often indicative of malabsorption issues.
Sialolith: This term denotes a stone that forms in the salivary glands, which can lead to pain and swelling.
Pyorrhea: Associated with a severe stage of periodontal disease (gingivitis), characterized by pus discharge from gums.
Protease: An enzyme that aids in the digestion of proteins, breaking them down into amino acids.
Cholecystolithiasis: Indicates the presence of stones within the gallbladder, typically leading to biliary colic or cholecystitis.
Lithogenesis: Refers to the formation of calculi or stones within the body, significant in discussing gallstones or kidney stones.
Lipoma: A benign tumor composed of adipose (fat) tissue, commonly found just beneath the skin and typically non-cancerous.
Glycogenolysis: The metabolic process of breaking down glycogen to release glucose into the bloodstream for energy.
Hyperglycemia: A condition characterized by elevated blood sugar levels, often associated with diabetes.
Achlorydria: The inability to produce hydrochloric acid in the stomach, affecting digestion negatively; can lead to deficiencies.
Cholelithiasis: Refers to the abnormal condition of having gallstones, which can impede the flow of bile and cause pain.
Hyperbilirubinemia: An excess of bilirubin in the blood, often resulting in jaundice and a sign of liver dysfunction or bile duct obstruction.
Biliary: Relates to bile or the bile ducts, essential for understanding liver and gallbladder functions.
Amylase: An enzyme that facilitates the digestion of starches into simpler sugars, important in the breakdown of carbohydrates.

Description

Enhance your understanding of medical terminology with these flashcards covering key terms from Chapter 5. Each card provides a word and its definition, focusing on conditions and enzymes related to digestion. Perfect for students studying medicine or healthcare-related fields.