Medical Terminology and Cultural Competence

Medical Terminology

• Common medical terms and their translations:
  • Doctor: médico
  • Nurse: enfermera
  • Hospital: hospital
  • Patient: paciente
  • Medication: medicación
  • Diagnosis: diagnóstico
  • Treatment: tratamiento
• Understanding prefixes, suffixes, and roots in medical terms:
  • Example: "hypo-" means under or below, "glyc-" refers to sugar or glucose

Cultural Competence

• Importance of understanding cultural differences in healthcare:
  • Recognizing cultural nuances in communication and patient care
  • Being aware of cultural beliefs and values related to health and illness
• Strategies for culturally competent care:
  • Using interpreters and bilingual staff
  • Being sensitive to non-verbal cues and body language
  • Involving family members in care decisions

Healthcare Systems

• Overview of the healthcare system in Spain:
  • Public healthcare system (Sistema Nacional de Salud)
  • Private healthcare system
• Understanding the role of healthcare professionals in Spain:
  • Doctors (médicos)
  • Nurses (enfermeras)
  • Other healthcare professionals (e.g. physiotherapists, radiologists)

Patient Communication

• Basic phrases for communication with Spanish-speaking patients:
  • Greetings: "Hola, ¿cómo está?" (Hello, how are you?)
  • Introductions: "Soy [name], su médico/enfermera" (I am [name], your doctor/nurse)
  • Asking about symptoms: "¿Cuál es su problema?" (What is your problem?)
  • Providing instructions: "Necesita tomar [medication] dos veces al día" (You need to take [medication] twice a day)

Medical Procedures

• Common medical procedures and their translations:
  • Physical exam: examen físico
  • Blood test: análisis de sangre
  • Imaging tests: pruebas de imagen (e.g. MRI, CT scan)
  • Surgery: cirugía
• Understanding medical procedures and instructions:
  • Preparing patients for procedures
  • Providing post-procedure care and instructions

Greet and Dismiss the Patient

• Phrases for greeting and dismissing patients:
  • Greeting: "Hola, ¿cómo está?" (Hello, how are you?)
  • Dismissal: "Gracias por su visita. ¡Hasta luego!" (Thank you for your visit. See you later!)

Chart Creation

• Understanding the importance of accurate chart creation:
  • Documenting patient history, diagnoses, and treatments
  • Maintaining confidentiality and HIPAA compliance
• Common chart sections and their translations:
  • Patient information: información del paciente
  • Medical history: historia médica
  • Medications: medicaciones
  • Diagnosis and treatment: diagnóstico y tratamiento

General Anatomy Terms

• Basic anatomy terms and their translations:
  • Head: cabeza
  • Body: cuerpo
  • Heart: corazón
  • Lungs: pulmones
  • Liver: hígado
• Understanding anatomical directions and locations:
  • Right: derecho
  • Left: izquierdo
  • Up: arriba
  • Down: abajo

Action to Follow

• Understanding instructions and follow-up care:
  • Follow-up appointments: citas de seguimiento
  • Medication regimens: regímenes de medicación
  • Lifestyle changes: cambios de estilo de vida
• Providing clear instructions and follow-up care:
  • Written instructions: instrucciones escritas
  • Verbal instructions: instrucciones verbales

Instructions during Visit

• Phrases for providing instructions during a visit:
  • "Necesita tomar [medication] dos veces al día" (You need to take [medication] twice a day)
  • "Debe regresar para una cita de seguimiento en [date]" (You need to return for a follow-up appointment on [date])
  • "Es importante que siga [dietary or lifestyle changes]" (It's important that you follow [dietary or lifestyle changes])

Instructions post-treatment

• Phrases for providing post-treatment instructions:
  • "Necesita descansar por [amount of time]" (You need to rest for [amount of time])
  • "Debe evitar [certain activities] por [amount of time]" (You need to avoid [certain activities] for [amount of time])
  • "Es importante que siga las instrucciones de cuidado post-operatorio" (It's important that you follow post-operative care instructions)

Payment and Insurance Information

• Understanding payment and insurance options:
  • Public healthcare system: Sistema Nacional de Salud
  • Private insurance: seguro privado
  • Out-of-pocket expenses: gastos de bolsillo
• Phrases for discussing payment and insurance:
  • "¿Tiene seguro médico?" (Do you have health insurance?)
  • "Cuál es su forma de pago preferida?" (What is your preferred payment method?)
  • "Necesita pagar [amount] por la visita hoy" (You need to pay [amount] for the visit today)

Medical Terminology

• Médico means doctor
• Enfermera means nurse
• Hospital means hospital
• Paciente means patient
• Medicación means medication
• Diagnóstico means diagnosis
• Tratamiento means treatment
• Prefixes, suffixes, and roots are used to create medical terms
• "Hypo-" means under or below
• "Glyc-" refers to sugar or glucose

Cultural Competence

• Understanding cultural differences in healthcare is crucial
• Recognize cultural nuances in communication and patient care
• Be aware of cultural beliefs and values related to health and illness
• Strategies for culturally competent care include using interpreters and bilingual staff
• Be sensitive to non-verbal cues and body language
• Involve family members in care decisions

Healthcare Systems

• Spain's healthcare system is divided into public and private systems
• Public healthcare system is called Sistema Nacional de Salud
• Doctors (médicos) and nurses (enfermeras) play key roles in healthcare

Patient Communication

• Basic phrases for communication with Spanish-speaking patients
• Greetings: "Hola, ¿cómo está?" (Hello, how are you?)
• Introductions: "Soy [name], su médico/enfermera" (I am [name], your doctor/nurse)
• Asking about symptoms: "¿Cuál es su problema?" (What is your problem?)
• Providing instructions: "Necesita tomar [medication] dos veces al día" (You need to take [medication] twice a day)

Medical Procedures

• Common medical procedures and their translations
• Physical exam: examen físico
• Blood test: análisis de sangre
• Imaging tests: pruebas de imagen (e.g. MRI, CT scan)
• Surgery: cirugía
• Preparing patients for procedures
• Providing post-procedure care and instructions

Greet and Dismiss the Patient

• Phrases for greeting and dismissing patients
• Greeting: "Hola, ¿cómo está?" (Hello, how are you?)
• Dismissal: "Gracias por su visita. ¡Hasta luego!" (Thank you for your visit. See you later!)

Chart Creation

• Accurate chart creation is essential
• Documenting patient history, diagnoses, and treatments
• Maintaining confidentiality and HIPAA compliance
• Common chart sections and their translations
• Patient information: información del paciente
• Medical history: historia médica
• Medications: medicaciones
• Diagnosis and treatment: diagnóstico y tratamiento

General Anatomy Terms

• Basic anatomy terms and their translations
• Head: cabeza
• Body: cuerpo
• Heart: corazón
• Lungs: pulmones
• Liver: hígado
• Understanding anatomical directions and locations
• Right: derecho
• Left: izquierdo
• Up: arriba
• Down: abajo

Action to Follow

• Understanding instructions and follow-up care
• Follow-up appointments: citas de seguimiento
• Medication regimens: regímenes de medicación
• Lifestyle changes: cambios de estilo de vida
• Providing clear instructions and follow-up care
• Written instructions: instrucciones escritas
• Verbal instructions: instrucciones verbales

Instructions during Visit

• Phrases for providing instructions during a visit
• "Necesita tomar [medication] dos veces al día" (You need to take [medication] twice a day)
• "Debe regresar para una cita de seguimiento en [date]" (You need to return for a follow-up appointment on [date])
• "Es importante que siga [dietary or lifestyle changes]" (It's important that you follow [dietary or lifestyle changes])

Instructions post-treatment

• Phrases for providing post-treatment instructions
• "Necesita descansar por [amount of time]" (You need to rest for [amount of time])
• "Debe evitar [certain activities] por [amount of time]" (You need to avoid [certain activities] for [amount of time])
• "Es importante que siga las instrucciones de cuidado post-operatorio" (It's important that you follow post-operative care instructions)