Medical Terminology Chapter 12
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Questions and Answers

What does the prefix 'home/o' mean?

same

What does the suffix '-stasis' refer to?

stopping, controlling

What does 'neur/o' stand for?

nerve

What does the suffix '-logy' signify?

<p>study of</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the meaning of 'somat/o'?

<p>body</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the suffix '-on' mean?

<p>structure</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does 'dendro' refer to?

<p>dendrite</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does '-glia' indicate?

<p>glue</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does 'astr/o' mean in medical terms?

<p>star</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does '-cyte' refer to?

<p>cell</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does 'encephal/o' mean?

<p>brain</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the meaning of 'cerebr/o'?

<p>cerebrum</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does 'cerebell/o' denote?

<p>cerebellum</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the definition of 'cortic/o'?

<p>cortex</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does 'lob/o' refer to?

<p>lobe</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does 'cord/o' mean?

<p>spinal cord</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does 'chord/o' or 'myel/o' refer to?

<p>spinal cord</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does 'mening/o' indicate?

<p>meninges</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does 'meningi/o' mean?

<p>meninges</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does 'rhiz/o' refer to?

<p>nerve root</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the meaning of 'radicul/o'?

<p>nerve root</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does 'dur/o' denote?

<p>dura mater</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does 'ventricul/o' mean?

<p>ventricle</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does 'dermat/o' indicate?

<p>skin</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the suffix '-tome' refer to?

<p>instrument used to cut</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does 'dendro/o' refer to?

<p>dendrite</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the prefix '-a' mean?

<p>without</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does 'phas/o' signify?

<p>speech</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the suffix '-ia' refer to?

<p>condition</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does 'dys-' mean?

<p>difficult</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does 'phag/o' mean?

<p>eat</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does 'somn/o' denote?

<p>sleep</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the meaning of 'hypo'?

<p>deficient</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does 'kinesi/o' refer to?

<p>movement</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does '-algia' mean?

<p>pain</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does 'para-' signify?

<p>abnormal</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does 'esthesi/o' denote?

<p>feeling</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the prefix 'a-' mean?

<p>no, not, without</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does 'calcul/o' refer to?

<p>stone</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does 'geus/o' stand for?

<p>taste</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does 'gnos/o' mean?

<p>knowledge</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does 'graph/o' indicate?

<p>record</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the prefix 'an-' signify?

<p>no, not, without</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does 'osm/o' refer to?

<p>sense of smell</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does 'prax/o' mean?

<p>purposeful</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does 'dys-' signify?

<p>difficult</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does 'lex/o' mean?

<p>word</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the suffix '-al' denote?

<p>pertaining to</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does 'hydro/o' mean?

<p>water</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does '-cephalus' indicate?

<p>head</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does 'spin/o' mean?

<p>spine</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does 'bi-' signify?

<p>two</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does '-fida' mean?

<p>split</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does 'hemat/o' denote?

<p>blood</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does '-oma' signify?

<p>tumor</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does 'inter-' mean?

<p>between</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does 'vertebr/o' signify?

<p>vertebra</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does 'my/o' mean?

<p>muscle</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does 'troph/o' refer to?

<p>development</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does '-ic' mean?

<p>pertaining to</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does 'later/o' denote?

<p>side</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does 'sclerosis' mean?

<p>condition of hardening</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does 'hermat/o' refer to?

<p>blood</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does 'inter-' mean?

<p>between</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does '-algia' signify?

<p>pain</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does 'epi-' mean?

<p>above</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does '-lepsy' denote?

<p>seizure</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does 'narc/o' mean?

<p>sleep</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does '-itis' signify?

<p>inflammation</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does 'polio' mean?

<p>gray</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does 'myel/o' denote?

<p>spinal cord</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does 'vascul/o' refer to?

<p>vessel</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does '-ar' mean?

<p>pertaining to</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does 'ischem/o' indicate?

<p>hold back</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does 'di-' signify?

<p>two</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does '-plegia' refer to?

<p>paralysis</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does 'hemi-' mean?

<p>half</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does '-paresis' mean?

<p>slight paralysis</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does 'mono-' signify?

<p>one</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does 'quadri-' denote?

<p>four</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does 'fibr/o' refer to?

<p>fiber</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does 'astr/o' mean?

<p>star</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does 'cyt/o' signify?

<p>cell</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does 'medull/o' mean?

<p>medulla</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does 'blast/o' refer to?

<p>embryonic</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does 'angi/o' mean?

<p>vessel</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does '-graphy' signify?

<p>process of recording</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does 'tom/o' mean?

<p>slice</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does 'echo-' indicate?

<p>sound</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does 'myel/o' refer to?

<p>spinal cord</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does 'elect/o' denote?

<p>electricity</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does 'poly-' mean?

<p>many</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does 'spin/o' signify?

<p>spine</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does 'lumb/o' refer to?

<p>lower back</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does 'endo-' mean?

<p>within</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does '-scopy' denote?

<p>process of viewing</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does 'crani/o' mean?

<p>skull, cranium</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does '-ectomy' signify?

<p>removal</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does '-tomy' mean?

<p>incision</p> Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Medical Terminology Overview

  • Home/o signifies sameness, often used in terms related to homeostasis.
  • The suffix -stasis denotes stopping or controlling, commonly used in describing bodily functions.

Nervous System Terms

  • Neur/o refers to nerve, fundamental in neurology.
  • Dendro indicates dendrites, components of neurons that transmit signals.
  • Glia translates to glue, representing supportive cells in the nervous system.
  • Encephal/o pertains to the brain, critical for understanding brain disorders.
  • Cerebr/o refers specifically to the cerebrum, the largest part of the brain, associated with higher brain functions.
  • Cerebell/o relates to the cerebellum, which manages coordination and balance.
  • Cord/o and myel/o both denote the spinal cord, essential for neural communication.
  • Mening/o and meningi/o both refer to the meninges, protective membranes surrounding the brain and spinal cord.
  • Rhiz/o and radicul/o relate to nerve roots, crucial for understanding nerve pathways.

Anatomy and Structure Terms

  • Cortic/o signifies the cortex, the outer layer of an organ.
  • Lob/o indicates a lobe, often used to describe sections of the brain or liver.
  • -cyte refers to a cell, foundational in cellular biology.
  • -on signifies a structure, commonly used in medical contexts.

Musculoskeletal and Tissue Terms

  • Somat/o means body, essential in discussions of bodily systems and functions.
  • My/o denotes muscle, critical in understanding movement and physical health.
  • Troph/o refers to development or nutrition, often used in relation to tissue health.
  • Fibr/o means fiber, significant in muscle and connective tissue contexts.

Conditions and Disorders

  • -algia signifies pain, widely applicable in various medical diagnoses.
  • Dys- refers to difficult or impaired, often seen in terms like dysphagia (difficulty swallowing).
  • -itis denotes inflammation, indicating conditions like arthritis or appendicitis.
  • Sclerosis indicates a condition of hardening, relevant in various disorders affecting tissues.

Diagnostic and Procedural Terms

  • -ectomy refers to removal, as in appendectomy or cholecystectomy.
  • -tomy signifies incision, commonly used in surgical terminology.
  • -graphy entails the process of recording, often associated with imaging techniques.

Sensory and Cognitive Terms

  • Esthesi/o means feeling, relevant in discussions of sensations.
  • Gnos/o translates to knowledge, significant in cognitive assessments.
  • Phas/o pertains to speech, important in language disorders.
  • Lex/o refers to words, related to language and communication studies.

Directions and Positions

  • Lateral/o signifies side, important in anatomical orientations.
  • Epi- means above, often used to describe anatomical positions.
  • Inter- refers to between, critical in describing spatial relationships in anatomy.

Size, Quantity, and Movement Terms

  • Poly- means many and is often used in conditions involving multiple entities.
  • Bi- and di- indicate two, commonly seen in terms like bilateral or digraph.
  • Hemi- signifies half, useful in describing partial conditions.
  • -paresis indicates slight paralysis, important in neurology contexts.

Fluid and Substance Terms

  • Hydro/o refers to water, often seen in contexts involving body fluids.
  • Hemat/o denotes blood, critical in hematology and blood-related conditions.
  • Ischem/o signifies holding back, relevant in discussions of blood flow restrictions.

Miscellaneous Terms

  • -lepsy indicates seizure, common in neurological diagnoses.
  • Narc/o means sleep, relating to conditions like narcolepsy.
  • -opsy refers to viewing or inspection, significant in biopsies.
  • -oscopy indicates a process for viewing internal structures, often involving endoscopy.

Anatomical Structures

  • Crani/o pertains to the skull, essential in cranial surgery contexts.
  • Spin/o refers to the spine, important in discussions of spinal health.
  • Medull/o signifies the medulla, associated with automatic functions such as breathing and heart rate.

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Test your knowledge on key medical terminology with these flashcards from Chapter 12. This quiz covers essential prefixes, suffixes, and root words important for understanding medical language. Perfect for students and professionals looking to reinforce their medical vocabulary.

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