Medical Terminology Chapter 13 Flashcards

Questions and Answers

What does the prefix 'ad-' mean?

away

toward (correct)

against

around

What does 'anti-' signify?

against, opposing

What does the prefix 'dia-' mean?

through

What does 'dys-' indicate?

bad, abnormal, painful, difficult Signup and view all the answers

What does the prefix 'pan-' mean?

all, entire Signup and view all the answers

What does 'peri-' mean?

around, about Signup and view all the answers

What does 're-' or 'retro-' indicate?

back Signup and view all the answers

What does 'abdomin/o' refer to?

abdomen, abdominal cavity Signup and view all the answers

What does 'an/o' mean?

anus Signup and view all the answers

What does 'appendo/o' signify?

to hang onto, appendix Signup and view all the answers

What does 'bil/i' refer to?

bile Signup and view all the answers

What does 'cec/o' indicate?

blind intestine, cecum Signup and view all the answers

What does 'celi/o' refer to?

abdomen, abdominal cavity Signup and view all the answers

What does 'cheil/o' signify?

lip Signup and view all the answers

What does 'chol/e' mean?

bile, gall Signup and view all the answers

What does 'coledoch/o' signify?

common bile duct Signup and view all the answers

What does 'cirrh/o' refer to?

orange Signup and view all the answers

What does 'colo/o' or 'colon/o' mean?

colon Signup and view all the answers

What does 'dent/o' indicate?

teeth Signup and view all the answers

What does 'diverticul/o' refer to?

a small blind pouch, diverticulum Signup and view all the answers

What does 'duoden/o' mean?

twelve, duodenum Signup and view all the answers

What does 'enter/o' indicate?

small intestine Signup and view all the answers

What does 'esophag/e' or 'esophag/o' refer to?

gullet, esophagus Signup and view all the answers

What does 'gastr/o' signify?

stomach Signup and view all the answers

What does 'gingiv/o' mean?

gums Signup and view all the answers

What does 'gloss/o' refer to?

tongue Signup and view all the answers

What does 'halit/o' mean?

breath Signup and view all the answers

What does 'hepat/o' denote?

liver Signup and view all the answers

What does 'hern/o' or 'herni/o' signify?

rupture or protrusion through a weakened membrane or wall Signup and view all the answers

What does 'hemorrh/o' refer to?

likely to bleed Signup and view all the answers

What does 'ile/o' mean?

to roll, ileum Signup and view all the answers

What does 'inguin/o' indicate?

groin Signup and view all the answers

What does 'jejun/o' mean?

empty, jejunum Signup and view all the answers

What does 'lapar/o' refer to?

abdomen Signup and view all the answers

What does 'lingu/o' signify?

tongue Signup and view all the answers

What does 'lith/o' mean?

stone Signup and view all the answers

What does 'or/o' indicate?

mouth Signup and view all the answers

What does 'palat/o' refer to?

roof of the mouth, palate Signup and view all the answers

What does 'pancreat/o' mean?

sweetbread, pancreas Signup and view all the answers

What does 'peps/o' or 'pept/o' denote?

digestion Signup and view all the answers

What does 'perine/o' refer to?

perineum Signup and view all the answers

What does 'peritone/o' mean?

to stretch over, peritoneum Signup and view all the answers

What does 'phag/o' signify?

eat, swallow Signup and view all the answers

What does 'pharyng/o' indicate?

throat, pharynx Signup and view all the answers

What does 'polyp/o' refer to?

a small growth, polyp Signup and view all the answers

What does 'proct/o' mean?

rectum, anus Signup and view all the answers

What does 'pylor/o' signify?

gatekeeper, pylorus Signup and view all the answers

What does 'rect/o' mean?

straight, erect, rectum Signup and view all the answers

What does 'rubin/o' indicate?

red pigment Signup and view all the answers

What does 'sial/o' mean?

saliva Signup and view all the answers

What does 'sigmoid/o' refer to?

the letter S Signup and view all the answers

What does 'spasm/o' mean?

sudden, involuntary muscle contraction Signup and view all the answers

What does 'steat/o' indicate?

fat Signup and view all the answers

What does 'stomat/o' mean?

mouth Signup and view all the answers

What does 'uvul/o' signify?

grape, uvula Signup and view all the answers

What does '-cele' indicate?

hernia, swelling, protrusion Signup and view all the answers

What does '-centesis' mean?

surgical puncture to aspirate fluids Signup and view all the answers

What does '-emesis' signify?

vomiting Signup and view all the answers

What does '-emetic' mean?

pertaining to vomiting Signup and view all the answers

What does '-iasis' indicate?

condition of Signup and view all the answers

What does '-malacia' mean?

softening Signup and view all the answers

What does '-pepsia' signify?

condition of digestion Signup and view all the answers

What does '-ptosis' mean?

falling down, drooping Signup and view all the answers

What does '-rrhaphy' refer to?

suturing Signup and view all the answers

What does '-rrhea' indicate?

excessive discharge Signup and view all the answers

What does '-stomy' mean?

surgical creation of an opening Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Prefixes

ad-: Indicates movement or direction toward something.
anti-: Signifies opposition or resistance.
dia-: Refers to movement through or across.
dys-: Describes conditions that are bad, abnormal, painful, or difficult.
pan-: Means all or entire.
peri-: Pertains to something being around or about.
re-, retro-: Denotes backward movement or return.

Root Words: Anatomy and Physiology

abdomin/o: Relates to the abdomen or abdominal cavity.
an/o: Refers specifically to the anus.
appendo/o: Pertains to the appendix and means to hang onto.
bil/i: Indicates bile, a digestive fluid.
cec/o: Refers to the blind intestine or cecum.
celi/o: Denotes the abdomen or abdominal cavity.
cheil/o: Refers to the lip.
chol/e: Indicates bile or gall.
coledoch/o: Relates to the common bile duct.
cirrh/o: Describes an orange color.
colo/o, colon/o: Refers to the colon.
dent/o: Pertains to teeth.
diverticul/o: Relates to a small blind pouch known as a diverticulum.
duoden/o: Refers to the duodenum, the first part of the small intestine.
enter/o: Indicates the small intestine.
esophag/e, esophag/o: Relates to the gullet or esophagus.
gastr/o: Refers to the stomach.
gingiv/o: Pertains to the gums.
gloss/o: Indicates the tongue.
halit/o: Associated with breath.
hepat/o: Refers to the liver.
hern/o, herni/o: Indicates a rupture or protrusion through a weakened membrane or wall.
hemorrh/o: Describes something that is likely to bleed.
ile/o: Refers to the ileum, the last part of the small intestine.
inguin/o: Pertains to the groin.
jejun/o: Indicates the jejunum, the second part of the small intestine.
lapar/o: Refers to the abdomen.
lingu/o: Another term for tongue.
lith/o: Describes a stone, often in a medical context.
or/o: Refers to the mouth.
palat/o: Pertains to the roof of the mouth or palate.
pancreat/o: Relates to the pancreas.
peps/o, pept/o: Associated with digestion.
perine/o: Refers to the perineum.
peritone/o: Means to stretch over and relates to the peritoneum, the lining of the abdominal cavity.
phag/o: Indicates the act of eating or swallowing.
pharyng/o: Refers to the throat or pharynx.
polyp/o: Relates to a small growth known as a polyp.
proct/o: Refers to the rectum and anus.
pylor/o: Means gatekeeper, referring to the pylorus of the stomach.
rect/o: Indicates straight, erect, or rectum.
rubin/o: Describes a red pigment.
sial/o: Relates to saliva.
sigmoid/o: Refers to the sigmoid colon, shaped like the letter S.
spasm/o: Indicates sudden, involuntary muscle contraction.
steat/o: Relates to fat.
stomat/o: Refers to the mouth.
uvul/o: Pertains to the uvula, which is grape-like.

Suffixes

-cele: Indicates a hernia, swelling, or protrusion.
-centesis: Refers to surgical puncture to aspirate fluids.
-emesis: Describes the act of vomiting.
-emetic: Pertaining to something that induces vomiting.
-iasis: Indicates a condition or process.
-malacia: Refers to softening of tissue.
-pepsia: Denotes a condition related to digestion.
-ptosis: Refers to falling down or drooping.
-rrhaphy: Indicates suturing or stitching.
-rrhea: Refers to excessive discharge.
-stomy: Indicates the surgical creation of an opening.

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Test your knowledge of medical prefixes with these flashcards from Chapter 13 of Medical Terminology. Each card features a common prefix, its meaning, and usage. This interactive quiz will help reinforce your understanding of essential terms used in the medical field.