Medical Knowledge Quiz: GERD & AIDS

Acid Reflux (GERD)

• The primary symptom of acid reflux (GERD) is heartburn (pyrosis).
• A barium swallow fluoroscopy is a test that confirms GERD.
• GERD occurs due to a malfunction in the lower esophageal sphincter.

Clinical Priority

• Patients with GERD should eat small, frequent meals to reduce hydrochloric acid production.
• After each meal, patients should remain upright for 30 minutes.
• Patients should avoid food items that increase acid production, such as orange juice or tomatoes.
• Antacids are recommended for patients with GERD.
• Take antacids 1 hour before or after other medications.
• Antacids can cause constipation.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS)

• AIDS is caused by the Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV).
• HIV transmission occurs through sexual intercourse, direct contact with infected blood or body fluids such as semen and breast milk.
• Symptoms of HIV include fever, weight loss, night sweats, diarrhea, and fatigue.
• HIV antibodies are identified in a screening test called ELISA (enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay).
• ELISA is a blood test that uses special enzymes to attach to blood.
• The HIV differentiation assay confirms the ELISA screening test (Western Blot is no longer used).
• HIV attacks the immune system by destroying T-lymphocytes, rapidly self-replicating in the process.
• T-lymphocytes (T cells) play a crucial role in recognizing and fighting pathogens within the immune system.

Test your understanding of Acid Reflux (GERD) and Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS). This quiz covers symptoms, diagnostic tests, management strategies for GERD, and transmission of HIV. Enhance your medical knowledge with these crucial topics.