Questions and Answers
What does the prefix 'hypo' indicate when used in medical terminology?
Which prefix means 'many' or 'much'?
The prefix 'intra' is used to describe something that is:
What does the prefix 'dipl' signify in medical terminology?
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Which prefix indicates an excessive or above normal condition?
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Which combining form is used to denote the color blue?
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What describes a morbid condition?
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Which assessment technique involves feeling structures within the body?
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What is the primary purpose of an endoscopy?
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What does the prefix 'Ecto' signify?
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Which of the following is a pathological condition characterized by the accumulation of fluid?
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Which body cavity is NOT part of the dorsal cavity?
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What term is used to describe a direction 'towards the body'?
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What kind of scan utilizes a tracer and a gamma camera to produce images of organs?
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Which prefix indicates a 'slow' condition?
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Which term best describes the process of the body defending itself against injury or disease?
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Which primary cause of disease is characterized by genetic transmission?
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What does the term 'transverse plane' refer to?
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What does 'anti' mean when used as a prefix?
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Which of the following prefixes indicates an excess or beyond condition?
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Which level of organization comes after 'tissue' in the hierarchy?
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Study Notes
Prefixes
- Prefix: Element added at the start of a word to modify its meaning.
- Prefixes are not always present in medical terminology but often share similarities with English.
I. Prefixes of Position
- Endo: In, within (e.g., Endocrine)
- Intra: Within (e.g., Intramuscular)
- Epi: Above, upon (e.g., Epidermis)
- Hypo: Under, below, deficient (e.g., Hypodermic)
- Infra: Under, below (e.g., Infracostal)
- Sub: Under (e.g., Subcutaneous)
- Inter: Between (e.g., Intercostal)
- Retro: Backward, behind (e.g., Retroversion)
II. Prefixes of Number & Measurement
- Dipl/Diplo: Double
- Hemi/Semi: Half
- Nulli: None
- Mono/Uni: One
- Bi: Two
- Tri: Three
- Quadri: Four
- Primi: Before
- Hyper: Excessive, above normal
- Macro: Large
- Micro: Small
- Multi/Poly: Many, much
III. Prefixes of Direction
- Ab: Away from (e.g., Abduction)
- Ad: Towards (e.g., Adduction)
- Circum/Peri: Around (e.g., Circumference, Perimeter)
- Dia/Trans: Through, across (e.g., Diarrhea, Transverse)
- Ecto/Exo/Extra: Outside, outward
- Para: Near, beside
- Super: Upper, above (e.g., Superior)
- Supra: Above, excessive (e.g., Suprarenal)
- Ultra: Excess, beyond (e.g., Ultrasonic)
IV. Other Common Prefixes
- A/An: Without, not (e.g., Anesthesia)
- Anti: Against (e.g., Antibacterial)
- Auto: Self, own (e.g., Autograph)
- Brady: Slow (e.g., Bradycardia)
- Dys: Painful (e.g., Dyspnea)
- Eu: Good, normal (e.g., Eupnea)
Body Structure
- Levels of Organization: Cell > Tissue > Organ > Organ System > Organism
-
Body Planes:
- Midsagittal: Divides body into left and right
- Coronal: Divides body into anterior and posterior
- Transverse: Divides body into upper and lower portions
Body Cavities
- Dorsal (posterior): Contains cranial and spinal cavities.
- Ventral (anterior): Contains thoracic, abdominal, and pelvic cavities.
Quadrants of Abdominalpelvic Cavity
- Divided into 4 quadrants for:
- Describing organ locations
- Clinical examination
- Identifying abdominal pain and surgical sites
Combining Forms (Colors)
- Red: Erythr/o
- White: Albin/o, leuk/o
- Black: Melan/o
- Blue: Cyan/o
- Yellow: Cirrh/o, jaund/o, xanth/o
Disease
- Defined by pathological conditions with signs and symptoms disrupting homeostasis.
Signs and Symptoms
- Signs: Objective indicators (e.g., rash)
- Symptoms: Subjective indicators (e.g., dizziness)
Causes of Disease
- Metabolic: Diabetes
- Infectious: Influenza
- Congenital: Cleft palate
- Hereditary: Hemophilia
- Neoplastic: Cancer
- Environmental: Trauma, burns
Diseases Vocabulary
- Adhesion: Fibrous binding of tissues.
- Inflammation: Body's defense mechanism, aids healing.
- Febrile: Feverish condition.
- Morbid: Unhealthy state.
- Sepsis: Pathogens in blood/tissues.
- Edema: Fluid accumulation.
- Gangrene: Tissue decay or death.
- Hernia: Organs pushing through structures.
- Mycosis: Fungal infection.
- Perforation: Formation of a hole.
- Peritonitis: Inflammation of peritoneum.
- Rupture: Bursting organ.
- Septicemia: Bacterial infection spreading to blood.
Diagnostic & Surgical Procedures
-
Assessment Techniques:
- Auscultation: Listening with stethoscope.
- Inspection: General observation.
- Palpation: Feeling structures.
- Percussion: Tapping to assess fluid presence.
-
Diagnostic Procedures:
- Endoscopy: Visual examination inside the body.
- Complete Blood Count (CBC): Analyzes blood components.
- Biopsy: Tissue sample examination.
Imaging Techniques
- CT Scan: X-ray imaging around an area.
- Fluoroscopy: X-rays with fluorescent imaging.
- MRI: Uses strong magnet and radio waves for soft tissue imaging.
- Nuclear Scan: Uses radioactive tracer for organ images.
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Description
Explore the world of prefixes in medical terminology with this quiz. Learn how these elements change the meanings of words and their various types, including position, number, measurement, and direction. Test your knowledge of common prefixes and their examples.
