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Questions and Answers
Medical terminology is derived mostly from Latin and Greek words.
Medical terminology is derived mostly from Latin and Greek words.
True (A)
A competent medical assistant must learn every possible medical term.
A competent medical assistant must learn every possible medical term.
False (B)
A medical dictionary and a reputable Internet site are two good resources for learning new medical terms.
A medical dictionary and a reputable Internet site are two good resources for learning new medical terms.
True (A)
A combining vowel is sometimes added when joining a word root with a suffix or another root.
A combining vowel is sometimes added when joining a word root with a suffix or another root.
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A prefix is a word element that is placed at the end of a word to alter its meaning.
A prefix is a word element that is placed at the end of a word to alter its meaning.
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The word root for tongue is lingu.
The word root for tongue is lingu.
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A suffix is a word element that is added to the end of a word.
A suffix is a word element that is added to the end of a word.
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Which term is a combining form?
Which term is a combining form?
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The word root athr means ______.
The word root athr means ______.
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A word root that means white is ______.
A word root that means white is ______.
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The word roots hem and hemat both mean ______.
The word roots hem and hemat both mean ______.
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The ______ region describes where the navel is found.
The ______ region describes where the navel is found.
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Inflammation of the heart muscle is called ______.
Inflammation of the heart muscle is called ______.
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The thoracic cavity contains the heart and the ______.
The thoracic cavity contains the heart and the ______.
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A directional term that means the front side of the body is ______.
A directional term that means the front side of the body is ______.
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Study Notes
Course Information
- Course: APCVS
- Week: 1
Lesson Objectives
- Students will be able to define and spell terms from the chapter.
- Students will be able to identify and discuss medical terminology word parts.
- Students will be able to analyze, build, spell, and pronounce medical words.
Word Parts Are Key!
- Four basic types of word parts create complex medical terms:
- Word roots
- Combining forms
- Suffixes
- Prefixes
Analyzing a Medical Term
- Example: HEMAT/O/LOGY
- Root: "blood"
- Combining vowel: "o"
- Suffix: "study of"
Derivation of Healthcare Terms
- Most medical terms originate from Greek and Latin.
- Examples:
- Greek: gloss/o
- Latin: lingu/o
- Word roots often indicate the body part involved, but not always.
Word Roots
- Examples:
- cardi = heart
- gastr = stomach
- hepat = liver
- neur = nerve
- Note: Word roots don't inherently mean "pertaining to"; suffix provides that meaning.
Some Word Roots and Their Combining Forms
- Examples:
- Arthr/o = joints
- Cardi/o = heart
- Gastr/o = stomach
- Hepat/o = liver
- Lingu/o = tongue
- Oste/o = bone
- Pneum/o = lung
Word Parts, Continued (Suffixes)
- Suffixes appear at the end of terms.
- Often indicate a pathological condition, diagnostic procedure, or therapeutic intervention.
- Examples:
- cardiomegaly
- gastralgia
- neuritis
Some Suffixes
- -itis = inflammation
- -scopy = visual examination
- -tomy = surgical incision
- -ectomy = surgical removal, excision, resection
- -ia, -al, -ic = pertaining to
- -logy = study of
- -megaly = enlargement
- -ostomy = create an artificial opening
Prefixes
- Prefixes appear before a combining form.
- Often indicate location, time, number, or status.
- Provide more information about the term.
- Examples:
- Pericardium = surrounding the heart
- Epigastric = pertaining to above the stomach
- Polyneuritis = inflammation of many nerves
Some Prefixes
- sub = under
- hyper = above, increased
- hypo = below, decreased
- dys = difficult, painful
- ante = before
- anti = against
- pre = before
- peri = surrounding
The Power of Learning Medical Terminology
- Memorizing word parts and rules allows quick analysis and creation of thousands of medical terms.
Analyzing Terms
- Memorizing prefixes, roots/combining forms, and suffixes allows the analysis of numerous medical terms.
- Breaking down words helps understand word-building patterns.
- Examples:
- Electr = electricity
- Cardi = heart
- Gram = record
- Electrocardiogram = written record of the electrical activity of the heart
Analyzing Terms, Continued
- Example: "sublingual"
- sub- (under)
- lingu- (tongue)
- -al (pertaining to)
- Sublingual = pertaining to under the tongue
Determining Meanings Based on Word Parts
- Deciphering medical terms based on word parts.
- Combining vowels (most commonly "o") make pronunciation easier.
- Examples:
- Cardiologist = cardi/o (heart) + -logist(specialist)
- Gastritis = gastr/o (stomach) + -itis (inflammation)
- Neuralgia = neur (nerves) + algia (pain)
Building Healthcare Terms, Continued
- Joining combining forms and suffixes:
- Keep combining vowel if suffix starts with consonant.
- Drop combining vowel if suffix starts with vowel.
- Examples:
- Arthroscop = arthr/o + -scopy
- Gastrotomy = gastr/o + -tomy
- Arthritis = arthr/o + -itis
- Gastrectomy = gastr/o + -ectomy
Building Healthcare Terms Continued
- Prefixes are joined directly to the beginning of the combining form.
- Examples:
- Hemiglossectomy = hemi- + gloss/o + -ectomy
- Prenatal = pre- + nat/o + -al
- Hypothermia = hypo- + therm/o + -ia
Singular/Plural Rules
- If a term ends in "-a," drop the "-a" and add "-ae."
- Example: vertebra/vertebrae
- If a term ends in "-is," drop the "-is" and add "-es" (pronounced -eez).
- Example: diagnosis/diagnoses
- If a term ends in "-nx", drop the "-nx" and add "-nges" (pronounced -jeez).
- Example: phalanx/phalanges
- If a term ends in "-um," drop the "-um" and add "-a" (pronounced -ah).
- Example: bacterium/bacteria
- If a term ends in "-us," drop the "-us" and add "-i" (pronounced -eye).
- Example: digitus/digiti
- If a term ends in "-y," drop the "-y" and add "-ies" (pronounced -eez).
- Example: therapy/therapies
Let's Review
- What prefixes or suffixes mean the following:
- -itis = inflammation/infection
- tachy = fast
- brady = slow
- hem = blood
- -ectomy = surgical removal
- algia = painful
- mal = bad
Practice Questions
- Medical terminology primarily stems from Latin and Greek words - True
- A competent medical assistant needs to learn all possible medical terms - False
- A medical dictionary and reputable website are helpful resources for learning medical terms - True
- A combining vowel is sometimes added when joining a word root with a suffix or another root - True
- A prefix is placed at the end of a word to change its meaning - False
- The word root for tongue is lingu - True
- The word root athr means joint - True
- A word root that means white is leuk - True
- The word root hem and hemat both mean blood - True
- The umbilical region describes where the navel is - True
- Inflammation of the heart muscle is called myocarditis - True
- The thoracic cavity holds both the heart and lungs - True
- A directional term for front side of body is anterior - True
Why Learn Anatomy?
- Communicate with healthcare workers
- Reduce errors
- Define anatomy and physiology
Anatomical Postion
- Face forward, palms forward, standing erect, legs together
Body Cavities
- Dorsal include cranial and spinal cavities
- Ventral include thoracic, abdominal, and pelvic cavities
Abdominopelvic Quadrants
- Right upper quadrant (RUQ) includes liver
- Left upper quadrant (LUQ) includes stomach and spleen
- Right lower quadrant (RLQ) includes appendix
- Left lower quadrant (LLQ) includes intestines
Abdominopelvic Regions
- Nine regions. Examples: right hypochondriac, epigastric, umbilical
Planes of the Body
- Sagittal: divides left/right
- Midsagittal: divides body into two halves
- Frontal/Coronal: divides anterior/posterior (front/back) Transverse: divides superior/inferior (above/below)
Positional and Directional Terms
- General directional terms are used to denote relative locations. Examples: anterior, posterior, superior, inferior, medial, lateral, proximal, distal, supine, prone
Body Systems: Structure and Function
- Anatomy: describes structure of the body
- Physiology: describes functions and processes of the body
- Systems include urinary, digestive, respiratory, reproductive, immune, endocrine, integumentary, skeletal, muscular, nervous
Organization of the Human Body
- Human organism, body systems, organs, tissues, and cells
- Cells: responsible for energy conversion, anabolism(builds up substances), catabolism(breaks down substances), metabolism (anabolism + catabolism)
Cell Components
- Identify cells components, each with its function.
Tissues (Histo)
- Four main tissues: epithelial, connective, muscular, nervous
Medical equipment and terms related to medical probes
- Proper use and placement of various types of medical probes, particularly those related to sublingual thermometers
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Description
This quiz focuses on fundamental medical terminology derived from Latin and Greek. It covers key concepts such as word roots, suffixes, prefixes, and combining forms essential for effective communication in the medical field. Test your knowledge and understanding of essential medical terms.
